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Community Oriented Policing > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Conflict

A

can stimulate people to grow and change

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2
Q

When deciding whether to allow the media to take photographs or shoot video at crime scenes, police must consider important ____ amendment concerns.

A

fourth

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3
Q

According to the text, news sources base their coverage of crime on the concept of:

A

top billing

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4
Q

The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and state public records laws:

A

govern what police can and cannot disclose to the media

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5
Q

According to the text, the Society of Professional Journalists contends that:

A

the practice of telling victims they don’t have to talk to journalists will interfere with news gathering.

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6
Q

The First Amendment guarantee of the freedom of the press is often incompatible with the ____ Amendment guarantee of the right to a fair trial and protection of the defendant’s rights.

A

sixth

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7
Q

According to the text, depending on the journalist, “off the record”:

A

guarantees nothing; may make it more likely that the remarks will be published (both b and c)

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8
Q

A soundbite:

A

must contain good solid information

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9
Q

According to the text, police and the media share a common goal of:

A

serving the public

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10
Q

In law enforcement context, PIO is:

A

public information officer

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11
Q

Police are guided by the ____ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees the individual the right to a fair trial.

A

sixth

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12
Q

When dealing with the media, it is important to remember that:

A

all of the above

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13
Q

The police have different priorities and perspectives from the media. The media depends upon the police:

A

all of the above

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14
Q

One way to enhance the media’s understanding of police work is to invite the local newspaper and broadcast reporters to enroll in a:

A

citizen’s police academy

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15
Q

A major theme among media participants at a police-media workshop was their need to get information from:

A

law enforcement

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16
Q

A reason for the conflict between the press and the police is:

A

competing objectives; incongruity between constitutional guarantees (a and b)

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17
Q

According to the text, PIOs are officers trained in public relations who:

A

all of the above

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18
Q

A police-media relationship survey found that the one factor most affecting this relationship was:

A

accessibility to police data and personnel

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19
Q

According to the text, conflict between the media and law enforcement can:

A

be beneficial as it can lead to change

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20
Q

What organization has created a new online Directory of Victim Crime Services, which links crime victims and victim service providers to contact information for assistance 24/7?

A

OVC

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21
Q

What is an exemption to the FOIA?

A

all of the above

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22
Q

A fundamental source of conflict between the press and the police is:

A

competing objectives

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23
Q

If a law enforcement agency lies to the media, they risk:

A

losing the public’s trust

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24
Q

One tool that can help community oriented policing achieve its mission through the media is the _____, designed to proactively address the specific crime and disorder issues that routinely occur at certain times of the year.

A

seasonal press release

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25
Q

Chermark and Weiss recommended: “Law enforcement agencies should implement and devise broad marketing strategies to increase public awareness and involvement in community policing activities.” Which of the following was not one of their recommendations?

A

tell their stories of police contact to at least three other people.

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26
Q

According to the text, when evaluating the success of crime prevention programs, they should be carefully examined for all of the following reasons except:

A

crime is usually overreported

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27
Q

To reduce crime and the fear of crime, the Hartford Experiment involved:

A

organizing citizens to improve their neighborhoods

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28
Q

One hazard of citizen patrols is the possibility of:

A

vigilantism

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29
Q

DARE programs are aimed at:

A

elementary age school children

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30
Q

The Officer Friendly program is:

A

a program generally including a police officer who goes into classes to discuss good citizenship, responsibility, and general safety.

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31
Q

Explorer programs are:

A

affiliated with the Boy Scouts of America

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32
Q

According to the text, since ancient time this method of deterring and detecting crime has been used.

A

street lighting

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33
Q

According to the text, the goals of most police-school liason programs include all of the following except:

A

enforcing school regulations

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34
Q

Which of the following was not a result of the Baltimore County COPE Project?

A

an increase in calls for service

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35
Q

DARE refers to:

A

an elementary education program to teach children to avoid drug use

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36
Q

According to the text, which is not considered a commonly used crime prevention program by law enforcement?

A

road blocks

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37
Q

One component of crime prevention through environmental design is:

A

street lighting

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38
Q

In the first Neward Foot Patrol Experiment, positive results were reported by:

A

residents

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39
Q

McGruff is:

A

a spokesperson in a media campaign to teach crime prevention

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40
Q

A factor considered when selecting candidates for the Deferred Prosecution/First Offenders Unit is:

A

the nature of the current offense

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41
Q

The largest online safety group that provides help for online victims of crime is:

A

WiredSafety

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42
Q

A new Neighborhood Watch program, nicknamed Community Policing 2.0, is called:

A

iWatch

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43
Q

Relieving the courts of matters not requiring the formalities of judicial intervention is an example of:

A

Community Dispute Resolution Centers

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44
Q

According to the text, which crime prevention programs are among the most visible in the US?

