Final Flashcards
Appeal to ignorance
The lack of evidence against a belief does not constitute for evidence that supports the belief.
False appeal to authority
Typically when an authority figure is used for evidence outside their area of expertise. Or when you appeal to authority but don’t cite your sources.
Straw man
When you reduce your opponent’s argument to its weakest version thereby making it easier to defeat.
Ad hominem
To attack a person but not the evidence
Appeal to consequences
Argument that concludes something is true or false based on if the outcomes are desirable or undesirable.
False binary
Reduce a claim to two possible outcomes one of which is terrible forcing you to chose the other one
False analogy
When two unlike things share one trait so we think that they share all traits
Tautology or circular reasoning
Argument where the claim is restated as the evidence.
Post hoc ergo proctor hoc
Confuse temporality with causality (after the fact therefore because of the fact)
Appeal to emotion
Strong emotion overrides our reason or evidence
Appeal to popularity or bandwagon
It is the belief that something is true because a lot of people believe it to be true.
Red herring
To introduce information into the argument with the intention to distract
Hasty generalization
To move too quickly to a conclusion without sufficient evidence
Slippery slope or reductio Ad absurdum
When an unproven assertion leads to an absurd conclusion.
Evidence/premise
Reliable or trustworthy information that supports the claim
