Final Flashcards
What are the two stages of cognitive development that involve elementary aged students?
Formal operations
Concrete operations
What is concrete operations?
Students need kinesthetics, not able to think in the abstract
What is formal operations?
Students can think about what ifs, can apply learning to real life situations
How do you determine what stage of cognitive development a student is in?
Watch how they solve problems
Who were the two behavioral theorists?
Skinner
Pavlov
What theorist was a humanist?
Maslow
What are defencicy needs?
Food, water, air, feeling of safety, self esteem
What is a being need?
Self actualization (calling in life, what you’re good at)
Theorist that invented psychosocial development?
Erikson
What is psychosocial development?
Sense of identity
Who we are what we contribute to the world
What is the industry vs. inferiority stage of psychosocial development?
How do my strengths compare with others?
What theorist researched the idea of perspective taking?
Selman
What is the idea of perspective taking?
Understand the idea around middle school age
Others may have different opinions because of different life experience
Realize not everyone has to agree
Who invented the theory of multiple intelligences?
Gardner
What do teachers need to be aware with multiple intelligences?
Recognize gifts of students
Help students discover their gifts
What are multiple intelligences?
Idea that we all have strengths and within them we will be most productive and thrive
Self efficacy is built on _____ _____.
Mastery experiences
Who created the social cognitive learning theory?
Bandura
Who created the theory of cognitive development?
Piaget
What is the social cognitive learning theory?
Feelings and attitudes about whether they can be successful
When a student can do something, but only with guidance
Zone of proximal development
Idea that new concepts are built on previously learned information
Scaffolding
Who created the idea of scaffolding?
Vjyskosy
Who created the idea of discovery learning?
Bruner
What are some characteristics of discovery learning?
Associated with constructivist approach
Student centered
Who created the idea that students are influenced by everyone they come in contact with?
Bronfenbrenner
Students career and academic choices are all influenced by their _____.
Spheres
What is the attribution theory?
To what we attribute our behavior
What is the internal locus of control?
When student blames behavior on themselves
What is external locus of control?
When students don’t want to own their own behaviors
What are warm demanders?
When a teacher sets high expectations, but is compassionate toward their students
What is emergent literacy?
Stories about native land, books in libraries about diverse backgrounds.
Expository teaching theories ………..
Direct instruction, reception learning, teacher centered
Discovery learning theories
Student centered, Brunner, constructivist
What is intrinsic motivation?
Learn because it brings us joy and satisfaction
Extrinsic motivation
Learn for reward
What are the tests used to measure IQ?
Wexler
Stanford Benet
What is median?
Middle score
What is mode?
Score that occurs the most
What is mean?
Average
What is an example of aptitude test?
SAT
ACT
What is a diagnostic test?
Woodcock Johnson
What is an achievement test?
MAP