A

all of the above

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45
Q

Qualitative evaluations are ____ than quantitative evaluations.

A

more descriptive and less statistical

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46
Q

According to the text, resistance to change is common, especially in tradition-oriented professions. The six impediments to implementing innovative community-oriented policing include all of the following except:

A

cost of training

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47
Q

A modern example of the Guardian Angels is/are the:

A

CyberAngels

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48
Q

In the Flint Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program:

A

communication with citizens was the primary objective; officers were given great discretion (a and b)

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49
Q

According to the text, the typical youth-related crime prevention programs used are:

A

neighborhood watch and property marking projects

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50
Q

Improving lighting to deter and detect crimes:

A

is an example of CPTED

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51
Q

According to the text, youth have traditionally been included in police-community programs that include all of the following except:

A

private patrols

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52
Q

To reduce the residential burglary rate, the Seattle Citywide Crime Prevention Program used all of the following except:

A

self defense courses

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53
Q

This nonprofit, grassroots organization was founded in CA in 1980 to combat drunk driving:

A

Mothers Against Drunk Driving

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54
Q

Available research indicates that street lighting:

A

reduces citizens’ fear of crime

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55
Q

According to the text, block or neighborhood watch programs would NOT be described as:

A

vigilantism

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56
Q

Good examples of special crime watch programs are:

A

realtor and carrier watch programs

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57
Q

Property identification projects are aimed at:

A

deterring burglary; returning property that is stolen when deterrence fails (a and b)

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58
Q

According to the text, all are goals of the police athletic league except:

A

partnering with the Big Brothers/Big Sisters association

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59
Q

Dispute resolution centers contracted by the Unified Court System of the State of New York do all of the following except:

A

teach individuals how to resolve their disputes through community class action lawsuits

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60
Q

Studies have shown that CCTV:

A

only reduce crime where people were aware they were being watched

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61
Q

The DARE program was started by:

A

LAPD

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62
Q

The most common activities of the Neighborhood Watch program are:

A

Operation Identification programs and security surveys

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63
Q

According to the text, the most frequently committed violent crime in the US is:

A

domestic violence

64
Q

Traditionally, the most common forms of crime prevention were:

A

all of the above

65
Q

The 18 model crime reduction programs evaluated by the National Symposium on Community Institutions and the Inner City Crime Project share all but one of the following characteristics; they did not:

A

emphasize enforcement

66
Q

The Flint, Michigan, Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program appeared to do all of the following except:

A

decrease citizen satisfaction with the foot patrol program

67
Q

McGruff has:

A

been received favorably by the public

68
Q

According to the text, including crime statistics in an anticrime newsletter:

A

none of the above (?)

69
Q

A purpose of explorer programs is:

A

to help police agencies develop favorable community relations; to provide early recruitment opportunities for LEA (both a and b)

70
Q

In the second Newark Foot Patrol Experiment, positive results were obtained with:

A

all of the above

71
Q

The Community Policing Consortium is:

A

a partnership of five police organizations that provides training in the community policing to agencies in the US

72
Q

To implement the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, then Attorney General Janet Reno created the:

A

Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)

73
Q

“The simultaneous actions of separate entities which together have greater total effect that the sum of their individual efforts” is the technical definition of:

A

synergism

74
Q

According to the text, the Weed and Seed program sought to:

A

identify, arrest, and prosecute offenders

75
Q

The Combat Auto Theft (CAT) program allows the police to stop any car marked with a special decal:

A

between 1 AM and 5 AM

76
Q

All of the following are strategies to limit liability should a witness be harmed except:

A

making sure the city attorney is involved in the process

77
Q

Which of the following is not one of the main devices used for target hardening?

A

paint scheme

78
Q

Traffic concerns include:

A

all of the above

79
Q

According to the text, in 2010, 31 percent of traffic fatalities were caused by:

A

speeding

80
Q

Strategies used to encourage seat belt use vary from incentives for safe driving to mandatory use policies and fines for failure to buckle up. ____, an annual, nationwide, high visibility seat belt enforcement program, is an example of the latter.

