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Bio 301 Final Exam > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

An early feminist important in advancing the birth control movement in the United States was

A

Margaret Sanger

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2
Q

_______ and _______ are the most popular reversible contraceptive methods in use.

A

The pill; condoms

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3
Q

A disadvantage of male condoms is that they

A

may reduce erotic sensation

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4
Q

Diaphragms are dome-shaped pieces of latex or rubber designed to cover the

A

cervix

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5
Q

A site of action for combination pills other than the brain is the

A

uterus

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6
Q

Progestin-only pills

A

causes cervical mucus to be thick

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7
Q

Contraceptives such as _______ allow hormones to enter the body via intramuscular injections

A

Depo-Provera

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8
Q

The vasectomy procedure involves cutting the

A

vas deferens

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9
Q

_______ abortions physically remove the fetus from the uterus, whereas _______ abortions use drugs that cause the death and expulsion of the fetus

A

Surgical; medical

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10
Q

The main mechanism of action of emergency contraception is prevention of:

A

ovulation

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11
Q

Of the many steps that a couple can take to maximize their chances for conceiving, the most important is

A

timing coitus with ovulation

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12
Q

Pregnancy tests detect the presence of _______ in the mother’s blood or urine

A

hCG

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a cause of insufficient or defective sperm?

A

Masturbation once per week

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14
Q

Children born of older mothers are more likely to be affected by _______ syndrome

A

Down

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15
Q

Most mothers experience _______ as the easiest time in terms of pregnancy/childbirth.

A

the second trimester

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16
Q

The procedure in which a thin needle is inserted into the sac that holds a fetus to sample fluid containing fetal cells is called

A

amniocentesis

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17
Q

Quickening occurs during

A

the middle of the second trimester

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18
Q

The effect of contractions during the first stage of labor is to _______, leading to _______.

A

pull up on the cervix; effacement

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19
Q

The primary component of breast milk by volume is

A

water

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20
Q

Milk production is triggered by _______ and maintained by _______

A

prolactin; mechanical stimulation

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21
Q

Children who are victims of sexual abuse are at risk for developing _______ disorder, one aspect of which is the phenomenon of _______.

A

post-traumatic stress; dissociation

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22
Q

Loftus’s work suggests that false memories are most easily inculcated when the source of the information is _______ and the subject is interviewed _______.

A

authoritative; repeatedly

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23
Q

Adults have very _______ memories of their childhood sexuality

A

limited

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24
Q

Children who play “doctor” _______ compared to those who do not

A

are no more likely to be maladjusted as teenagers

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25
Q

Children who are sexually abused by adults are at risk for developing

A

post-traumatic stress disorder

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26
Q

A factor that is associated with early initiation of sexual behavior is

A

having an older partner

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27
Q

By the age of 17 years, over half of all U.S. teens have tried

A

oral sex

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28
Q

The developed country with the highest rate of teen births is

A

the United States

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29
Q

A number of studies have suggested that older people who engage in frequent sex

A

live longer

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30
Q

The gay rights movement began in

A

Germany

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31
Q

The first enduring American gay rights organization was the

A

Mattachine Society

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32
Q

The initial public response to _______ was to dismiss it as the “gay disease.”

A

AIDS

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33
Q

LeVay reported that

A

INAH3 is larger in straight men than gay men

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34
Q

A late nineteenth-century development that unintentionally promoted the identifiable homosexual identity was

A

companionate marriage

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35
Q

The notion of gender invert describes

A

homosexual men that were like women and homosexual women that were like men

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36
Q

Many gays find the _______ phase of coming out, in which he/she _______, to be the most difficult

A

first; accepts his/her own orientation

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37
Q

“Teahouse” encounters occur in

A

public toilets

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38
Q

Women’s ratings of the attractiveness of male bodies are most influenced by _____ and ______.

A

hand size; foot size

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39
Q

People who do not experience sexual arousal are termed

A

asexual

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40
Q

Homophile includes all of the following traits except

A

eye color

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41
Q

Women’s perceived physical attractiveness increases the period around

A

ovulation

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42
Q

women fantasize more than men about

A

getting married

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43
Q

The best description of physiological aspects of the sexual response cycle was developed by

A

Masters and Johnson

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44
Q

The _________ phase is marked by thickening of the walls of the outer vagina

A

plateau

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45
Q

The _______ occurs when physiological signs of arousal reverse themselves

A

resolution

46
Q

Refractory periods in college age men typically last between

A

30-90 minutes

47
Q

Women are most likely to engage in sex outside of their relationship when they are

A

ovulating

48
Q

____ is oral stimulation of the penis

A

Fellatio

49
Q

Although there are many positions for coitus, the ____ position is the traditional favorite of Americans

A

man-above

50
Q

Two common devices, or sex toys, that may be used to enhance sexual pleasure are ____ and ____

A

vibrators; dildos

51
Q

The Kama Sutra is best known for detailed description of

A

coital positions

52
Q

_____ is the number one disability affecting sexual behavior

A

arthritis

53
Q

Sodomy is a(n)

A

obsolete term for anal sex

54
Q

According to NHSLS data, which of the following individuals would be most likely to masturbate:

A

A single, college-educated, young white gay man

55
Q

Penetration of the vagina by a penis is called

A

coitus

56
Q

Gender constancy is evident to children between _______ of age

A

3-4 years

57
Q

Most children can identify their own sex by _____ of age

A

2-3 years

58
Q

By _____ of age, sex differences in toy preference emerge

A

18 months

59
Q

Which of the following groups would be most likely to agree with the statement “I would have sex only if I was in love”?

