Final Flashcards

1
Q

Ad populum fallacy

A

Erroneously basing a claim on popular opinion

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2
Q

anchor

A

in social judgement theory, this is the pre existing attitude on an issue that serves as a reference point

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3
Q

antithesis

A

a sentence composed of two parts with parallel structure but opposite meaning to create impact

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4
Q

burden of proof

A

the obligation of those making a claim to present compelling evidence and reasoning to support the claim

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5
Q

cliche

A

a once-vivid expression that has been overused to the point of seeming commonplace

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6
Q

cognitive dissonance

A

the unpleasant feeling produced by apparent inconsistency in ideas, beliefs, or opinions; holding two contradictory cognitions simultaneously and feeling comfortable when this is pointed out to you

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7
Q

commencement address

A

an inspirational speech that occurs at graduation ceremonies

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8
Q

confirmation bias

A

the tendency to seek information that supports one’s beliefs and to ignore information that contradicts those beliefs

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9
Q

cynicism

A

nay-saying, fault-finding, and ridiculing the beliefs of others; often confused with skepticism

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10
Q

dynamism

A

the enthusiasm, energy, and forcefulness exhibited by a speaker

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11
Q

euphemism

A

an indirect or vague word or phrase used to numb us to or conceal unpleasant or offensive realities

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12
Q

fallacy

A

any error unreasoning and evidence that may deceive your audience

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13
Q

Jargon

A

the specialize language of a profession, trade, or group

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14
Q

refutation

A

answering opposing arguments

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15
Q

syllogism

A

in formal logic the basic structure of an argument which includes a major premise, minor premise, and conclusion from these two premises

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16
Q

skepticism

A

a process of inquiry whereby claims are evaluated by engaging in a rigorous examination of evidence and reasoning used to support those claims

17
Q

Ad hominem fallacy

A

A personal attack on the messenger to avoid the message; a diversionary tactic that is irrelevant to the primary message