A

Click it or ticket

81
Q

Enforcement responses to reduce speeding include all of the following except:

A

increasing speed limits

82
Q

According to the text, as of August 2005, all 50 states required that the BAC of drives be less than:

A

.08

83
Q

According to the text, victims of ATM robberies:

A

are usually robbed between midnight and 4 AM

84
Q

Some of the unintended consequences of video surveillance are:

A

all of the above

85
Q

In June 2012 the FBI initiated a three-day law enforcement action that resulted in the recover of 79 children. This operation was called:

A

Operation Cross Country

86
Q

A community may be concerned about street prostitution for a number of reasons, including:

A

all of the above

87
Q

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to aggression and violence in bars?

A

high proportion of young females

88
Q

Which of the following is an effective program to deter thefts of or from vehicles?

A

improving surveillance at lot entrances/exits

89
Q

The 4th Amendment protects ____ when discussing video surveillance.

A

people not places

90
Q

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported that speeding was a contributing factor in what percentage of fatal crashes?

A

32

91
Q

The Governors Highway Safety Association, in a 2012 report Speeding and Aggressive Driving, makes recommendations that include:

A

all of the above

92
Q

According to the text, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reported in 2009 that _____ killed 676 people and injured 113,000

A

red light running

93
Q

Eck suggests that ____ blocking changes to make crime more difficult, riskier, less rewarding or less excusable is one of the oldest forms of crime prevention.

A

opportunity

94
Q

Using advanced technology to fight crime includes using:

A

red light cameras

95
Q

Many factors contribute to aggression and violence in bars. Which of the following is not a factor consider?

A

Opening time

96
Q

One way to address the problems of crimes against businesses is to develop:

A

police-business partnerships

97
Q

Which of the following is not one of the recommendations for dealing with the mentally ill?

A

all of the above

98
Q

Norfolk, Virginia, cut homicides by more than 10 percent and reduced overall crime rates citywide by 26 percent and in some neighborhoods by as much as 40 percent. A good share of the credit goes to what crime prevention program?

A

PACE

99
Q

Forman contends that community policing has not reached its full potential because a critical group has largely been left out of the new policing model. Who is this critical group?

A

young adults; youths (a and b)

100
Q

A condition characteristic that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency is called:

A

a protective factor

101
Q

In 1999, a/an _____ school for public safety and law was established in a largely Hispanic and African American neighborhoods of East Brooklyn.

A

magnet

102
Q

According to the text the most prevalent form of bullying is:

A

verbal

103
Q

Dr. Olweus’ program to prevent bullying has a basic tenet the intervention by _____ when they see bullying behavior.

A

teachers

104
Q

Partnerships should include youths at all levels of activity, with their roles considered as important as those of adults. Which of the following programs is based on this philosophy?

A

all of the above

105
Q

In the 1980s a nonprofit youth development agency in Oakland, CA, established this program to address increasing numbers of youth homicides as a result of heightened gang activity:

A

Teens on Target

106
Q

A long term, community based, violent reduction or prevention program designed to help create an environment that reduces violence and establishes more sociable ways of behaving, living, and working in families, school organizations and communities is:

A

PeaceBuilders

107
Q

To prevent bullying, Dr. Olweus recommends:

A

all of the above

108
Q

According to the text, all of the following are elements of the developmental assets approach except:

A

community commitment

109
Q

Schools that implemented Dr. Olweus’ program found ____ in the rate of bullying behavior within the first two years.

A

a 40 to 50 percent reduction

110
Q

The RCMP believe that long term prevention of youth crime and victimization can only be accomplished:

A

in a partnership with the community

111
Q

According to the text, zero tolerance strategies in schools:

A

no matter what the underlying circumstances, a student will be suspended or expelled

112
Q

The program at school that offers youths an anonymous TIPS line to get information about a crime or violence to those who stop it is:

A

Student CrimeStoppers

113
Q

According to a Rand research report, all of the following are risk factors of adolescent violence except:

A

all are characteristics of adolescent violence

114
Q

The Kops n’ Kids program, endorsed by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), brings together children and officers to:

A

have fun rather than to deliver antidrug or anticrime speeches

115
Q

According to the text, crisis planning is the final prong in:

A

effective security

116
Q

Which one of the three types of activities, as identified by Finn, do School Resource Officers not engage in?

A

friendship

117
Q

The developmental asset approach promotes all of the following except:

A

endorsement

118
Q

The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, also known as the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA), went to effect in:

A

2006

119
Q

Who was the founder of the America’s Promise Alliance in 1997?

A

Colin Powell

120
Q

The America’s Promise Alliance, founded in 1997, focuses on five promises. Which of the following is not one of those promises?

A

free lunches

121
Q

Safe Start was developed to prevent and reduce the impact of family and community violence on young children. What age group was the program developed for?

