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Integ > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for massage?

A 
Relive pain
Relax 
Inc circulation 
Dec edema
Inc mobility
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2
Q

Contraindications of massage?

A 
Conditions spread by massage
Internal bleeding
Acute inflam- RA exacerbate 
Circulatory condition 
Pitting edema
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3
Q

Precautions of massage?

A

Abnl sensation
Instability
Hygiene

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4
Q

Psychological effects of massage?

A

Build trust
Relax
Convey feeling

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5
Q

Mechanical effects of massage?

A 
Assist venous return 
Encourage lymphatic flow 
Dec edema
Dec scar
Stretch tissue
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6
Q

Physiological effects of massage?

A

Metabolic balance

Prevent venous statsis- prevent edema

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7
Q

Reflex effects of massage?

A 
Vasodilation/ vasoconstrict 
General relaxation or general  stimulation
Goose bumps
Stim endorphins and endogenous 
Psychoneuroimmunological
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8
Q

What is the function of effleurage?

A

Glide over skin over subcutaneous and mm as a whole

Assessment, begin and end massage, mobilize skin, transitional stroke

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9
Q

Types of effleurage

A

Long or vertical
Horizontal
Shingling

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10
Q

NeuromuscuLar techniques are

A

Compression - constant pressure
Petrissage- c kneading
Stripping or knuckling-

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11
Q

CT technique are

A

skin rolling- lift, wave like normalize particular area
Friction-circular ( spiral inc in depth), transvere ( on adhesions), cross friction( itis, Inc release of histamine)
MFR

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12
Q

What does MFR do to surrounding area?

A

Relax surrounding area to allow full joint motion

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13
Q

Goals of mfr are?

A

Restore functional balance
Dec symptoms
Inc tissue rom store quality and quantity
Normalize show absorption

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14
Q

What is the superifical or subcutaneous layer of skin?

A

Undersurface of skin, loose, fat Cells, blood vessels

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15
Q

What is the deep layer of the skin?

A

Compartmentilze mm

Seperate and contour filled to allow movement of one layer to another

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16
Q

What is the subserous layer of skin?

A

Lubricants viscera

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17
Q

The function of MFR includes

A 
Support 
Mvmt
Stability 
Fluids 
Receptors
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18
Q

The pathway of injury to tissues

A

Inflam change tissue texture
Bio mechanical changes
Immunological change were scars interfere with function

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19
Q

Direct technique is

A

Push in direction of restrictions.

For acute injuries

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20
Q

Indirect technique is

A

Find restrictions push in opposite directions

Chronic injury

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21
Q

What a intrinsic forces?

A

What the pt puts out

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22
Q

What are extrinsic forces?

A

What PT puts out

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23
Q

What is the release phenomenon technique?

A

Move in or away from restrictions.

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24
Q

What is the testing hand.

A

Hand doing the work

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25
Q

What is the assisting hand?

A

Support from distance away from pt

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26
Q

What is ease technique?

A

Direction of least resistance

Indirect

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27
Q

What is bind technique?

A

Direction of resistance

Direct

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28
Q

What is pathway of treatment ?

A

Assessment- locate restriction, end feel, fine tune, clock method
Application of load
pt enhanced
Exercise to reinforce release, strengthen in new rom

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29
Q

What is the stroke techniques for treatment pathway ?

A 
Skin glide/ finger glide
Bony contours with finger glide
Sustain pressure for 30 secs
Sustain pressure by lengthening/ shortening 
Unlock spiral 
Direct oscillation 
Indirect oscillation
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30
Q

Indications for hand wrist finger massage

A 
Carpal tunnel
Tendonitis - golfer and tennis elbow, duquerivers 
Adhesion or contracture 
Amputation
OA and RA
Overuse 
Fx
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31
Q

Contraindications for hand wrist finger massage

A 
Open wound 
Unsealed fx
Tendon repair
Tumor
Infection 
RA
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32
Q

Forearm wrist flexors

A

Flexor capri radialis and ulnaris

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33
Q

Forearm wrist extension

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis, and ulnaris

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34
Q

Forearm finger flexors

A

Flexor digitorium, superficials, profundus

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35
Q

Forearm finger extensors

A

Extensor digitorium

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36
Q

Intrinsic hand mm

A

Thenar, hypothenar
Dorsal and palmar interossie
Lumbricals

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37
Q

Positing for hand, wrist, forearm massage

A

Sitting with hand supported by pillow, don’t jab shoulder

Supine pillow under head and knee, arm straight in air, Dec edema

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38
Q

Hand wrist, forearm massage intervention

A

1 pulse
2 open
3 middle
4 close

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39
Q

What is in the opening of the hand, wrist, forearm massage?

