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Environmental Science > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

A real increase in well-being and standard of life for the average person that can be maintained over the long term without degrading the environment or compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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2
Q

What are the steps in the scientific method and what are its strengths and weaknesses?

A
  1. State the problem
  2. Develop a hypothesis
  3. Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis
  4. Analyze and interpret the data
  5. Share the results with other scientists
    Useful in defining a problem and tends to focus on past and present while ignoring future possibilities
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3
Q

What is the current population on earth and the United States and the anticipated population in 2050 on earth and United States?

A

7.2 billion
320 million
9-10 billion
439 million

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4
Q

What qualities make water unique and essential for life as we know it?

A

Waters density makes life possible

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5
Q

What is the relationship between species diversity and community stability?

A

Number of species in a community affects the stability

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6
Q

What is the relationship between population growth and environmental impact?

A

Environmental impacts are the product of our population size

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7
Q

Identify three reasons that the human populations grew so rapidly in the last century?

A

Discovered cures for diseases
Modern technology
Education

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8
Q

How does population growth change as a society develops?

A

Knowledge, availability, and use of effective and acceptable means of birth control

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9
Q

What is population growth momentum?

A

A potential for increased population growth as young members reach reproductive age

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10
Q

Which two environmental characteristics define a biome?

A

Temperature and precipitation

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11
Q

What is meant by biodiversity?

A

The genetic, species and ecological diversity of the organisms in a given area

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12
Q

What are the major benefits of biodiversity?

A

Provides food and medicines, can aid ecosystem stability

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13
Q

What is ecosystem services?

A

Resources or services provided by environmental systems

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14
Q

What is green revolution?

A

Dramatically increased agricultural production brought about by miracle strains of grain; usually requires high inputs of water, plant nutrients, and pesticides

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15
Q

What is genetically modified organisms (GMO)?

A

Organisms created by combining natural or synthetic genes using the techniques of molecular biology

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16
Q

What traits are most commonly introduced with GMOs?

A

Insect resistance and herbicide

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17
Q

What are the connections between ecology and our health?

A

There are ecological diseases that are affecting humans

18
Q

What makes some chemicals dangerous and others harmless?

A

Most toxic substances degrade over time

19
Q

What is toxic?

A

Poisonous chemicals that react with specific cellular components to kill cells or to alter growth or development in undesirable ways; often harmful, even in dilute concentrations

20
Q

What is chronic problems?

A

Long-lasting results of exposure to a toxin; can be a permanent change caused by a single, acute exposure or a continuous, low-leveling exposure

21
Q

What is biomagnification?

A

Increase in concentration of certain stable chemicals in successively higher tropic levels of a food chain or web

22
Q

If you take antibiotics when you have a cold, why don’t you get better faster? What are some of the problems related to taking antibiotics when you have a cold virus?

A

The medication has no effect on your cold. It could lead to having antibiotics resistant bacteria in your system

23
Q

What is (IPCC) intergovernmental panel on climate change?

A

A large group of scientists from many nations and a wide variety of fields assembled by the United Nations environment program and world meteorological organization to access the current state of knowledge about climate change

24
Q

What has IPCC accomplished?

A

The IPCC modeled future emissions

25
Q

In what ways can air pollution affect human health?

A

It causes cancer, nerve damage, disrupt hormone functions and fetal development; persist in environment

26
Q

What policies and strategies have had a positive effect on reducing air pollutants?

A

Clean air act

27
Q

Why are Americans so healthy?

A

Sanitation systems

28
Q

What is the importance of the clean water act?

A

Swimmable and fishable

29
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Ecological, social, and economic systems that can last over the long term.

30
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of coal?

A

Dirty, dangerous activity destroys ecosystems and highly polluting

10x greater than all oil and gas

31
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of oil?

A

Pollution, green house gas emission

High energy densities

32
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of natural gas?

A

Green house gas emission volatile

Renewable resource

33
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of nuclear energy?

A

Disposal of waste

Friendly sources

34
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of wind?

A

Environmental cost to migrating birds

Cheap and widely available

35
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of solar?

A

Solar radiation

Generates electricity

36
Q

What is the disadvantages and benefits of hydro?

A

Disturbance of habitat

Produce clean energy

37
Q

Which “r” (reduce, reuse, recycle) is the most efficient and important?

A

Reduce

38
Q

Which takes the most energy?

A

Recycle

39
Q

What is voluntary simplicity?

A

A lifestyle that minimizes consumption and the pursuit of wealth and material goods

40
Q

What is environmental justice?

A

Is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies

Environmental Science (5 decks)

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