Final Flashcards
Which of the following blood supplies to the rectum is CORRECT?
superior rectal artery off the inferior mesenteric artery.
middle rectal artery off the internal iliac artery.
inferior rectal artery off the external pudendal artery.
A and B.
A, B and C
A, B and C
The perineum…
is the division between the true and false pelves.
is called the broad ligament in females.
includes the external genitalia but not the anus.
is subdivided into two areas by the superficial transverse perineal muscles.
Is subdivided into two areas by the superficial transverse perineal muscles.
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the trigone of the bladder?
it contains the opening of the urethra.
it is located on the posterior surface of the bladder.
it contains the opening for the ureter.
it is made of connective tissue.
it does not expand or contract.
It is located on the posterior surface of the bladder
Which of the following is the action of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
fixes 12th rib during inspiration
flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint
when sitting it acts inferiorly w/ iliacus m. to flex trunk
acts with psoas major to flex thigh
fixes 12th rib during inspiration
Which of the following paired erectile tissues make up the crura of the penis and clitoris?
corpus spongiosum
corpus cavernosum
ischiospongiosum
ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosum
Corpus cavernosum
Which of the following is NOT a nerve of the sacral plexus?
sciatic n.
lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh
posterior cutaneal nerve of the thigh
pudendal n.
Lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh
Which of the following is NOT a boundary or landmark of the perineum?
pubic symphysis
sacrotuberous ligament
ischial tuberosity
gluteus medius m.
gluteus medius m.
Which of the following is TRUE of the ovarian artery?
it is a branch off the abdominal aorta.
it runs within the ovarian ligament.
it supplies the uterus and fallopian tube.
it runs within the inguinal canal.
It is a branch off the abdominal aorta
Place the following structures in the order in which urine would normally pass through them.
renal pelvis, renal sinus, major calyx, but never minor calyx
minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis but never renal sinus
renal pelvis, minor calyx, renal sinus, but never major calyx
renal sinus, minor calyx, major calyx but never renal pelvis
major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis but never renal sinus
minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, but never renal sinus
The perineum
is the division between the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
is called the broad ligament in females.
includes the external genitalia and anus.
is subdivided into two areas by the deep transverse perineal muscles.
includes the external genitalia and anus
Which of the following is a correct statement?
the pelvic diaphragm is comprised solely of the levator ani muscle group
the levator ani mm. include puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and ischiococcygeus m.
the pelvic diaphragm is also called the urogenital diaphragm.
the deep transverse perineal m. makes up the majority of the urogenital diaphragm.
The deep transverse perineal m. make up the majority of the urogenital triangle
Which of the following is correct?
the ovary is wrapped in the broad ligament
the glans clitoris is formed from the corpora cavernosa
the prostatic urethra is the longest segment of the male penis
the ejaculatory duct empties into the membranous urethra
The ovary is wrapped in broad ligament
Sperm in the pelvis that are not ejaculated are reabsorbed by the
seminal vesicles.
spongy urethra.
prostate.
ductus (vas) deferens.
ductus (vas) deferens
The renal veins are branches off the
abdominal aorta.
superior vena cava.
inferior vena cava.
thoracic aorta.
inferior vena cava
Which of the following structures is connected directly to the renal pyramid?
renal columns
major calyx
minor calyx
renal sinus
minor calyx
The medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm arches over what structure?
descending aorta
psoas major m.
quadratus lumborum m.
inferior vena cava
psoas major m.
Which of the following is CORRECT?
the left ovarian vein drains into the inferior vena cava
the left medial inferior phrenic vein drains into the inferior vena cava
right suprarenal vein drains into the superior vena cava
the ovarian artery runs in the inguinal canal
The left medial inferior phrenic vein drains into the inferior vena cava
The vagina…
is the female gonad.
is the outlet for menstrual flow.
is posterior to the rectum.
is where the fertilized egg implants.
is anterior to the urethra.
is the outlet for menstrual flow
The tunica albuginea
covers the testis.
covers the ovary.
covers the shaft of the penis.
A and B
A, B and C
A, B and C
Tearing the pelvic diaphragm, as in during childbirth, may lead to the paralysis of which muscle?
piriformis
sphincter urethrae
obturator internus
levator ani
levator ani
Which of the following is covered by the ischiocavernosus muscle?
bulb of the clitoris
crura of the clitoris
glans of clitoris
prepuce of clitoris
crura of the clitoris
Which of the following is a branch off the posterior division of the Internal Iliac a?
inferior vesical a.
obturator a.
superior gluteal a.
inferior pudendal a.
superior gluteal a.