A

Below elbow to shoulder- effleurage and petrissage of biceps and triceps
Finger tip to elbow- effleurage distal to prox

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40
Q

What is in the middle of the hand, wrist, forearm massage?

A

Forearm to wrist to hand
MFR- finger glide
Effleurage- wrist to elbow, finger to elbow, finger to wrist
Petrissage- midforearm up ext and flexors
Friction- medial lateral and ant post each finger, tendons, bellies, webspace, Mtc
Webspace
Rom
Stretch and close arches
Mobilize mcp
Radius
Ulnar

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41
Q

What is in the closing of the hand, wrist, forearm massage?

A

Elbow to shoulder, finger tips to elbow

Fingertips to shoulder

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42
Q

MFR provides?

A 
Mechanical and elastic
Tension regulator
Support and protect restraint
Lubrication and spaces
Continuum
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43
Q

If the fascia is injured result in?

A

Scarring
Neuro flexible response
Functional loss

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44
Q

What is a trigger point?

A

Hyper irritable spot

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45
Q

What is a primary trigger point?m

A

Causes pain when palpation or pass over it

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46
Q

What is the secondary trigger point?

A

All of a sudden find it and cause pain,

Need to find primary cause

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47
Q

What is treatment for increase mm tone?

A

MFR strumming or constant pressure

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48
Q

How to treat mm play?

A

MFR strumming or perpendicular mobilization

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49
Q

What is the technique for MFR stroke of strumming?

A 
Finger with heal of hand 
Apply perpendicular pressure 
Stay in contact as glide
Horizontal( superifical) vs vertical( deep)
Respiration assist from pt
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50
Q

What is the function of strumming?

A

Assessing restriction identification of mm tone

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51
Q

What is the function of perpendicular mobilization?

A

Assess mm play and edges in relation to surrounding tissue

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52
Q

What is the technique for perpendicular mobilization?

A 
Perpendicular pressure 
Identify restriction 
Assist hand places tissue on slack 
Continuous pressure 
Respiration assist
53
Q

What are indications for CS and TS massage?

A 
Upper cross syndrome
CS pain
Facet joint problem
Healed fx 
Post op
Lig sprain
OA 
Rib dysfunction
Whip lash 
Mm strain
FHP
H/A 
Herniation
Scolosis 
TMJ
54
Q

What are contraindications for CS and TS massage?

A 
Acute whiplash
Unhealed fx
Active Potts disease- Tb
Anklyosing spondylitis 
Mi 
Cancer
55
Q

What are the mm for CS and TS massage?

A

Subocciptial
Intertransveri,
Semi spinalis, thoracis, cerivus, capitus, rotators, thoracis
Erector spinae
Serratus posterior superior
Levator scap, mid trap, upper trap, scalene, Scm
Lower trap, rhomboid, latts, rtc

56
Q

What is the primary position for CS and TS massage?

A

Prone with pillows in neutral LS, under ankles, towel roll under acromion
Sheets over sacrum to CS, over legs

57
Q

What is the secondary position for CS and TS massage?

A

Seated in 45 pillow under face and knees

Sit over table and head comfortable on table with pillow for support

58
Q

What is the opening for CS and TS massage?

A

Sacrum to base of occiput
Superifical to deep figure 8
Up center down and out
Atleast three

59
Q

What is the middle for CS and TS massage?

A

MFR- finger glides
Effleurage- shingles, long effleurage, figure 8, horizontal
Petrissage- erector spinae and traps different fibers
Friction- around scapula, base of occiput, paraspinalis cervical and thoracic, traps, rhomboidas, btwn ribs
Mfr- constant pressure, strumming, perpendicular mob, skin rolling, stripping, stretching

60
Q

What is the closing for CS and TS massage?

A

Whole back: sacrum to occiput

61
Q

What is the definition of massage?

A

Manipulation of soft tissue

NS, MM, circulation

62
Q

What is lymphedema?

A

Abnormal accumulation of protein rich fluid I’m interstitum

63
Q

What is lymphedema fluid made of?

A 
Protein 
Water
Rbc, wbc
Lymphocytes
Waste products 
Foreign substances
Fat
64
Q

What is the function of the nodes?

A

Filter station for noxious material
Produce lymphocytes
Regulate amount of protein

65
Q

What does the sub mental water shed drain?

A

Under chin

Drain lower lip, gums, tip of tongue,chin

66
Q

What does the submandibular water shed drain?

A

Under mandible

Drain lips, external cheeks, medial eyelid, teeth, gum,tongue, floor of mouth, cheek mucosa

67
Q

What does the perauricular water shed drain?

A 
Front of ear
Parotid gland
Front ear 
Nasal root
Lateral eye lid
68
Q

What does the retroauricular water shed drain?

A 
Behind ear
Ear
Posterior surface 
Scalp 
Middle ear
69
Q

What does the occiput water shed drain?

A

In trap

Posterior and base of neck

70
Q

What does the cervical water shed drain?

A 
In Scm 
Ear
Parotid gland 
Jack angle
Neck 
Base of head 
Tonsils
71
Q

What does the axillary water shed drain?

A

In armpit
Ue
Upper trunk quadrant
Mammary gland

72
Q

What does the pectoral water shed drain?

A

Mammary gland

Lateral quadrant

73
Q

What does the cubital water shed drain?

A

Forearm

Hand

74
Q

What does the lumbar water shed drain?

A

Testicles/ ovaries
Uterus
Kidney
Adrenal gland

75
Q

What does the iliac water shed drain?

A 
Inguninal 
Bladder
Prostate
Uterus 
Upper vagina
76
Q

What does the superifical inguinal water shed drain?

A 
Below naval 
Lumbar
Glutes
Perineum 
External genetial 
Low extremity
77
Q

What does the popliteal water shed drain?

A

Lower leg

78
Q

How does the body transport the lymph?

A

Intrinsic contraction
Respiration
Venous and arterial pulse
Skeletal mm movement

79
Q

What is primary lymphedema caused by?

A

Mechanical insufficiency of lymphatic system

Female

80
Q

What does praecox mean?

A

Before 35

81
Q

What does tarda mean?

A

After 35

82
Q

What is hypoplasia?

A

Most common

Less than normal number of lymph node or insufficient

83
Q

What is hyperplasia?

A

Vessel excessively dilated causing to be less function

D/t vascular dysfunction

84
Q

What is aplasia?

A

Absence of lymph nodes or lymph node capillary

Combo with hypoplasia

85
Q

What is inguinal nodes fibrosis ( kinmoutn syndrome)?

A

Fibrosis, fibrosclerosis, fatty degeneration or morphological changes to iliac and inguinal lymph nodes
Always LE

86
Q

What is milroys disease( type 1 congenital)?

A

Affect at birth
Male
One LE

87
Q

What is meiges syndrome ( type 2 no congenital)?

A

During puberty
Female
LE
Fusion of two toes, 2 rows of eyelashes, nearsighted, yellow nails, vertebral abnormalities, cerebrovascualr malformations, cleft palate, sensory loss

88
Q

What is secondary lymphedema?

A 
Surgery
Radiation
Trauma
Cancer
Parasite
Infection
Obesity 
Self induced
Benign
Malignant
89
Q

What are the symptoms of lymphedema?

A 
Slow onset, progressive
Pitting
Distally 
Limb feel heavy, tight, fatigue
Inc risk of infection
Hyper keratosis( thickening of skin) 
Papilloma ( extra growth) 
Inc fatty tissue 
Fibrotic changes
90
Q

What are the stages of lymphedema?

A

0- latent
1- reversible
2- spontaneously reversible
3- lymphostais elephantiasis

91
Q

What is the latent stage of lymphedema?

A

No visible palpable edema

92
Q

What is reversible lymphedema?

A

Pitting edema
Dec with elevation
No fibrosis

93
Q

What is spontaneously reversible lymphedema?

A

Pit it g becomes progressive

Fibrosis sets in

94
Q

What is lymphostais elephantiasis?

A

No pitting
Significant skin changes
Severe fibrosis

95
Q

What are complications of lymphedema?

A 
Progressive
Inc risk of infection
Inc risk of open wounds
Hyperkeratosis 
Fungal infection 
Lymph fistulas
Lymph cysts
Lymph varicosity 
Radiation fibrosis
96
Q

What is lipedema?

A 
Women 
(B) symmetric swelling from iliac crest to ankle 
Streamers positive
No cellulitis 
Painful palpation 
Easily bruise
97
Q

What are the characteristics of venous edema,?

A

Hemosiden staining
Fibrous of subcutaneous tissue
Atrophic skin

98
Q

What is phase one ( daily) of lymphedema treatment?

