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FOOD SCIENCE > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

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1
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

weak; connecting hydrogen from one water molecule to the oxygen of another

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2
Q

Glycosidic bond

A

carbohydrates; connects a monosaccharide to another monosaccharide

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3
Q

peptide bond

A

proteins; connects an amino acid to another amino acid

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4
Q

carboxyl group

A

lipids; connects the glycerol ‘backbone’ to the fatty acid

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5
Q

Carbohydrate subsections incude….

A

fiber, sugars, and starch

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6
Q

sugars can be…

A

monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides

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7
Q

monosaccharides

A

glucose, galactose, and fructose

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8
Q

disaccharides

A

sucrose (glucose and fructose) lactose (glucose and galactose) maltose (glucose and glucose)

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9
Q

Amylose

A

linear structure of starch

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10
Q

Amylopectin

A

branched structure of starch

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11
Q

pH levels are determined by what

A

the number of hydroxide and hydronium ions

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12
Q

more hydronium (H3O) ions means the pH is

A

acidic

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13
Q

more hydroxide (OH) ions means the pH is

A

basic

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14
Q

pH scale is

A

0-14

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15
Q

pH of 0-6 means

A

acidic

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16
Q

pH of 7

A

neutral

17
Q

pH of 8-14

A

basic

18
Q

Maillard Browning

A

reaction of simple sugars and amino acid

19
Q

Caramelization

A

high heat degradation of simple sugars

20
Q

Amphoteric

A

means the protein may act as an acid or a base

21
Q

denaturation

A

any change in the structure of a protein

22
Q

when water becomes a gas it…

A

breaks all hydrogen bonds

23
Q

retrogradation

A

crystallization of a starch gel during storage

24
Q

what elements combine to make carbohydrates?

A

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

25
Q

what is necessary to convert starch molecules to the SOL state

A

water and heat

26
Q

when water can be extracted, it is called

A

free water

27
Q

a molecule with polar covalent bonding will have a partial overall charge due to large differences in ________ of the bonded atoms

A

electronegativity

28
Q

what can NOT be considered as a primary quality attribute of food

A

Viscosity

29
Q

an atom needs how many electrons on its outer level?

A

8

FOOD SCIENCE (1 decks)

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