The suspensory ligament of the duodenum (Ligament of Treitz) is part of which structure of the diaphragm?
lateral arcuate ligament
medial arcuate ligament
right crus of median arcuate ligament
left crus of median arcuate ligament
right crus of median arcuate ligament
The marginal colic a. is the anastomosis between
the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric aa.
the superior and inferior mesenteric aa.
the midgut and hindgut.
A and C
B and C
B and C
Which structure does NOT pass through the greater sciatic foramen?
pudendal nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
inferior gluteal artery
piriformis muscle
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
The renal pelvis
is formed by the union of the minor calyces.
channels urine toward the renal pyramids.
is located in the hilum and is filled with fat.
drains into the ureter
Drains into the ureter
Which of the following is found in males but not in females?
prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
spongy urethra
a and b
a and c
A and C
Renal nerves
mostly arise from the vagus nerve.
pass through the renal pelvis.
are part of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
are mostly vasomotor nerves and part of the sympathetic nervous system.
Are mostly vasomotor nerves and part of the sympathetic nervous system
Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim?
vas (ductus) deferens
ureter
ovarian ligament
lumbosacral trunk
Ovarian ligament
Which structure does NOT pass through the greater sciatic foramen?
pudendal nerve
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
inferior gluteal artery
piriformis muscle
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Which of the following statements correctly compares the female and male pelves?
the ischial tuberosities are closer together in the female than in the male
the false pelvis is shallower in the female than in the male
the sacrum is narrower in the female than in the male
the coxal bones are closer together in the female than in the male
The false pelvis is shallower in the female than male
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the uterus?
it is found anterior to the rectum
it is connected to the vagina by the cervix
it is found anterior to the bladder
is supported by the uterosacral and round ligaments
It is found anterior to the bladder
Which of the following is NOT a boundary or landmark of the perineum?
pubic symphysis
sacrospinous ligament
ischial tuberosity
gluteus maximus m.
sacrospinous ligament
Which of the following arteries is normally only seen in men?
superior vesicular a.
inferior vesicular a.
lateral sacral a.
umbilical a.
inferior vesicular a.
Because the male urethra is used for both urination and ejaculation
males are more likely to get a urinary tract infection than women.
the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra.
the bulbourethral gland secretes fluids to get rid of any semen remaining in the tract.
the urethra is shorter in males than in females.
the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra
The anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1, L2, and L3 are the innervation of which muscle?
quadratus lumborum m.
psoas major m.
iliacus m.
diaphragm m.
psoas major m.
Which of the following structures crosses the pelvic brim?
deep dorsal vein of the penis
uterine tube
ovarian ligament
lumbosacral trunk
lumbosacral trunk
Which of the following is a branch off the anterior division of the Internal Iliac a?
superior gluteal artery.
lateral sacral artery.
iliolumbar artery.
inferior gluteal artery.
inferior gluteal artery
The renal sinus
is formed by the union of the major calyces.
channels urine from the renal pyramids.
is located internal to the hilum and is filled with fat and vessels.
drains into the ureter.
Is located internal to the hilum and is filled with fat and vessels
The esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm is located at which vertebral level?
T8-9
T10
T12
L5
T-10
Which of the following is a muscular branch off the anterior division of the Internal Iliac artery?
inferior vesicular a.
obturator a.
superior gluteal a.
lateral sacral a.
obturator a.
Choose the order in which sperm would encounter secretions from the following glands:
prostate, bulbourethral, seminal vesicle
bulbourethral, prostate, seminal vesicle
bulbourethral, seminal vesicle, prostate
seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral
seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral
The marginal colic a. is the anastomosis between
the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric aa.
the superior and inferior mesenteric aa.
the midgut and hindgut.
