Final Flashcards
Collage
Borrowing materials from another source and juxtaposing them to or within a “classical” music format, can be experimental or populace
Ex. The Beatles “Sergeant Pepper”
Program Music
Music that tells a story
Absolute Music
“Music for the sake of music” Doesn’t represent any extra-musical ideas
Symphonic (tone) Poem
Single or multi-movement work with an explicit program behind it
Leit Motif
A melodic passage or phrase, especially in Wagnerian opera, associated with a specific character, situation, or element.
Ex. Wagner, Elgar
Sprechstimme
A form of dramatic declamation between singing and speaking, in which the speaker uses lilt and rhythm but not precise pitches.
Ex. Schoenberg’s “Pierrot Lunaire”
Music Festivals
Charity festivals, Civic festivals and Competition festivals. England, Germany and North America. Very involved middle class, infrastructure created specifically for the festivals
Second Viennese School
Schoenberg, Berg, Webern. Their music isnt heard very often (serialism, modernism)
First Viennese School
Mozart, Haydn. Frequently performed
Be-Bop
1940s - Fast tempo, rhythm, chord changes. Criticized by audiences, cant sing the melodies
Free Jazz
1960’s - No specific form, no regular pulse, no regular harmonic changes
Swing
1930s - Jazz as dance music and as American popular music
Hard Bop
1950s - Gospel and blues influences, memorable (and singable) melodies
Electric Jazz
1960/70s - Electronic instruments and effects, soul / funk influences
Operetta
Social satire → spoof of social norms, parodies classical music, glorification of popular music
Eco-Music
Environmental to give an idea of setting
Elektronische Musik
Music based on sounds that are produced or modified through electronic means
Ex. Philomel
Music Concrete
Music that includes recordings (which are often altered) of daily sounds
Extra Credit Question
Carmen McRae
Avant Garde
Term for music and art that is looking to overthrow established aesthetics
Sound Ecology
Recording/capturing of sonic landscapes before they disappear
Rhythm and Blues
1940s forward; mixture of swing and blues, sometimes with bebop elements
Sampling
A process of creating new compositions by using parts of previously recorded music and reassembling them
Blaxploitation
Film genre from the 1970s that featured predominantly African-American casts including stories of African-America protagonists
Werktreue
Fidelity to a musical work and a faithful reproduction of the composer’s original intent
New Orleans Style
Jazz style prevalent in the early 20th century that featured two or more individual soloists backed by a rhythm section
Fusion
1970s and 1980s - featured the use of heavily amplified instruments and mixed rock techniques with jazz rhythms
Elektronische Musik
Music based on sounds that are produced or modified through electronic means
Ex. Philomel
Klangfarbenmelodie
Twentieth-century technique in which notes of the melody are distributed among different instruments of the ensemble (pointilism)
Gesamtkusntwerk
“Total work of art” Wagner wanted the composer to control all elements of a production
Music Drama
Wagner’s term for his operas
