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Drugs and the Brain > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

A great number of studies have consistently reported that smoked marijuana and oral THC both produce:
permanent impairments in short-term memory.
lung cancer.
reduced immunity to diseases.
increased total daily food intake.

A

increased total daily food intake

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2
Q 
Cannabis indica has more psychoactive potency, whereas Cannabis sativa is more associated with:
        pain relief.
	bad trips.
        hemp.
	making grain alcohol
A

hemp

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3
Q 
The antipsychotic drugs that have been marketed in the past ten years, such as Zyprexa (olanzapine), are referred to as
	conventional antipsychotics.
	nouveau antipsychotics.
        atypical antipsychotics.
	postmodern antipsychotics.
A

atypical antipsychotics

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4
Q 
The acceptance of the mood stabilizer \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ was slowed by a series of overdose poisonings and by the fact that the drug is one of the basic elements and could not be patented.
        lithium
	valproic acid
	carbamazepine
	lamotrigine
A

lithium

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5
Q

Heroin is more potent than morphine because
it is often injected instead of swallowed.
it more readily crosses the blood-brain barrier.
it is a natural opioid.
it is a synthetic opioid.

A

it more readily crosses the blood-brain barrier

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6
Q 
During the 1950s, one U.S. government agency that conducted research with LSD was the
 	Central Intelligence Agency.
	Centers for Disease Control.
	Department of Education.
	Department of Agriculture.
A

Central Intelligence Agency

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7
Q 
Tricyclic antidepressants work by
	blocking acetylcholine receptors.
	blocking D2 dopamine receptors
 	inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin.
	inhibiting metabolism of GABA.
A

inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin

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8
Q 
Growth retardation, small head circumference, small eyes, flattened bridge of the nose, and mental retardation are signs of
 	fetal alcohol syndrome.
	Wernicke's disease.
	cirrhosis of the liver.
	alcoholic dementia.
A

fetal alcohol syndrome

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9
Q 
The alcoholic content of beverages is indicated by the term "proof," which is
 	twice the percentage of alcohol.
 	the same as the percentage of alcohol.
	half the percentage of alcohol.
	ten times the percentage of alcohol.
A

twice the percentage of alcohol

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10
Q 
The catechol hallucinogens include mescaline plus a variety of synthetic derivatives of
 	amphetamine.
	morphine.
	cocaine.
 	acetylcholine.
A

amphetamine

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11
Q 
One major grouping of hallucinogens typically allows the user to remain in some touch with the real world and to remember much of what he or she experienced. This group of drugs was referred to as the
	narcotics.
	entactogens.
	psychotomimetics.
 	phantastica.
A

phantastica

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12
Q

Naloxone, nalorphine, and naltrexone are examples of
NSAIDs.
opioid antagonists.
prescription opioids that are being misused and abused at increasing rates.
fake drugs sold over the Internet that are actually placebos

A

opioids antagonists

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13
Q

In 1985, the FDA approved the sale of dronabinol (Marinol), which
is a cannabis antagonist.
is an effective treatment for cannabis dependence.
is a capsule containing THC.
reduces appetite.

A

is a capsule containing THC

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14
Q 
A major disturbance of intellectual and social functioning in which there is a loss of contact with reality is called
	anxiety disorder.
	phobia.
	depression.
 	psychosis.
A

psychosis

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15
Q

Enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins are
three types of opioid receptors found in the brain.
three classes of endogenous chemicals that have effects similar to morphine.
enzymes in the brain that convert morphine into its active form.
three chemical classes of synthetic prescription opioids.

A

three classes of endogenous chemicals that have effects similar to morphine.

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16
Q

A recent study of the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs found that
atypicals are much more effective than the conventional drugs.
these drugs are very effective for over 90 percent of schizophrenic patients.
there is tolerance to the beneficial effects and doses must be increased after six weeks.
three-fourths of the patients stopped taking their medication within 18 months.

A

three-fourths of the patients stopped taking their medication within 18 months.

17
Q

What is the mechanism of action for typical antipsychotics?
block serotonin reuptake.
stimulate acetylcholine receptors.
increase brain levels of norepinephrine.
block D2 dopamine receptors.

A

block D2 dopamine receptors

18
Q 
The natural substance in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called
 	cannabinum.
	ayahuasca.
	bufotenin.
        anandamide.
A

anandamide

19
Q 
A drug that has been reported to produce an increase in sociability and euphoria, as well as an increase in blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse is:
 	MDMA.
 	PCP.
	scopolamine.
	bufotenin.
A

MDMA

20
Q

By the beginning of the 20th century, a greater percentage of Americans were dependent on opioids than at any time before or since. Opium smoking and medical use of injected pure morphine were important contributors to this, along with
intravenous use of heroin.
the growth of organized crime syndicates.
patent medicines containing opium extracts or morphine.
alcohol prohibition.

A

patent medicines containing opium extracts or morphine.

21
Q

The alcoholic content of beverages is indicated by the term “proof,” which is
twice the percentage of alcohol.
the same as the percentage of alcohol.
half the percentage of alcohol.
ten times the percentage of alcohol.

A

twice the percentage of alcohol.

22
Q 
The catechol hallucinogens include mescaline plus a variety of synthetic derivatives of
 	amphetamine.
	morphine.
	cocaine.
 	acetylcholine.
A

amphetamine

23
Q

Besides hallucinations, mescaline also produces
sedation and drowsiness.
analgesia.
hunger and thirst.
pupil dilation and increased heart rate and blood pressure.

A

pupil dilation and increased heart rate and blood pressure.

24
Q 
The liver enzyme primarily responsible for metabolizing alcohol is
 	acetaldehyde.
 	alcohol dehydrogenase.
	CYP450.
	acetic acid.
A

alcohol dehydrogenase

Drugs and the Brain (1 decks)

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