Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Jazz Final > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

Hard Bop Style

A

-Giant Steps (album) rooted in hard bop tenor saxophone; aggressive, full bodied.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Move into Modal Jazz

A

Began investigating modal concepts and Indian ragas (music built on improvising over drones or pedal points)

  • This caused move to Soprano Saxophone (because of similar Indian shenhnai sound)
  • My favorite things was an example of new sound
  • Sheets of Sound, The Sweep, The Cry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Significance of John Coltrane Classic Quartet

A
  • McCoy Tyner (pianist)
  • Jimmy Garrison (bass lines based on drone and pedal points)
  • Elvin Jones (interplay with Coltrane)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A Love Supreme

A
  • Masterwork
  • 4 parts (1. Acknowledgement 2. Resolution 3. Pursuance 4. Psalm)
  • His gift to God
  • Influenced musicians in both Rock and Jazz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Coltrane’s evolution from Modal to Free Jazz

A
  • Interest in Ornette Coleman, Albert Ayler, and Archie Shepp
  • lost much of his audience
  • back to collective improvisation
  • Drummer Rashied Ali
  • Influenced many rock bands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Free Jazz?

A
  • called “the new thing” early on
  • Lennie Tristano was a pioneer in forecasting free jazz movement
  • music devoid of traditional melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic practices
  • abstract sound, unusual technique, electric distortion
  • reflection of the turbulent 1960 (Vietnam, Civil Rights, Woman’s Rights)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Charles Mingus

A

-Bassist
-Influenced by:
Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker, Classical Composers, Ornette Coleman, Eric Dolphy, Gospel
-Known for solo bass, jazz trio and string quartet, jazz trios and big band instrumentation
-Masterpiece: Pithecanthropus Erectus
(4 Piece Movement 1. Evolution 2 Superiority Complex 3. Decline 4. Destruction)
-Hora Decubitus (album) Riffs layered in form of a “round”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ornette Coleman (Free Jazz)

A
  • Leading figure in Free Jazz
  • played alto sax, trumpet, violin, & composed
  • explored concept of intonation (was criticized for it)
  • Made first recordings with drummer Billy Higgins
  • Quartet included (Don Cherry (cornet), Billy Higgins (drummer), and Charlie Haden (bassist)
  • Lonely Woman (most important early composition)
  • Free Jazz (landmark album)
  • Harmolodics (theory of music composition where harmony, melody, rhythm, and pulse are equally important (best reflected in The Good Life)
  • Joined Pat Metheny to make album Song X
  • AABA form.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Albert Ayler

A
  • Tenor Saxophonist
  • Spiritual Unity (landmark album)
  • raised the intensity of free jazz (influenced Coltrane to do the same)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

-Cecil Taylor

A
  • Pianist
  • Music Characteristics included (textural, turbulent atonal improvisation)
  • Enter Evening (song) can be considered a tone poem
  • one of few pianist to play free jazz
  • Jitney No. 2 (textural improvisation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dave Holland

A

Bassist

-folk-like melody suggests lyrical approach to free jazz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A.A.C.M. & Art Ensemble of Chicago

A
  • Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians
  • provided music training to inner city youth
  • organized and promoted concerts by important free jazz artists
  • Art Ensemble: free jazz improvisation performances,
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Keith Jarrett (solo improvisation)

A
  • Pianist
  • influenced by hard bop, stride, gospel, folk, avant-garde
  • known for improvised solo piano concerts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Merging of Jazz, Rock, and Funk

A
  • both styles shared similar roots
  • featured improvisation (jazz has more than rock though)
  • conveyed sense of freedom
  • Jazz Rock embraced rhythmic conception of rock drumming
  • the new generation of musicians emerged in the 1960s who grew up with Rock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Early Examples of Jazz Rock

A
  • Herbie Hancock (played hard bop > free jazz > funk and techno> pioneered rock and soul jazz)
  • Miles Davis’s (E.S.P. album) (Eight One song)
  • Gary Burton and Larry Coryell
  • Blood Sweat and Tears (band) first widespread jazz rock (inspired by James Brown and Hard bop)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Miles Davis and Fusion

