Final Flashcards
Why has the average lifespan increased? 4
Better healthcare
Better nutrition
Better sanitation
Better working conditions
Define health
The overall well being of the body, mind, and relationships with other people
Difference between primary and secondary emotions
Primary-shown by everyone everywhere
Secondary-shown differently in different places
Why is it important to identify stress early?
Figure out what is stressing you, stress affects short term and long term health
What is a mental disorder/how are they recognized?
Illness of the mind. Recognized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behavior
Dietary guidelines for Americans tell us…
How to make smart food choices
How to balance smart food choices
How to handle food safely
The chemical process in which your body breaks down food is called?
Metabolism
What does NOT provide you with energy?
Water
Daily values, on a food label, are calculated for the average person who consumes a total of how many calories a day?
2,000
On a food label, ingredients are listed in order by:
Weight from most to least
Manufactures will use alternate names for “sugar” on a food label. Anything ending in what three letters is a key that it is an alternate name for sugar?
“Ose”
What is NOT a role in fat?
Growth and repair of body tissue
What part of your body produces cholesterol?
Liver
What is the most important role of protein?
Growth and repair of body tissue
What is your basal metabolic rate?
The rate at which you use energy when your body is at rest
What is a GMO crop in the US
CORN Soybean Canola Sugar beats Cotton Hawaiian papaya Zucchini Yellow squash Alfalfa
The body’s physical need for food is called:
Hunger
A disorder in which a person regularly has an uncontrollable urge to eat large amounts of food WITHOUT purging is called:
Binge eating disorder
A friend who eats an entire pizza in ten minutes and then forces himself to vomit may have an eating disorder called:
Bulimia
Emerald is worried about her friend Sue. Emerald has been noticing that use is losing weight rapidly. She always leaves the cafeteria after eating and heads to the washroom. Sue is very focused on losing weight. Based on this information, what can you conclude about Sue?
Sue May have an eating disorder
T/F: eating disorders are a mental health disorder
True
T/F: even when they are extremely thin, people with anorexia see themselves as fat
True
T/F: a person with a binge eating disorder is likely to have an irritated throat and eroded tooth enamel
False
T/F: water soluble vitamins can be stored stored by the body
False
T/F: you can die from an eating disorder
True
Saturated fat is known as the “good” fat
False
T/F: pop is a good substitute for water because it is still a liquid
False
The majority of food in the genetically modified
True
What nutrients supply the body with energy?
Fats
Proteins
carbohydrates
List 2 genetically modified crops in the US
Corn Canola Soybeans Sugar beets Alfalfa Hawaiian papaya Zucchini Yellow squash
What are the six classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Water Vitamins Minerals
What are the 3 functions of the male reproductive system?
Produce sex hormones
Produce and protect sperm
Deliver sperm to female reproductive system
What 2 hormones besides testosterone affect sperm production?
LH & FSH
Name 3 internal structures of the male reproductive system
Cowper’s gland
Prostate gland
Seminal vesicle
What gland secretes sex hormones in females?
Ovaries
What two sex hormones are released by the pituitary gland?
LH & FSH
List two functions of the ovaries
Produce eggs
Produce estrogen & progesterone
List the three functions of the female reproductive system
Produce sex hormones
Produce eggs
Provide a nourishing environment for a fertilized egg
What happens in these days during a menstrual cycle:
1-4
14-15
1-4:uterine lining is shed
14-15: ovary releases mature egg, best time to get pregnant
During childbirth, the baby passes out of the mothers body through the…
Vagina
The third stage of birth involves contractions of the uterus that push out the placenta, or the…
Afterbirth
During the postpartum period…
The mother experiences hormonal changes
Which structure containing blood vessels that carry the nutrients and oxygen from mother to the embryo?
Umbilical cord
What happens during the first stage of the menstrual cycle?
Menstruation
Immediately after fertilization, the fetishizes egg and sperm is called a…
Zygote
During implantation,
The blastocyst attaches to the wall of the uterus
T/F: at the end of labor, the contractions become increasingly closer together, so they are only a few seconds apart
True
T/F: The placenta prevents dangerous substances from passing from the mother to the embryo
True
T/F: When two separate sperm fertilize two different eggs, identical twins result
False
T/F: During labor, the baby is born
False
T/F: The baby is given a shot of vital B to prevent infection
False
T/F: When an umbilical cord is cut, it does not hurt the baby
True
T/F: near the end of labor, the cervix becomes softer and wide enough for the fetus to pass through
True
T/F: fetus develops their feet before their hands
False
T/F: the longer the fetus is in the womb the healthier the baby will be at birth
True
T/F: The baby usually enters the world head first
True
T/F: 75% of all sperm die
False
What is the muscular organ that holds the developing embryo?
Uterus
What are three structures in the uterus that protect and nurish the embryo?
The umbilical cord,placenta, and amniotic sac
Two functions of the umbilical cord
The umbilical cord brings nutrients to the baby and brings oxygen to the baby
List the three stages of birth, in order
Labor
Delivery of the baby
Delivery of the afterbirth
Define theoretical effectiveness
Theoretical user effectiveness is when birth-control is used perfectly correct
Defined actual-user effectiveness
Birth-control may not be used correctly
How do the barrier methods birth-control work?
