Final

Question 1

does not have a nucleus

Answer 1

prokaryote

Question 2

has a nucleus

Answer 2

eukaryote

Question 3

prokaryotes with no intron

Answer 3

bacteria

Question 4

prokaryotes with intron

Answer 4

archaea

Question 5

single celled or colonial eukaryote

Answer 5

protist

Question 6

multicellular autotroph

Answer 6

plant

Question 7

multicellular heterotroph (eats by absorption)

Answer 7

fungi

Question 8

multicellular heterotroph (eats by ingestion)

Answer 8

animal

Question 9

unicellular, cells lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles, autotrophs or heterotrophs

Answer 9

archaea and bacteria (prokaryotes)

Question 10

archaea love ____ environments

Answer 10

extreme

Question 11

love salty environments

Answer 11

halophiles

Question 12

love hot and acid environments

Answer 12

thermoacidophiles

Question 13

Gram-____: bacteria have simpler cell walls, with large amounts of peptidoglycan, violet

Answer 13

positive

Question 14

Gram-_____: bacteria have a more complex structure and less peptidoglycan, red

Answer 14

negative

Question 15

proteobacteria group that has close relationships with eukaryotes

Answer 15

alpha

Question 16

proteobacteria group that contains nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer 16

beta

Question 17

Proteo bacteria (E. Coli)

Answer 17

gamma

Question 18

proteobacteria that includes myxobacteria, form elaborate colonies

Answer 18

delta

Question 19

proteobacteria that include helicobacter pylori

Answer 19

epsilon

Question 20

most common cause of blindness

Answer 20

chlamydia

Question 21

helical shaped heterotrophs, most are free living, some are parasites

Answer 21

spirochetes

Question 22

blue-green bacteria, blue-green algae

photosynthesize: contain chlorophyll

Answer 22

cyanobacteria

Question 23

eukaryotic, simple - one-celled, filaments, colonies
autotrophic or heterotrophic
polyphyletic

Answer 23

protista

Question 24

heterotrophic animal-like protists

Answer 24

amoeba, foraminifera, actinopodia, trypanosoma, ciliophora

Question 25

heterotrophic plant-like autotrophs

Answer 25

dinoflagellates, diatoms, brown algae, red algae

Question 26

movement of heterotrophic animal-like protists

Answer 26

psuedopodia (false foot), flagella (whip-like) appendage, cilia (hair-like appendage), nonmotile

Question 27

pseudopodia

Answer 27

amoeba

Question 28

pseudopodia but with a shell of CaCO3

Answer 28

foraminifera

Question 29

pseudopodia with a silica shell

Answer 29

actinopodia

Question 30

flagella and undulation of flatten body edge (like a wing)

Answer 30

trypanosoma

Question 31

ciliophora

Answer 31

cilia

Question 32

two flagella

Answer 32

dinoflagellates

Question 33

very small cilia

Answer 33

diatoms

Question 34

look multicellular but colonies of individual cells

Answer 34

brown algae, red algae

Question 35

why do plants have a waxy waterproof coating (cuticle)

Answer 35

prevent desiccation

Question 36

sexual life cycle of plants and some algae

Answer 36

alternation of generation

Question 37

haploid generation

Answer 37

gametophyte

Question 38

diploid generation

Answer 38

sporophyte

Question 39

sporophyte produce spores by

Answer 39

meiosis

Question 40

gametophyes produce gametes by

Answer 40

mitosis

Question 41

Evolutionary shift of plants

Answer 41

less dependence on water and larger size

Question 42

why is the evolutionary trend in plants possible

Answer 42

vascular tissue

Question 43

what is the result of plant evolutionary trend?

Answer 43

sporophytes becoming the dominant generation

Question 44

water to land transition

Answer 44

algae to bryophytes

Question 45

non-vascular to vascular transition

Answer 45

byrophytes to tracheophytes

Question 46

spore dispersal to seed dispersal

Answer 46

seedless to seed

Question 47

do not have vascular tissue, tissue no more than couple of cells thick, water and nutrients travel by osmosis and diffusio

Answer 47

non-vascular

Question 48

stems of most plants, made of tube-like, elongated cells which transport the xylem and phloem, evolutionary advantage with increase in height of plans

Answer 48

vascular

Question 49

non vascular plants

Answer 49

chlorophyta (green algae) bryophyta (mosses) hepatophyta (liverworts) anthocerophyta (hornworts)

Question 50

vascular and seedless plants

Answer 50

lycophyta (club mosses) spenophyta (horsetails) pterophyta (ferns)

Question 51

vascular with seed *gymnosperms

Answer 51

coniferophyta (conifers) cycadophyta (cycads) ginkophyta (ginko) gnetophyta (gnetae)

Question 52

no vascular tissue, no true roots, depend on water for reproduction, smaller, live in dark and damp places

Answer 52

non-vascular plants

Question 53

small, non-vascular, gametophyte dominant, needs water for fertilization, often seen growing on hard substrates in moist areas

Answer 53

bryophyta (mosses)

Question 54

small, non-vascular, gametophyte dominant, needs water for fertilization

Answer 54

hepatophyta (liverworts)

Question 55

have true stems, roots & leaves with vascular tissue, no seeds, most land in moist read (flagellated sperm), but occur in deserts and marshes, both upright and horizontal stems

Answer 55

seedless vascular plants

Question 56

vascular dichotomously branched stems, small leaves called microphylls

Answer 56

lycophyta: club mosses

Question 57

low complexity; sponges

Answer 57

asymmetry

Question 58

more complex but still simple; jellyfish, corals

Answer 58

radial symmetry

Question 59

very complex with designated sides; flatworm

Answer 59

bilateral symmetry

Question 60

allow for the gastrovascular cavity to form; bigger elements can be digested

Answer 60

endoderm

Question 61

skin, nerves

Answer 61

ectoderm

Question 62

results in structures not associated with digestion such as organ systems (worms, humans)

Answer 62

mesoderm

Question 63

without a body cavity, mesoderm fills the space

Answer 63

acoelomate

Question 64

with a cavity between endoderm and mesoderm

Answer 64

pseudocoelomate

Question 65

with cavity within the mesoderm

Answer 65

coelomate

Question 66

asymmetrical, no tissue layers, no body cavity, no gastrovascular opening

Answer 66

porifera (sponges)

Question 67

radial symmetry, 2 tissue layers (ecto and endoderm), no body cavity, 1 gastrovascular opening

Answer 67

cnidaria (jellyfish, hyda, sea anemone)

Question 68

bilateral symmetry, 3 tissue layers, no body cavity, 2 gastrovascular openings

Answer 68

platyhelminthes (flatworms/planarian)

Question 69

bilateral symmetry, 3 tissue layers, pseudocoelomate body cavity, 2 gastrovascular opening

Answer 69

nematoda (nematodes, roundworms)

Question 70

bilateral symmetry, 3 tissue layers, coelomate body cavity, 2 gastrovascular opening

Answer 70

annelida (segmented worms, earthworm)

Question 71

single filament of fungi

Answer 71

hyphae

Question 72

masses of filament

Answer 72

mycelium

Question 73

reproductive structure of fungi

Answer 73

sexual and asexual

Question 74

diverse - unicellular yeasts, powdery mildew, complex cup fungi common factor - reproductive body, ascus produces ascospores asexual reproduction - production conidia Peziza, Sordaria, Penicillin

Answer 74

ascomycetes

Question 75

largest and most conspicuous (mushroom, toadstool) obvious part is only small part of the body distinguished because of basidiospores mainly use sexual reproduction, but can use asexual mushroom

Answer 75

basidiomycota

Question 76

aquatic, flagellated spores | parasitic or saprobic

Answer 76

chytridiomycota

Question 77

terrestial, live on decaying matter or soil some form mycchorizzae with crops hyphae are coenocytic black bread mold

Answer 77

zygomycota

Question 78

rapidly growing, mostly asexual reproduction | important in commercial production of antibiotics

Answer 78

molds

Question 79

liquid or moist habitats, asexual budding, fermentation

Answer 79

yeasts

Question 80

mutualism between fungi

Answer 80

lichens

Question 81

mutualism between plants and fungi

Answer 81

mycorrhizae