Final 3 Flashcards
What are some age related changes of the skin
Epidermis/dermis decrease in thickness
Decrease skin turgor
Senile / entigines (age spots) , skin tags
What are abnormal skin color changes and their causes?
Erythema – red; cynanosis – blue; jaundice - yellow
What are the risk factors for Skin Cancer?
Sun exposure, lots of moles, previous skin cancer, weakened immune system
How do you assess skin turgor?
Pinch back of hand, or underneath clavicle, want no tenting
What is the sequence for the abdominal assessment?
- Inspection 2. Auscultation 3. Percussion 4. Palpation
What are normal percussion sounds and abnormal?
Tympany
Dullness over organs
During the auscultation phase of the abdominal assessment how are normal, hypoactive, and hyperactive bowel sounds described?
Normal 5 – 30
what are some causes of hyper or hypoactive bowel sounds
Hyperactive – irritable bowel syndrome
Hypoactive – paralytic illeus, decrease in peristalsis, decrese PO intake, pain medication, decrease fluid
When is the best time for a woman to complete a self-breast examine?
Look after menstrual cycle, same time every month
When is the best time for a male to complete a self- testicular exam?
After warm shower every month
What are the risk factors for breast cancer and testicular cancer?
Family history, genetic mutation, bracal or II, first child >30, or never pregnant, prolonged mes. >50
How is the prostate examined?
Digital rectal exam
- Health promotion for mammogram should start at age what? And a digital rectal exam for males should begin at what age?
DRE 50, mammogram 40
What problems could this cause from an enlarged prostate?
Urinary problems, back pain
When assessing weight what is the most appropriate question?
What is your ideal weight?
Who is at risk for aspiration?
Someone with a NG tube, Anyone who has trouble swallowing
Why is measuring the head circumference important?
Decrease – soft spot defused too soon so brain cant grow
Increase in size – increased intracranial pressure
- When assessing the pediatric patient what proportion should the head be to the chest
Head bigger to chest till 1 year, then chest will be larger
What is unique about the health history for Peds?
you learn the postnatal history
How would you assess the pediatric patient?
Start distally, slave eyes, ears, and nose for last