A 
Manual lymphatic draining
Compression bandage
Skincare
Remedial exercises
Pt educate on self care
99
Q

What is phase two ( maintenance) phase of lymphedema?m

A

Compression garment during day
Self bandage at night
Skin care- low ph
Daily remedial exercise- inc mm pump, inc venous return
Self mld daily- inc resorption of protein, re route to healthy, diuretic effect, breakdown fibrotic area

100
Q

What are the goals of lymphedema treatment?

A 
Volume reduction 
Improve integ
Infection prevention 
Improve psychosocial 
Improve functional mobility
101
Q

What are contraindication of lymphedema treatment?

A 
Acute infection 
Cardiac edema
Malignant disease
Renal dysfunction 
Acute dvt
Arterial disorders
Acute chf
Htn
102
Q

What are indications of anterior trunk massages?

A 
Postural dysfunction
Whiplash
Open heart surgery 
Pulmonary disease
Breast cancer
Scolosis 
Shoulder injury 
Healed rib fracture 
Thoracic outlet syndrome
103
Q

What are contraindications for anterior trunk massage?

A

Costochondritis
Rib fx unhealed
Positional for pregnancy
Mi

104
Q

Muscles of the neck involved in an anterior trunk massage include

A

Longus colli
Scm
All scale es

105
Q

Muscles of the trunk involved in an anterior trunk massage include

A 
Pec major and minor 
Coricobrachialis
Internal and external obliques 
Levator costae
Abdominal 
Internal and external intercostals
Diaphragm 
Ilicostalis
106
Q

Mm of the shoulder that are involved in an anterior trunk massage include

A

Subscap

Serratus anterior

107
Q

What this the position for an anterior trunk massage?

A 
Supine
Less amount of pillows 
Pillow under knees 
towel over legs 
Cover chest when needed
108
Q

What strokes are involved in an anterior trunk massage?

A 
Raking
Friction
Effleurage
Skin slides
Finger glide
Bony contours
109
Q

What are some indications for foot and ankle?

A 
Sprain
Plantar fasciitis 
Fractures 
Tendinitis 
Surgery 
Shin splints 
Compartment syndrome 
Osteomyelitis 
Crushing injuries
AChilles rupture 
Bursitis
Heel spur
110
Q

What are contraindications of foot and ankle?

A

CHF
Phlebitis-> dvt
Tumor
Open wound

111
Q

Anterior mm of ankle and foot

A

Quad
Hamstring
Adductors
Tfl

112
Q

Posterior foot and ankle mm

A 
Gastroc 
Soleus 
Post tib
Flexor hallicus longus 
Flexor digitorium longus
113
Q

Anterior calf mm for foot and ankle massage

A

Ant tib
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorium longus and brevis

114
Q

Lateral mm for foot and ankle.

A

Perineal longus and brevis

115
Q

Intrinsic mm of foot and ankle

A 
Flexor digitorum brevis 
Abductor digiti minimi
Abductor hallicus 
Adductor hallicus 
Interossi
Lumbricals
116
Q

What is the primary position of the foot and ankle massage

A

Supine

Pillow under foot, head and heel off table

117
Q

What is the secondary position of foot and ankle massage

A

Under ankle and stomach

118
Q

What is skin rolling?

A

Walk finger up back and drag thumbs behind

119
Q

What is skin pulling?

A

Pinch and move in all directions

120
Q

What are indications for thoracic lumbar massage?

A 
Post surgery 
LBP
Facet joint fracture 
Postural dysfunction
Degenerative disc disease 
Nerve impingement
121
Q

What are contraindications of thoracic lumbar massage

A 
Tumor 
Chf 
Fracture 
Cancer 
Internal bleeding
122
Q

What are the deep segmental mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Interspinalis

Intertransversi

123
Q

What are the deep transverse mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Semispinalis
Rotators
Multifidis

124
Q

What are the intermediate mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Erector spinae
Ilicostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

125
Q

What are the extrinsic intermediate mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Serratus posterior

126
Q

What are the extrinsic superficial mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Quadratus lumborum
Abductors
Latts

127
Q

What are the hip and pelvis mm for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Glute max
Piriformis
Iliopsoas

128
Q

What is the primary position for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Pillow under abs, ankle, acromion, horse shoe for head

129
Q

What is the secondary position for the thoracic lumbar massage

A

Pillows under the knee, belly, neutral head, hug pillow

Integ (1 decks)

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