Final Flashcards
A complete lesion of the left lateral geniculate nucleus produces which one of the following visual field defects?
Loss of the right visual field
The optic nerve is composed of axons from which cell type?
Ganglion
Humans can perceive complex sounds containing different frequencies because the basilar membrane
simultaneously vibrates at multiple locations along its length
The voltage-gated K channel (VGKC) is also called a delayed rectifier because
it opens AFTER the opening of the voyages gated Na china and rests the membrane potential to the resting membrane potential
What comes first in the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles
Docking
The transmission of electrical signals from one neurons to another neuron
is slower in chemical synapses that in electrical synapses
Changing the number Ca channels in a chemical synapse is an example of which mechanism of synaptic plasticity
Presynaptic modulation
Humans cannot use x rays vision because
x-rays contain too much energy and destroys rhodopsin
Which neurotransmitter binds to the nicotinic receptor?
Acetylcholine
The detection of sugar molecules by taste cells on the tongue requires
Ca stimulated NT release from synaptic vesicles
The detection of light in the eye is based upon the light induced change of
cis-retinal to trans-retinal
Saltatory conduction of action potentials requires
oligondendrocytes
The period of excitability during which a greater than normal strength of stimulus is required to elicit an nerve cell response is the _______
Relative refractory period
Cone cells in the human eye have different optimal sensitivity spectra: blue, green, and red. These difference are the result of
differences in opsin
The function of ganglion receptive fields is to______
- Distinguish bright objects against a dark background by the ON ganglion
- Distinguish dimmer objects against their background by the OFF ganglion cells
Primary role of calcium in the activation of SKELETAL muscle is to
remove the inhibition of the reaction between actin filaments and myosin filaments
Primary role of calcium in the activation of SMOOTH muscle is to
activate myosin molecules so they can interact with actin filaments
As the intensity of stimulation increases, more and more muscles fibers will become activation. This process is called_____
Recruitment
During aerobic conditions in the animal cell_____
more ATP is produced in the mitochondria than in the cytoplasm
Which chemicals are synthesized in the presynaptic terminals and packaged in clear -core vesicles
small molecules neurotransmitters
The detection of many individual odors by mammals is thought to be due to
combinational coding
Conduction of action potentials along a nerve axons requires
a depolarization large enough to exceed threshold potential leading to the AP
Lateral inhibition results_______
in an increase in stimulus contrast
The function renshaw cells is to
inhibit the action of a chemical synapse
Compared with fast chemical synaptic transmissions, a synapse with a slow chemical transmission
uses metabotropic receptors
Which ion gate opens and closes the fastest
Voltage gated Sodium (VGNaC)
What neurotransmitter is NOT packaged in vesicles
NO
