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Nursing 102 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between a didactic and a clinical or practicum?

A

Didactic: teaching
Clinical: hands-on
Practicum: practical information

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2
Q

Describe some of the major types of nursing programs and how they differ.

A

Diploma, Associate’s, Bachelor’s, Master’s, Doctoral’s

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3
Q

Which program has the greater number of graduates?

A

ASN

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4
Q

What are some Master’s programs for nurses?

A

Anesthetics and Pediatrics

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5
Q

What is accreditation?

A

How a program meets established standards

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6
Q

What organization can accredit ALL nursing programs?

A

National League for Nursing

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7
Q

What is STTI?

A

Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act and State Boards of Nursing?

A

To demonstrate the competency of a nursing student for certification.

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9
Q

How do nurses act as advocates?

A

They speak and act on behalf of their patients. When a decision needs to be made, the nurse explains the patient’s point of view.

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10
Q

What is advocacy?

A

Speaking on behalf of another person.

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11
Q

What criteria should policy meet?

A

A course of action that affects a large number of people and is stimulated by a specific need to achieve certain outcomes.

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12
Q

How does policy impact nursing?

A

Roles and standards, federal laws/rules and regulations, nursing care, health, and staffing levels.

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13
Q

Describe the policy-making process?

A
  1. Recognize an issue that might require a policy.
  2. Learn more about the issue.
  3. Identify the solution options and select the best one.
  4. Implement the policy.
  5. Monitor and evaluate the policy.
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14
Q

How do nurses participate in the political process?

A

Using/participating in political process using experiences.

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15
Q

What does the Nurse Practice Act determine?

A

The laws in each state

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16
Q

What is the role of the State Boards of Nursing?

A

Implement state’s nurse practice act.

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17
Q

Understand how nursing education differs from other educational programs and courses.

A

Nursing courses demand more:

-content building, understanding vs. memorizing, application, practicum, and clinical preceptors

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18
Q

Where was the first school of nursing?

A

London, 1860

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19
Q

What did the 1965 ANA NLN statement propose for entry into nursing practice?

A

Evidence-based clinical knowledge and research with effective communication and leadership skills.
Increased education at all levels.
Build a stronger nursing workforce.

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20
Q

What is a preceptor?

A

A nurse working in the healthcare organization.

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21
Q

Do we use distance learning in nursing?

A

Yes

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22
Q

Do diploma schools still exist in the U.S.?

A

Yes, but not many

23
Q

Where do you look for the best information about a nursing program?

A

National League for Nursing (NLN), American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), and National Organization for Associate Degree Nursing (N-OADN)

24
Q

What organizations a credit nursing programs?

A

ANCC and NLN

25
Q

What organization can a credit all nursing programs?

A

NLN

26
Q

What is a universal healthcare system?

A

Everyone gets healthcare through the government.

27
Q

Does the United States have a universal healthcare system?

A

No

28
Q

How are Medicare and Medicaid funded in the US?

A

Payroll taxes and also partially by the employee and employer.

29
Q

What is an ethical dilemma?

A

A person is forced to choose between two or more alternatives, none of which is ideal.

30
Q

What is the best source for a new RN about ethics for the nurse?

A

American Nurses Association Code of Ethics

31
Q

Understand the four ethical principles used in nursing to guide the nurses when confronted with ethical issues.

A
  1. Autonomy: patient has a right to make decisions.
  2. Beneficence: doing something good and caring for the patient.
  3. Justice: treating people fairly.
  4. Veracity: the truth.
32
Q

Know the legal terms of specific to assault and battery; false imprisonment; and malpractice and negligence.

A

Assault: threat, no physical contact.
Battery: physical contact.
False imprisonment: police, etc. holding for wrong/no reason.
Malpractice: not doing the job correctly, lower than expectations.
Negligence: failure to do job.

33
Q

What are the elements of a malpractice lawsuit that must be proven for a successful suit?

A

Nurse has duty to patient, duty was breached, breach of duty caused harm, and damage or injury to the patient occurred.

34
Q

What is negligence?

A

Failure to exercise the care toward others that a reasonable or prudent person would under the circumstances; an unintentional tort.

35
Q

What is the difference between ethics and morals?

A

Ethics: a standard code or guide to behavior.
Morals: your own personal code of acceptable behaviors.

36
Q

What are the steps in Ethical Decision Making?

A
  1. Autonomy
  2. Beneficence
  3. Justice
  4. Veracity
37
Q

What is healthcare rationing?

A

The systematic allocation of resources (in this case, funds to pay for care).

38
Q

Does the U.S. ration healthcare?

A

Yes

39
Q

What is the IRB? What do they do?

A

Institutional Review Board:
An organization’s committee or department that ensures that the research process meets ethical and legal requirements in protecting participants in biomedical or behavior research.

40
Q

How many people died from medication errors in 1999?

A

44,000

41
Q

What is the difference between error, near miss, and sentinel event?

A

Error: the failure of a planned action or use of wrong plan.
Near miss: an event occurred that might have led to harmful event.
Sentinel event: event that had a negative patient outcome.

42
Q

What is root cause analysis?

A

An in-depth analysis of an error to assess the event and identify causes and possible solutions.

43
Q

How can an institution move to a culture of safety within the institution?

A

Having a goal of a blame-free environment.

44
Q

What are some key safety issues for nursing staff?

A

Needlesticks, infections, ergonomic safety (back injuries), violence, and chemical exposure

45
Q

What is the ANA program “handle with care” aimed at?

A

A program with a goal to develop and implement a proactive, multifaced plan to promote the issue of safe patient handling and the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among nurses in the US.

46
Q

What are some signs or changes in behavior that are related to escalation?

A

Sudden change of behavior, clenched jaws or fists, threats, pacing, increased movement, shouting, use of profanity, increased respirations, and staring or pointing.

47
Q

What are the three elements in the IOM definition of healthcare quality?

A

Structure: the environment where services are provided.
Process: the manner services are provided.
Outcomes: the results of services.

48
Q

What is the major focus of the Join Commission accreditation process?

A

Credits hospitals, long-term care organizations, home care agencies, clinical laboratories, ambulatory care organizations, behavioral health organizations, and healthcare networks or managed care organizations.

49
Q

What are healthcare report cards?

A

They provide specific performance data on an organization at specific intervals, with a focus on quality and safety.

50
Q

Has there been an increase or decrease in applications to US Nursing Schools during the past two years?

A

Increase

51
Q

What is the average age range for the RN workforce?

A

50?

52
Q

What was the average LOS for 2000? 2007?

A

2000: 4.9 days
2007: 4.8 days (we are behind)

53
Q

What was the “perfect storm”?

A

A nursing shortage, a higher demand for nurses, and a fast burnout rate.

54
Q

What are some costs related to nurse turnover?

A

Advertising and recruitment, vacancy costs, hiring, orientation and trainings decreased productivity, termination, potential patient errors, poor work environment, loss of organizational knowledge.

Nursing 102 (2 decks)

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