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Body Systems Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

0
Q

The dorsal body cavity contains the ____

A

Brain and spinal cord

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1
Q

What is the study of how the body functions?

A

Physiology

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2
Q

The simplest form of carbohydrates is___

A

Monosaccharides

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3
Q

All enzymes are ____

A

Proteins

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4
Q

Describe the smallest body in the nucleus that assembles ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

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5
Q

Name the phase of mitosis when chromosomes pull apart

A

Anaphase

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6
Q

The support cells of the nervous system are___

A

Neurolgia

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7
Q

Name the tissue enclosing the heart

A

Pericardium

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8
Q

The incidence of a disease refers to its

A

Range of occurrence

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9
Q

Syphilis and Lyme disease are cause by___

A

Spirochetes

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10
Q

The hypodermis is all called the

A

Subcutaneous tissue

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11
Q

Light touch is sensed by the _____

A

Meissner corpuscles

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12
Q

Describe a haversian canal

A

Channel in dense bone

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13
Q

Where is the spongy bone found?

A

In bone epiphyses

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14
Q

The ion that binds troponin/ tropomyosin complex is___

A

Calcium

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15
Q

A muscle that moves the head is the___

A

Sternocleidomastiod

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16
Q

Fibers that conduct impulses away from the cell body are

A

Axons

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17
Q

Before the start of the action potential, the neuron membrane is ____

A

At rest

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18
Q

The “little brain” located beneath the posterior part of the cerebral hemispheres is the ____

A

Cerebellum

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19
Q

A deep grove in the brain is called a

A

Fissure

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20
Q

The blind spot is also called the ____

A

Optic disk

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21
Q

Rhodopsin is the pigment found in the

A

Rods

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22
Q

Cortisol is produced by the ___

A

Adrenal cortex

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23
Q

The best treatment for anaphylaxis is ____

A

Epinephrine

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24
Q

The most abundant protein in the plasma is____

A

Albumin

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25
Q

Blood is considered to be_____

A

Liquid connective tissue

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26
Q

The outermost layer of the heart wall is called the

A

Epicardium

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27
Q

Threads that attach the valve flaps to the ventricle walls are called____

A

Chordae tendineae

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28
Q

A vessel that supplies blood to the intestine?

A

Mesenteric

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29
Q

The brachiocephalic vein is formed by the union of the____

A

Subclavian and jugular veins

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30
Q

The veins that receive lymph from the two terminal lymphatic vessels are the____

A

Subclavian veins

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31
Q

The veins that receive lymph from the two terminal lymphatic vessels are the_____

A

Subclavian veins

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32
Q

Kupffer cells are phagocytes located in the_____

A

Liver

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33
Q

A substance that causes blood vessels to dilate is____

A

Histamine

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34
Q

T cells are activated by binding proteins on the macrophages called

A

MHC receptors and antigen fragments

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35
Q

The most superior portion of the pharynx is the ___

A

Nasopharynx

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36
Q

The amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum exhalation following maximum inhalation is the ____

A

Vital capacity

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37
Q

The hardest substance found in a tooth is

A

Enamel

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38
Q

The lesser omentum is between the_____

A

Stomach and liver

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39
Q

An essential amino acid is_____

A

Must be ingested in the diet

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40
Q

A mineral found in hemoglobin is____

A

Iron

41
Q

The most important osmoreceptors are located in the_____

A

Hypothalamus

42
Q

Respiratory acidosis could result from

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

43
Q

The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of cells in the____

A

Distal convoluted tubule and suffering arteriole

44
Q

Micturition is an action of the____

A

Urinary system

45
Q

The coiled tube on the testis that stores spermatozoa is the_____

A

Epididymis

46
Q

The head of the spermatozoon contain large amounts of

A

DNA

47
Q

The normal chromosome number of the zygote is

A

46

48
Q

The enlargement of the uterus during pregnancy is directly stimulated by____

A

Estrogen

49
Q

An individual that is heterozygous for a completely dominant trait____

A

Will show dominant phenotype

50
Q

A chemical that causes a chromosome to break is called a(n)