A

Women

60
Q

Concerning sexual behavior, the most pronounced difference between men and women is that men ______ than women

A

are more likely to masturbate

61
Q

Women outperform men on tests of

A

fine manipulation of objects

62
Q

Girls with CAH are exposed to high levels of androgens secreted by the

A

adrenal glands

63
Q

Biological markers of prenatal androgen exposure include

A

2D:4D finger ratio

64
Q

The gene MAOA helps to regulate the levels of the neurotransmitters _____ and _____

A

dopamine; serotonin

65
Q

_________ is a transexual pioneer from the 1950s

A

George Jorgensen

66
Q

Regardless of a man’s weight, women are most attracted to men with a waist-to-hip ratio of

A

0.9

67
Q

What is the term for internal mental processes that promote sexual arousal via imagined sexual experiences during wake hours?

A

sexual fantasies

68
Q

Being close to a person during _____ makes it less likely that one will be sexually attracted to that person in adult life

A

childhood

69
Q

Male animals that have just mated are more likely to mate again when they

A

have a new partner to mate with

70
Q

The _________ phase is marked by erection of the clitoris and increased heart rate

A

excitement

71
Q

Boston Marriage

A

cohabitation of two women in 19th century New England

72
Q

“Coming Out” stages

A

1) coming out to one’s self
2) coming out to others
3) joining a gay or lesbian community
4) integrating the gay identity into other aspects of life

73
Q

necrophilia

A

sexual fixation on a corpse

74
Q

Origins of sexual difficulties

A

Physiological factors
Cultural influences
Individual factors
Relationship factors

75
Q

Erectile Dysfunction occurs in _____ in ______ men over the age of 20

A

1 in 5

76
Q

3 types of stalking

A

1) intimate partner stalking
2) delusional stalking
3) grudge stalking

77
Q

Common objects of fetishism include

A

feet, shoes, lingerie

78
Q

Meg W. is sexually aroused while whipping Mark S. and Mark is aroused while being whipped. Meg is a ______ and Mark is a ______.

A

sadist; masochist

79
Q

Megan’s Law is directed specifically at

A

sexual offenders against children

80
Q

The observation in one study that 18.5% of paraphiliacs have first-degree relatives who are also paraphiliacs suggests that the condition may be

A

partially heritable

81
Q

_______ is the term commonly used for the entire collection of bondage, discipline, and sadomasochism

A

BDSM

82
Q

Canada’s age-of-consent for sexual relationships is _______ years.

A

16

83
Q

The age of legal consent for sexual relations in the United States ranges from _______ years.

A

16 to 18

84
Q

Among castrated sex offenders, approximately _______% reoffend.

A

1 to 7

85
Q

Which of the following is not a common sexual problem in women?

A

premature orgasm

86
Q

As men age, they are increasingly likely to experience

A

erectile dysfunction

87
Q

Injection of _______ directly into the penis produces an erection within minutes

A

prostaglandin

88
Q

Sensate focus is a sex therapy technique that begins with

A

touching exercises

89
Q

_______ is the neurotransmitter that is primarily responsible for penile erection

A

Nitric oxide

90
Q

Masters and Johnson believed that premature ejaculation resulted from

A

learning

91
Q

Insufficient vaginal lubrication in postmenopausal women often responds to _______ treatment

A

hormonal

92
Q

Which of the following has caused the decline in popularity of penile implants?

A

The advent of effective drug treatments

93
Q

Treatment with testosterone is effective for _______ with hypoactive sexual desire

A

Both women and hypogonadal men

94
Q

Sarah had sex with a man she met at a bar a week ago. Sarah is now experiencing a yellow discharge from her vagina and bleeding during coitus. Sarah may have contracted

A

Gonorrhea

95
Q

The first sign of infection with syphilis is

A

Chancre

96
Q

Herpes simplex 1 and 2 are infections caused by

A

viruses

97
Q

The sexual behaviors that carry the greatest risk for contracting HIV are unprotected _______ and _______

A

coitus; anal sex

98
Q

The type of condom that provides the best protection against STDs is

A

made of latex

99
Q

HAART is an acronym for medication provided to people infected with

A

HIV

100
Q

Oral sex is a _______ behavior in terms of contracting HIV

A

moderate risk

101
Q

In comparisons of the histories of syphilis and AIDS, which of the following is false?

A

Both diseases are now curable

102
Q

The organisms known as “crabs” that may infest the pubic region are actually a species of

A

louse

103
Q

Persons with genital herpes are most infectious during the period from the time _______ until _______.

A

of first symptoms; sores are dry and crusted over

104
Q

The fact that men mostly rape women who are young and fertile supports the _______ view of why people rape.

A

evolutionary

105
Q

In the 1970s, feminists proposed the view that

A

rapists are motivated by the wish to exert power over women

106
Q

_______ stalking is not typically sexual in nature

A

grudge

107
Q

During the _______ phase of intimate partner violence, the perpetrator is apologetic

A

reconciliation

108
Q

According to a study conducted at the University of Cincinnati, a college campus with 10,000 female students would see at least _______ completed or attempted rapes annually.

A

350

109
Q

In the first 2 weeks after being raped, _______% of women have symptoms of rape trauma syndrome.

A

94

110
Q

ovulation may serve to reduce the frequency of rape by making it less _______ in reproductive terms

A

profitable

111
Q

The most common type of stalking is

A

intimate partner stalking

112
Q

The rape trauma syndrome suffered by women after a sexual assault resembles

A

post-traumatic stress disorder

Bio 301 Final Exam (1 decks)

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