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Differential Diagnosis > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

liver pain referral

A

R cervical/UT

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2
Q

lung pain referral

A

cervical

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3
Q

galbladder pain referral

A

R UQ, R scapular area

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4
Q

uterus and cervix pain referral

A

sacral region

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5
Q

melena

A

dark sticky feces containing partially digested blood. Can be from swallowing blood or following internal bleeding

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6
Q

laboratory test that would provide the most useful information about potential tissue injury?

A

prolonged coagulation times

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7
Q

increased serum ammonia

A

decreased level of consciousness, asterixis, impaired function of peripheral nerves

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8
Q

urologic pain to shoulder

A

distended kidney pushes on diaphgram; phrenic nerves share close connections to spinal cord with cervical plexus

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9
Q

common musculoskeletal symptoms associated with endocrine disorders

A

myalgia, carpal tunnel pain, periarthritis, adhesive capsulitis, proximal mm weakness

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10
Q

myxedema

A

swelling of skin and underlying tissues giving waxy consistency; form of hypothyroidism

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11
Q

3 most common symptoms of diabetes mellitus

A

polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia

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12
Q

cushing’s syndrome

A

hypercortisolism (gain weight); may present with decreased bone density, muscle wasting, slow healing rates; hypertension; easy bruising

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13
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

increases blood calcium; excessive production can produce pathological fractures

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14
Q

A1C levels

A

normal range is

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15
Q

grave’s disease

A

hyper-reflexia with decreased mm strength

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16
Q

fibromyalgia: type of disorder

A

neurosomatic disorder: deregulation of autonomic ns as it interfaces with neurohormonal system

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17
Q

shober’s sign

A

sign of ankylosing spondylitis: patient cannot flex lumbar spine

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18
Q

lhermitte’s sign

A

disc protrusion or multiple sclerosis

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19
Q

kaposi’s sacroma symptoms

A

purple red blotches or bumps on trunk or head

20
Q

AID’s dementia complex

A

altered mental status in HIV-infected patient

21
Q

beau’s lines

A

impaired nail formation; temporary cessation of cell division in nail matrix; could have systemic cause i.e. cancer

22
Q

diclofenac

A

NSAID: treat pain, migraines, arthritis

23
Q

painless enlarged skin lesion or lymph node in presence of immunosuppressant drugs

A

consider lymphoma

24
Q

most common sites of referred pain from systemic diseases

A

shoulder and back

25
Q

blumberg’s sign

A

rebound tenderness; may indicate peritonitis

26
Q

mcburney’s point

A

1/2 the distance from ASIS to umbilicus

27
Q

screening for cancer may be necessary for anyone with hip pain who is:

A

younger than 20, older than 50

28
Q

murphy’s sign

A

palpate under costal margin at mid-clavicular line; ask to inspirate: if painful then this suggests cholecystitis

29
Q

vascular disease that may refer pain to hip

A

aortic aneurysm: back pain may radiate to buttock, hip

30
Q

chest pain can be caused by trigger points of which muscle

A

SCOM

31
Q

malignant lump palpation

A

hard, immovable, nontender

32
Q

cardiac pain symptoms in women

A

unusual fatigue, shortness of breath, weakness, sleep disturbance

33
Q

organ systems that can cause simultaneous bilateral shoulder pain include:

A

heart

34
Q

risk for ectopic pregnancy (causing sudden onset of L shoulder pain)

A

young, sexually active, late period

35
Q

nixon’s percussion

A

test for spleen; midpoint between xiphoid and midaxillary line

36
Q

castell’s percussion

A

spleen: anterior axillary line at 8th/9th intercostal

37
Q

well’s algorithm

A

greater than or equal to 2: DVT likely

38
Q

carcinoma

A

cancer of epithelial tissues (account for 85% of all cancers); malignant

39
Q

sarcoma

A

cancer of connective tissue, fleshy growth

40
Q

three most common skin cancers

A

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

41
Q

classic migraine

A

preceded by aura, visual changes

42
Q

common migraine

A

not preceded by aura

43
Q

aneurysmal rupture (headache)

A

rapid onset of headache, loss of consciousness, nuchal rigidity

44
Q

horner’s syndrome

A

ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis

45
Q

immediate referral

A 
acute hernia
ectopic pregnancy
dissecting aneurysm
unstable angina, serious arrhythmia
suicide risk
loss of body function, cauda equina
black starry stools
acute increase in HTN
ectopic pregnancy
temporal arteritis

Differential Diagnosis (1 decks)

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