A

birth to 6

122
Q

This police department has the Horizons Family Counseling project operating out of the police department:

A

Livermore

123
Q

The FBI’s four pronged assessment evaluates four major areas making up the “totality of the circumstances.” Which of the following is not one of these factors?

A

societal dynamics

124
Q

After school programs are often touted as one method to keep youths out of trouble and to help them succeed in school. A _____ has been developed and is being piloted by the COPS office.

A

Justice Based After School Program

125
Q

This system links eye scanning cameras with computers to identify people how have been preauthorized to enter schools.

A

T-PASS

126
Q

Only about _____ percent of sexual assaults are reported to the authorities.

A

10-20

127
Q

Violence Against Women Act is legislation to prevent:

A

stalking and domestic violence

128
Q

Characteristics common to workplace violence and school violence include all of the following except:

A

mediation strategies

129
Q

Initiated in 1994, the Boston Gun Project includes gun trafficking interdiction as one component in their broad strategy to stop gun violence. Partners in the project include the ATF, Boston PD, the Suffolk County District Attorney’s Office, and:

A

The U.S. Attorney’s Office

130
Q

____ is the nation’s largest firearm safety program.

A

Project ChildSafe

131
Q

The acronym used by the Department of Justice’s STO*P Violence Against Women Grant Program stands for:

A

services, training, officers, and prosecution.

132
Q

What crime has been documented to be a link to domestic violence?

A

animal abuse

133
Q

Which of the following is not a risk faced by children in violent homes?

A

lead poisoning

134
Q

The Boston City Department of Health and Hospitals initiated Boston’s Prevention Project in 1982 to prevent _____ violence.

A

youth

135
Q

The country’s first adult gun court was established in:

A

Providence, RI

136
Q

The domestic violence intervention project in Charlotte-Mecklenburg dealt with a/an:

A

increase in domestic assaults

137
Q

All of the following are suggested response strategies to drive-by shootings identified by the text except:

A

targeting the individuals

138
Q

As the text indicates, gun violence is considered a:

A

three-phase continuum

139
Q

A primary goal of Child Access Prevention laws is:

A

to keep guns out of the reach of children

140
Q

Straw purchasers are purchasers fronting for people linked to:

A

illegal gun trafficking

141
Q

The Child Development Community Policing initiative advocates the development of collaborative relationship between law enforcement and _____ to ensure that youths exposed to violence have access to a wide array of services offered in their communities.

A

mental health communities

142
Q

The Spouse Assault Replication Program, a study cosponsored by the NIJ and the CDC, analyzed more than 4,000 incidents, from six jurisdictions, in which males had assaulted their female intimate partners. What were the results?

A

Arresting batterers was consistently related to reduced subsequent aggression against female intimate partners, all comparisons meeting the statistical significance level.

143
Q

According to the text, the most common motivator of hate crime is ____ bias.

A

racial

144
Q

According to text, hate crimes against the person include:

A

all of the above

145
Q

Hate crimes are:

A

offenses committed against a person, property, or society that is motived by an offender’s bias against an individual’s or group’s race, religion, ethnic/national origin, gender, or sexual orientation.

146
Q

______ is a law enforcement led strategy whereby local police direct intensive patrols to specific geographic areas with high rates of gun-related incidents of violence.

A

gun interdiction

147
Q

Targeting the activity, not the individual, is an example of:

A

effective responses to gun violence

148
Q

Graves recommends a _____ posture against officer-involved domestic abuse, emphasizing the agency’s commitment to maintaining community trust, discipline, and the like.

A

zero-tolerance

149
Q

According to the authors, children in violent homes face all of the following risks except:

A

being safe from abuse

150
Q

Targeting gun traffickers, teaching conflict resolution skills, and implementing gun buyback programs are all examples of:

A

limited-effectiveness response to gun violence.

151
Q

The causes of violence as described in the book include all of the following except:

A

family cohesiveness

152
Q

Strategies for general violence prevention include public dialogue and community mediation, corporate support for antiviolence projects, and addressing violence as a public health problem.What key partnership involves schools?

A

public dialogue and community mediation

153
Q

According to the text this type of violence prevention benefits from partnerships and problem solving effects

A

workplace violence

154
Q

The majority of sexual assaults are committed by:

A

individuals known to the victim

155
Q

In 1990, the Federal Hate Crime Statistics Act was passed, mandating that the Justice Department secure data on crimes related to religion, race, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. Although the laws vary considerably, the most common elements include all of the following except:

A

expanded criminal investigation strategies

Community Oriented Policing (1 decks)

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