A

Mutagen

51
Q

The system that transports blood to and from the cells is the

A

Circulatory system

52
Q

The breakdown of complex glycogen molecules into simple glucose molecules is most accurately described as a(n) ______

A

Catabolic reaction

53
Q

The positively charged particles in the atom nucleus are called____

A

Protons

54
Q

A substance that dissolves in another substance is a(n) _____

A

Solute

55
Q

The plasma membrane is best described as

A

Selectively preamble

56
Q

An organelle that produces energy for the cell is called a(n)

A

Mitochondrion

57
Q

The removal of living tissue for microscopic examination is called_____

A

Biopsy

58
Q

Inflammation of the serous membrane within the abdominal cavity results in a condition called

A

Peritonitis

59
Q

A disease that is neither severe nor very long lasting is described as

A

Subacute

60
Q

A mycotic disease is caused by____

A

Fungi

61
Q

A decubitus ulcer is a(n)

A

Bedsore

62
Q

The hard keratin that makes up fingernails is synthesized by the cells in the____

A

Stratum corneum

63
Q

A short channel through a bone is called a ____

A

Meatus

64
Q

Bone growth in children occurs in the ___

A

Epiphyseal plates

65
Q

A single neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates comprise a(n)

A

Motor unit

66
Q

The hamstring muscles act to____

A

Flex the leg

67
Q

A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system is called a

A

Ganglion

68
Q

The parasympathetic ganglion are called____

A

Terminal ganglia

69
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle via the ___

A

Foramina

70
Q

Multi-infarct dementia results from

A

A series of small cerebrovascular accidents

71
Q

Which area of the tongue is particularly sensitive to sweet tastes?

A

The tip of the tongue

72
Q

Night blindness is due to a deficiency in vitamin_____

A

A

73
Q

An example of mineralocorticoid is _____

A

Aldosterone

74
Q

The large gland located on either side of the larynx is the

A

Thyroid gland

75
Q

Platelets are derived from large bone marrow cells called _____

A

Megakaryocytes

76
Q

A band cell is an immature ____

A

Neutrophil

77
Q

The valve preventing blood from re-entering the left ventricle is the____

A

Aortic valve

78
Q

The normal pacemaker of the heart is the_____

A

Sinoatrial node

79
Q

A clot that breaks loose and floats in the blood is called a(n)

A

Embolus

80
Q

Blood pressure readings are reported as____

A

Systolic pressure/ disatolic pressure

81
Q

Macrophages are phagocytes that develop from _____

A

Monocytes

82
Q

Inflammation of the lymph nodes are called _____

A

Lymphadenitis

83
Q

Name the classic symptom(s) of inflammation

A

Redness, heat, sweating

84
Q

Rejection syndrome can occur as a result of ____

A

Transplantation

85
Q

The C in COPD stands for ____

A

Chronic

86
Q

The term pneumothorax refers to accumulation of air in the

A

Pleural space

87
Q

The pyloric sphincter regulates the flow of food into the

A

Duodenum

88
Q

Bilirubin is a byproduct of the destruction of _____

A

Red blood cells

89
Q

The end products of cellular respiration are ____

A

Carbon dioxide and water

90
Q

Most body heat is lost through the ____

A

Skin

91
Q

The most abundant anion in plasma membranes is ____

A

Phosphate

92
Q

The activity of the thirst center will be increased if ___

A

Blood osmolarity is increased

93
Q

Materials are driven out of the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule because if ____

A

Blood pressure

94
Q

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney results in___

A

Pyelonephritis

95
Q

Progesterone levels are highest during ____

A

The secretory phase

96
Q

An acrosome would be found in a ___

A

Spermatozoon

97
Q

Labor can be artificially initiated by the administration of _____

A

Oxytocin

98
Q

The umbilical cord contains____

A

Two arteries and one vein

99
Q

List conditions that exist if a person is carrier for particular disease

A

The disease must be recessive and the person’s genotype must be heterozygous

100
Q

A disorder resulting from a change in chromosome number is ___

A

Down syndrome

Body Systems Final (1 decks)

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