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US Govt > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

How do Highest Ranking bureaucrats get their jobs?

A

Patronage - Government job via appointment

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2
Q

How do rank and file bureaucrats get their jobs?

A

They obtain their jobs via the office of personnel management (OPM).

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3
Q

Spoils System

A

Government job based on political connections

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4
Q

Iron Triangles

A

A three way alliance among legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups.

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5
Q

Issue Networks

A

Less structured than iron triangles and less interdependent but often involve more players

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6
Q

Iron triangle members

A

Legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups

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7
Q

Issue Network members

A

Legislative staff members, interest group leaders, bureaucrats, the media, and scholars. known as “experts”

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8
Q

Think Tank

A

Corporate funded group of experts

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9
Q

Whistleblowers

A

federal employees who report on gross government inefficiency, illegal activities, or other wrongdoing.

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10
Q

Chief Performance officer

A

Reports directly to the president and works with other economic officials in an attempt to increase efficiency and eliminate waste in government

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11
Q

Privatization

A

Which means turning over certain types of government work to the private sector.

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12
Q

Neutral Competency

A

The application of technical skills to their jobs without regard to political issues.

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13
Q

Rulemaking

A

Rules based on substantial evidence and are not arbitratoy or capricious.

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14
Q

Sunshine laws

A

require government meetings to be open to the public, have been enacted at all levels of government

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15
Q

Internet

A

Government agencies have attempted to improve their effectiveness and efficiency by making use of the internet.

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16
Q

Bureaucracy

A

A large complex administrative organization that is structured hierarchically in a pyramid like fashion.

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17
Q

Specialization

A

A bureaucratic form of organization allows each person to concentrate on his or her area of knowledge and expertise.

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18
Q

Executive departments

A

State, Treasury, Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportations, Energy, Education, Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security.

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19
Q

Common Law

A

A body of general rules - from the principles underlying judges decision in actual controversies.

20
Q

Stare Decisis

A

The practice of deciding new cases with reference to former decisions

21
Q

Constitutional Law

A

Consists of the rights and duties set forth in the federal and state constitutions

22
Q

Statutory Law

A

Refers to the body of law enacted by legislatures

23
Q

Administrative Law

A

Consists of the rules, orders, and decisions of administrative agencies.

24
Q

Case Law

A

Consists of the rules of law announced in court decisions

25
Q

Civil Law

A

Spells out the duties that individuals in society owe to other persons or to their governments, excluding the duty not to commit crimes

26
Q

Criminal Law

A

Has to do with wrongs committed against the public as a whole.

27
Q

Jurisdiction

A

The power to “speak the law” is the authority of a court to hear and decide a particular case

28
Q

Standing to sue

A

sufficient “stake” in the matter, meaning they must have suffered a harm or been threatened with a harm by the action at issue. And the issue must be justicable.

29
Q

Justiciable Controversy

A

is one that is real and substantial, as opposed to hypothetical or academic.

30
Q

Original jurisdiction

A

considered questions of fact

31
Q

Federal Trial Courts

A

These are the courts in which cases involving federal law begin.

32
Q

Number of Judicial districts

A

94

33
Q

Three courts of the Federal Court System

A

U.S. District Courts

U.S. Courts of Appeals

U.S. Supreme Court

34
Q

Appellate courts

A

A panel of three judges who do not hear evidence or testimony, rather they review the transcript of the trial courts proceedings and attorneys arguments as to why the trial courts decision should or should not stand.

35
Q

U.S. Supreme Court

A

Only court created in Article 3 of the Constitution. Congress empowered to create additional “inferior” courts as it deems necessary. Consists of 9 justices.

36
Q

Writ of certiorari

A

an order that the supreme court issues to a lower court requesting the latter to send it the record of the case in question. The court will not issue a writ unless at least 4 of the justices approve.

37
Q

Justices Opinions in supreme court

A

The courts decision in a particular case is based on the written record of the case and the written arguments that the attorneys submit. Majority writes opinion on case and others may write concurring or dissenting opinions.

38
Q

Borking

A

A special interest group attempting to block Supreme Court nominee

39
Q

Judicial review

A

federal judiciary can exercise a check on the actions of either of the other branches

40
Q

Significance of Marbury v. Madison

A

Resulted in the Supreme court establishing its function for judicial review as well as ordering the writ of mandamus meaning “we order” or “we demand”

41
Q

Four stages of Policymaking process

A

1 Issue Identification and Agenda Setting
2 Policy Formulation and Adoption
3 Policy Implementation
4 Policy Evaluation

42
Q

Controversy around Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

A

Allegedly ignored the will of the people
Started with considerable support but by 2010 had lost much of its support. Senate passed the bill without changes to avoid a second committee and there have been allegations that the reform legislation was unconstitutional.

43
Q

Departments involved in foreign policy

A

Department of State
Department of Defense
National Security Council
Central Intelligence Agency

44
Q

Important Eras in US Foreign Policy

A

The World Wars

The Cold War

45
Q

Four components of bureaucracy

A

Executive Departments

Independent Executive Agencies

Independent Regulatory Agencies

Government Corporations

US Govt (1 decks)

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