A

-Influenced by funk of Sly & The Family Stone, James Brown, Jimi Hendrix
-first jazz artist on Rolling Stone cover
-Bitches Brew (masterwork)
Term “FUSION” emerged as result of this album, had a double rhythm section (made totally in the studio)
-included modal and free form improvisation, electric textures, rock funk grooves, distorted sound

17
Q

Fusion and Free Jazz

A
  • Weather Report (band) Wayne Shorter (composer) and Joe Zawinul
  • helped establish direction of fusion.
  • prior to 1976 Free Jazz improvisations were common
  • after 1975 they did not use textural improvisation
  • continuously changed their music
  • Mahavashnu Orchestra (band) formed by John McLaughlin
  • drew inspiration from John Coltrane and Charlie Parker
  • contrasted stylistically with Weather Report (more free form improvisation jams)
  • Beatles (Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band) recorded entirely in studio with no performances
  • Herbie Hancock album (Headhunters) was Rock Jazz Funk fusion, used synthesizers/technology, developed in the studio
18
Q

Fusion as Popular Music

A
  • Fusion evolved as the turbulent 60s faded and lead to Smooth Jazz by mid 70s.
  • The shift from Fusion to smooth jazz, due to shift from liberalism to conservatism
19
Q

Technology and Fusion

A
  • Herbie Hancock was a pioneer in jazz keyboard synthesizer technology
  • Jaco Pastorius joined Weather Report and introduced electric bass, ultra high harmonics, other electric devices to create textures
  • Michael Brecker created band (Steps Ahead) and was influenced by Coltrane
  • Michael Brecker and Mike Mainieri used free from improvisation in performances with Miles Davis.
  • used MIDI (musical instrument digital interface) technology
20
Q

Miles Davis and Hip Hop Jazz

A
  • Doo Bop (last Album) had hip hop rhythms, digital samples, and rap vocals in the 90s
  • In the 80s his focus was on electronic music laced with synthesizer technology
21
Q

Wynton Marsalis & Post Modern Bop

A
  • trumpet player
  • hard bop/cool jazz era of the 50s and 60s became “center of gravity” in jazz again “young Lions”
  • this was due to conservatism shift
  • he declared jazz as America’s classical music & rejected styles that emerged after hard bop/cool jazz
  • 80s and 90s reffered to as Post Modern Bop and Neoclassic Jazz
  • recorded with Art Blakey and toured with Herbie Hancock
  • won Grammy in Classical and Jazz categories
  • Trumpet style is similar to Clifford Brown
  • Improvisation style closer to Miles Davis
  • founded the Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra (first significant repertory ensemble)
22
Q

Repertory Jazz Movement

A
  • recreating past masterpieces (Ellington, Basie, Henderson)
  • Don Byron created Bug Music (album) to explore overlooked songs of the past
  • he was a stride pianist capable of playing everything from Ellington and Coleman
23
Q

Beyond Post Modern Bop (New Direction)

A
  • reissuing old jazz albums
  • selling box sets of artists entire career
  • small independent labels were responsible for recording new styles
24
Q

New Voices in Jazz after 1980

A

-Carla Bley: forecast independent record labels and cofounded Watt Records
-Walking Batteriewoman (song)
-Dave Douglas: trumpet player, formed “string group” (trumpet, violin, cello, bass, drums)
-Matt Darriau: clarinetist/saxophonist, specialized in Eastern European folk music/ avant-garde with his Paradox Trio (band)
-Andrea Parking: amplified accordion and piano using laptop, early example of Nu Jazz
John Zorn: avant-garde composer/saxophonist Jewish music, Naked City (band)
Cuong Vu: avant-garde scene, improvisation combined rock, electronica, ambient music
Joshua Redman: was open minded about fusion and free jazz
Mike Mainieri: American Diaries (album) explored free jazz interpretations. Influenced by Jimi Hendrix and John Scofield
Regina Carter: violin,
Knitting Factory: independent record company/new York club
Twelve Tone: melodies were built on rows, using all twelve tones of the western chromatic scale, all twelve tones have equal value

Jazz Final (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions