Final Flashcards
If a client says, “I don’t know” they’re acting…
Stupid
What theory?
The past is the present
“A couple’s struggle over emotional and physical closeness might be a renewal of difficulties each had in forming relationships early in life”
Psychodynamic Therapy
This theory emphasize the importance of historical, social, and childhood experiences and stress the significance of unconscious forces in the lives of the families.
Psychodynamic Therapy
Founders of this approach were trained as psycho-analytical therapists. Treatment may be long term, more than 20 sessions
Psychodynamic Therapy
What theory? Basis of unconscious drives were sexual and aggressive, therapy was reductionistic
Psychodynamic Therapy
What theory? Clients labored under intrapsychic conflicts stemming from the childhood, having to do with whether they could express their impulses
Psychodynamic Therapy
What theory? Family was the source of the problem, but did not sustain it in the present. Relationship with analyst was sufficient to reawaken all of the conflicts associated with the original parents.
Psychodynamic Therapy
What theory? Focus on the resolution of transference. Therapy was retrospective. Therapy was individual, and not interpersonal beyond the analyst-patient relationship
Psychodynamic Therapy
Treatment of psychodynamic therapy
- Uncovering and interpreting unconscious impulses and defenses against them
- Either finding a way to relax defenses against the expression of healthy impulses
- Strengthening defenses against excessive gratification
Every human being longs to be …
appreciated
We also want to be _____ in a relationship
competent
If our desire is frustrated at an early age, the way we go about gaining appreciation is
tied to that period of our lives
What theory?
Bridge between individual theory and family theory
Object Relations Theory -Klein
What theory?
Internal “objects” that is, images of self and others forged in early fantasy and experiences, and internalized
Object Relations Theory -Klein
What theory?
The ego was not so much driven by impulses as motivated to find an outside match for the internal object
Object Relations Theory -Klein
What theory? Love, and the desire to connect, was more important than instinct
Object Relations Theory -Klein
Object Relations Theoriest
Melanie Klein
Psychodynamic Theroriest
Sigmund Freud
- A child has a profound need for ….
- If frustrated in their search, then children will later …
- This sensitivity gives rise to …
…a stable and constant object
…suffer depression and an extreme sensitivity to a lack of support
…enmeshed and disengaged relationships (Bowen)
Average _______ facilitates individuation
expectable environment
- Devotes herself to child sufficiently to establish security
- Shifts to self interest as child needs her less
- Transitional object as a symbol of the mother
“Good enough” mother (Young)
Two qualities of parenting are thought to be essential to a secure self:
- Mirroring = Understanding + Acceptance
2. Idealization
We fall for someone who is…
…a substitute for our unattained ideals
We want our mates to conform to an…
…internalized unrealistic model of fulfillment
Self-objects are not quite separate in the child’s experience, so ________ more easily. Whatever a mother does or says translates into…
…nurturance is taken into the self
…an experience of self love
An interactional process in which we behave according to our projections of anxiety=arousing aspects of ourselves
Projective identification
The repressed aspects of each person which are kept repressed by tacit understanding (Jung)
The individual and marital “shadow”
_______ link family members and influence individuals in the decisions about whom they marry
Unconscious processes
When parents project their fantasies upon their children, rather than letting them be themselves
Delineations
The presenting problem (symptom bearer) is often symbolic of the parent’s …
…own denied emotion or wish.
When a child takes on a symptom to unite their parents concern
Invisible loyalties
The projection onto the therapist of feelings, attitudes, or desires
Transference
Technique used to uncover needs and wishes within the family members
Dream analysis
Procedure through which the therapist points out to families how their behavior conflicts or contradicts with their expressed wishes
Confrontation
The therapist points out to a family ways that they have demonstrated the ability of breaking past dysfunctional patterns of interaction
Strengths
The therapist points out from their history
Life history
The degree of harmony or reciprocity in the meshing of family roles
Complementarily
Bringing unconscious conflicts between members into consciousness
Interpretation
Only way out of a triangle is…
being an Adult
A B(2) C(2) D E
- Activating event (might cause consequence)
- Belief (belief or behavior that causes activating event) –Irrational (making a demand, should, must) or Rational (preference or wish)
- Consequence (result of activating event) –Feeling or Action
- Dispute the irrational belief (challenge the beliefs)
- Effect (the new effect; what will happen once you do ABCD)
What theory? A healthy family is a family that openly experiences life with each other in a lively manner in the here and now
Experiential Family Therapy
Here and now therapy
Gestalt
Experiential Theorist (2)
Virginia Satir & Carl Whitaker
What technique used by Virginia Satir? (experiential)
Structure techniques
What technique used by Carl Whitaker? (experiential)
Limit techniques
- Process, not progress is the focus of therapy
- The family is the context of our primary experience
- Emphasis is on the therapeutic system
- Characteristics of the therapeutic system: battle for structure, initiative, bilaterality
Experiential Family Therapy
Process of Family Therapy
- Setting the tone
- Empowering the family
- Breaking the patterns of the system’
- Offering an ending
Individuals in families are not aware of their emotions, and if aware, they suppress them. Because of this a climate of “emotional deadness” is created that results in the expression of symptoms within one or more family members
Experiential Therapy
Family members avoid each other and occupy themselves with work and other activities. This behavior perpetuates the dysfunctionality of the family. The resolution to this situation is to emphasize sensitivity and feeling-expression among family members “in the present”. This expression can come in the form of verbal, affect, or behavior nonverbal manner
Experiential Therapy
Family members can represent the distance they wish to maintain between themselves and other family members by using role play, mime, or even arranging physical objects such as furniture in a particular way.
Experiential Therapy
- Filial therapy
- Art therapy
- Family drawings
- Share feelings
- Touch
- Humor
- Disregard theory and emphasizing intuitive spontaneity
Experiential techniques
- Modeling and teaching clear communication skills
- Play therapy
- Choreography
- Props
- Puppet interviews
- Role-playing
- Sculpting
- Family reconstruction
Experiential techniques
The goals of experiential treatment (4)
- To promote growth, change, creativity, flexibility, spontaneity and playfulness
- To make the covert overt
- To increase emotional closeness of family members and disrupt rigidity
- To unlock defenses, enhance self-esteem, and recover the potential for experiencing
Process and outcomes of experiential treatment
- Therapists and families focus on growing and winning the battles for structure and initiative respectfully
- Family members become more aware of their needs and feelings
Experiential therapy for Satir occurs in three stages:
making contact, chaos, and integration
Experiential therapy for Whitaker occurs in three phases:
engagement, involvement, and disentanglement
Experiential family therapy emphasizes (5)
- Creativity and spontaneity in families
- Changing roles and increased understanding of self and others
- Treating all members of the family as equal in status
- Increased awareness of feelings within and among family members
- The breakdown of defenses within the family and among family members through structured exercises
- Not everyone in the family has to be treated for change to occur
- May see only one member (wife) and teach her assertiveness and desensitization
- Concentrate on dyadic relationships, such as parents and child or the couple system
- Emphasize stimulus, reinforcement, shaping and modeling
Behavioral & Cognitive Behavioral Family Therapy
Stages of addiction (4)
Precontemplation (thinking about doing it)
Ritual (what you do before action; getting ready)
Action/Act of precontemplation (the action/addiction)
Feeling (what you feel afterwards)
Precontemplation
Ritual
Action/Act of precontemplation
Feeling
..thinking about doing it
…what you do before action; getting ready
…the action/addiction
…what you feel afterwards