A and C
B and C
B and C
What structure passes through the obturator foramen?
obturator internus muscle
obturator externus muscle
obturator nerve
a, b and c
obturator nerve
Urine drains into the posterior portion of the bladder through the
ureter
urethra
renal pelvis
pyramids
ureter
Place the following structures in the order in which urine would normally pass through them.
renal pelvis, major calyx, renal pyramid, minor calyx
renal pyramid, major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis
renal pelvis, minor calyx, renal pyramid, renal sinus,
renal pyramid, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
renal pyramid, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
The deep artery of the penis is a branch off of the
dorsal artery of the penis.
internal pudendal a.
internal iliac a.
inferior rectal a.
internal pudenal
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder
the bulbourethral glands are superior to the prostate gland
the prostate gland surrounds the membranous urethra
the prostate gland decreases with age
the seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder
Which of the following is INCORRECT?
the ovary is wrapped in the broad ligament
the glans clitoris is formed from the corporus spongiosum
the membranous urethra is between the bladder and prostate gland
the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra
The membranous urethra is formed between the bladder and prostate gland
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
the reproductive organs are in the false pelvis
the bladder is able to stretch more than ten times its size
the kidneys are encased in layers of fat and fascia to hold them in place
the prostate is part of the urinary system
The kidneys are encased in layers of fat and fascia to hold them in place
Which of the following is NOT a nerve of the sacral plexus?
sciatic n.
lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh
posterior cutaneal nerve of the thigh
pudendal n.
lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh
Which of the following structures is connected directly to the renal pyramid?
renal columns
major calyx
minor calyx
renal sinus
minor calyx
Which of the following is the muscle found on the crus of the penis and clitoris?
corpus spongiosum
corpora cavernosa
ischiospongiosum
ischiocavernosum
bulbospongiosum
ischiocavernosum
Which of the following is the innermost white covering of the testis and ovary?
corpus albicans.
corpus vaginalis..
tunica albuginea.
tunica vaginalis.
tunica albuginea
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the uterine tubes?
they have multiple fimbriae at their distal ends.
they are within the mesovarium of the broad ligament.
they transport sperm, unfertilized oocytes and zygotes (fertilized ova).
they project through the broad ligament into the abdominal cavity.
They are within the mesovarium of the broad ligament
Which of the following is FALSE of the internal pudendal a. and pudendal n.?
they exit the pelvis through the greater sciatic notch
they enter the perineum through the lesser sciatic notch
they supply the urogential triangle but not the anal triangle
they travel within the pundendal (Alcock’s) canal
They supply the urogenital triangle but not the anal triangle
Which of the following ligaments connects the ovary to the uterine wall?
suspensory ligament of the ovary
ovarian ligament
mesovarian ligament
round ligament of the uterus
ovarian ligament
The uterus is all of the following EXCEPT
lies between the bladder and the rectum.
has a cervix that opens directly into the vagina.
is usually superior to the vaginal canal.
is supported by the ovarian ligaments
Is supported by the ovarian ligaments
Which of the following is TRUE of the diaphragm muscle?
it is the dividing landmark between the abdominal and pelvic cavities
it is an involuntary skeletal muscle
it is dome-shaped with a central tendon and no bony origin
its contraction causes passive exhalation
It is dome-shaped with a central tendon and no bony origin
Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim?
internal iliac a.
lumbosacral trunk
suspensory ligament of the ovary
testicular a.
testicular a.
The urinary system is comprised of
two kidneys, two urethrae, two ureters, two bladders
two kidneys, two ureters, one urethra, one bladder
one kidney, one urethra, one ureter, one bladder
one kidney, one ureter, two urethrae, two bladders
two kidneys, two ureters, one urethra, one bladder
The penis
consists of a single ventral corpus spongiosum and two dorsal corpora cavernosa.
has a proximal swelling within the abdominal wall called the glans penis.
has a urethra running through the corpus cavernosum.
has a distal swelling called the bulb of the penis.
Consists of a single ventral corpus spongiosum and two dorsal corposa cavernosa
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the trigone of the bladder?
it n contains the opening of the urethra.
it contains the opening for the ureter.
it is elastic and highly expandable.
it is located on the inferior surface of the bladder.
it is elastic and highly expandable
Which of the following is CORRECT?
the anal canal seals through the interlocking of the anal columns and sinuses.
an artery is found in each of the anal columns.
rectal valves are plicae circulares.
the recum has a longitudinal, circular and transverse layer of smooth muscle.
the anal canal seals through the interlocking of the anal columns and sinuses
Which of the following is TRUE of the ovarian artery?
the right ovarian artery is a branch off the internal iliac a.
it runs within the suspensory ligament of the ovary.
the left ovarian artery is a branch off the left renal artery.
A and B.
A, B and C.
It runs within the suspensory ligament of the ovary
Which of the following blood supplies to the rectum is CORRECT?
superior rectal artery off the internal pudendal a.
middle rectal artery off the internal pudendal a.
inferior rectal artery off the internal pudendal a.
internal pudendal artery off the common iliac a.
inferior rectal artery off the internal pudenal a.
Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim?
vas (ductus) deferens
ureter
ovarian ligament
lumbosacral trunk
ovarian ligament
The inferior portion of the uterus that is covered by the superior portion of the vagina is the
fornix.
cervix.
vulva.
hymen
cervix
Which of the following is FALSE concerning the broad ligament?
the fundus of the uterus is covered by the mesometrium
the uterine tubes are covered by the mesosalpinx
it covers the ovarian a. & v. to form the ovarian ligament
the broad ligament is a thickened portion of the periotenum.
it covers the ovarian a. & v. to form the ovarian ligament
The dorsal artery of the penis is a branch off of the
deep artery of the penis.
internal pudendal artery.
internal iliac artery.
inferior rectal artery
internal pudenal artery
Which of the following is TRUE of the internal pudendal a. and pudendal n.?
they supply the anus and genitals in males and females
they enter the pelvis through the greater sciatic notch
they exit the perineum through the lesser sciatic notch
they originate off arteries and nerves in the abdomen and travel to the perineum.
they supply the anus and genitals in males and females
The anterior rami of lumbar nerves T12-L4 are the innervation of which muscle?
quadratus lumborum m.
psoas major m.
iliacus m.
diaphragm m.
quadratus lumborum m.
Which of the following statements is FALSE of the kidneys?
they are wrapped within the peritoneum
they are partially protected by the floating ribs
the right kidney is lower than the left kidney
they have a medial hilum where the vessels, nerves and ureters enter.
They are wrapped within the peritoneum
Which of the following is the action of the psoas major muscle?
when sitting it acts inferiorly w/ iliacus m. to flex trunk
flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint
acts with psoas minor to flex thigh
A and B
A, B and C
A, B and C
The muscle that makes up the walls of the bladder is the
dartos muscle.
urogenital diaphragm.
detrusor muscle
levator ani muscles
detrusor muscle
Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the levator ani group?
pubococcygeus m.
ischiococcygeus m.
iliococcygeus m.
puborectalis m.
ischiococcygeus m.
Which of the following structure(s) is/are found within the true pelvis?
obturator internus muscle
obturator externus muscle
obturator nerve
A and C
B and C
A and C
The structure conveying the fertilized (or unfertilized) egg to the uterine cavity is the
cervix.
uterine tube.
vagina.
round ligament of uterus.
uterine tube
Which answer puts the following structures in order from the testis out through the penis?
epididymis, ejaculatory duct, ureter, ductus deferens, but never the urethra
ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, epididymis, urethra, but never the ureter
epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra, but never the ureter
epididymis, ureter, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, but never the urethra
ejaculatory duct, epididymis, ductus deferens, ureter, but never urethra
epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculator duct, urethra, but never ureter
The urinary bladder
is smaller in males than in females.
in females is posterior to the vagina and superior to the uterus.
has an internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle.
has an external sphincter that is involuntary.
has an internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle
The caval hiatus of the diaphragm
is located at vertebral level T8-9.
is completely within the central tendon.
transmits the SVC to the thorax.
A and B.
A, B and C.
A and B
Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
part of the fallopian tube is in the false pelvis
the bladder is also a reproductive organ in males
the kidneys are encased within the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall to hold them in place
the prostate is part of the urinary system
Part of the fallopian tube is in the false pelvis
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder
the bulbourethral glands are inferior to the prostate gland
the ejaculatory duct is formed by the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral gland
the prostate gland increases in size with age
the ejaculatory fuct is formed by the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral gland
Instead of an inferior vesicular artery, women have a __________.
superior vesicular a.
vaginal a.
uterine a.
umbilical a.
uterine a.
Which structure passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
pudendal nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
inferior gluteal artery
piriformis muscle
pudenal nerve
Which of the following is NOT a visceral branch off of the Internal Iliac artery?
inferior vesicular a.
obturator a.
umbilical a.
internal pudendal a.
obturator a.
The vagina
opens directly into the vestibule.
forms the cervix of the uterus.
is a muscular tube posterior to the rectum.
is often blocked by a hymen at its superior end.
opens directly into the vestibule
The dorsal nerve of the penis runs with the
dorsal vein of the penis.
dorsal artery of the penis.
deep artery of the penis.
spongy urethra.
dorsal artery of the penis