Prevent the sperm from reaching the egg
The removal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation
Withdrawal
A surgical procedure in which the Fallopian tubes or the bad deferens are tied off or cut
Surgical sterilization
A soft rubber cup with a round rim, which fits snugly around the cervix. this may be difficult to insert
Cervical cap
A dome-shaped rubber disk with a flexible rim that covers the cervix
Diaphragm
A shot of synthetic progesterone that is given every three months to change the natural menstrual cycle and to prevent ovulation
Depo-provera(shot)
A pill that contains only progesterone, which changed the natural menstrual cycle and prevent ovulation
Mini pill(POP)
Skin patch worn on the body that releases hormones into the bloodstream
Contraceptive
A flexible ring about two inches in diameter that is inserted into the vagina and releases hormones
Nuvaring
T/F: Bacterial infections are treatable and curable
True
T/F: One in four Americans has an STD
True
T/F: one of the best ways to avoid contracting an STD is practice sexual abstinence
True
T/F: STI stands for sexually transmitted infection
True
T/F: Anyone 12 or older can receive testing without parental consent for STDs
True
T/F: Gonorrhea is the most common bacterial STD in the US
False
T/F: Most people infected with chlamydia do not have symptoms
False
T/F: Most woman infected with gonorrhea experience no symptoms
True
T/F: Symptoms for chlamydia occur within 6 to 8 months after exposure
False
T/F: The DuPage County health Department provides free testing for HIV/AIDS
True
T/F: HBV, aids, and genital herpes are all curable STDs
False
T/F: All symptoms will disappear in the first and second stage of syphilis without treatment
True
T/F: Congenital syphilis is treatable but the damage is irreversible
True
T/F: Pubic lice can ONLY be found in the infected individual’s public hair
False
T/F: HPV is easily spread through skin to skin contact
True
T/F: HPV can lead to cervical cancer
True
T/F: laser surgery is one method of treatment for genital warts
True
T/F: It is possible to pass herpes simplex II to partners when symptoms are not present
True
T/F: Hepatitis B can increase the risk of kidney cancer
False
T/F: PID causes scar tissue in the Fallopian tubes preventing fertilization
True
T/F: epididymitis is a symptom of genital warts
True
T/F: “trich” is caused by bacterial infection
False
T/F: In the asymptomatic stage of HIV people cannot contact others
False
T/F: pubic lice is a viral infection
False
T/F: syphilis does not increase the risk of HIV
False
Syphilis the number one bacterial STD in DuPage County
False
T/F: a person infected with pubic lice may experience intense itching with lice are attached
True
T/F: Persons infected with HIV infection may have no outward signs of the disease for months or years
True
T/F: You cannot get HIV-AIDS from insect bites
True
T/F: an opportunistic infection attacks a weekened immune system of a person with HIV/AIDS
True
List three risky behavior that are creating the STD epidemic
Ignoring risks
Having multiple partners
Sharing needles
List four behaviors that help to avoid STDs
Abstinence
Choose responsible partners
Barrier protection
Don’t do drugs
What four body fluids can transmit HIV infection
Semen
Blood
Breast milk
Vaginal secretions
What are the four common methods of transition of HIV
Unprotected sex
Sharing needles
Mother to baby
Blood transfusions
Why is pelvic inflammatory disease such a serious problem in women?
PID can lead to infertility
Arrhythmia are…
Irregular heart beats
Cancer harms the body by…
Destroying healthy tissues
On average, someone dies from a heart attack every __ seconds
15
The American heart association recommends ___ minutes of physical activity per day to contribute to a healthy cardiovascular system
60
Blood-pressure constantly ___ or higher is called hypertension
140/90
A ___ is the death of Cardiac muscles caused by a lack of blood flow to the heart
Heart attack
______ Is a condition that occurs when the hearts pumping ability is below normal capacity and fluid accumulates in the lungs
Congestive heart failure
An angioplasty is…
- A tube with a balloon that is inserted into a blocked artery
- A balloon that is inflated to keep an artery
- Metal stent that remains in the artery to keep the artery open
_______ Is the second leading cause of death US
Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the Runaway growth of _______
Tumors
______ cancer is the most common form of cancer in women
Breast
Prostate cancer typically occurs in men over the age of______
65
The most common form of arthritis is ______
Osteoarthritis
T/F: cigarette smoking causes arteries to narrow
True
T/F: stress causes the heart to pump more often than it should
True
T/F: cancer, is a slow controlled growth of abnormal cells
False
T/F: excess weight increases the weight of high blood cholesterol
True
T/F: an oncogene is a substance that causes an allergy
False
T/F: Rheumatoid arthritis affects both young and old
True
T/F: melanoma is serious and often lethal form of skin cancer
True
What are the risks factors for CVD that you CANNOT control?
Heredity gender age ethnicity
What are the two types of diabetes, and how are they different?
Type 1- mostly younger people, pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin
Type 2- mostly older people, cells don’t respond to insulin
What are the three risk factors that you CAN control to avoid cardiovascular disease?
Weight, diet, physical activity, manage stress, blood pressure, no smoking/drinking
List three symptoms of a heart attack
Chest discomfort pain in other parts of the body shortness of breath cold sweat nausea lightheadedness
What are the risk factors for cancer?
Tobacco
STDs
obesity
family history
How can the risk factors for cancer be reduced?
Abstinence be active healthy weight nutritious food protect from sun no tobacco/alcohol air pollution family history chemicals Know warning signs
Why is alcohol considered to be a drug?
Highly addictive, affects of persons body and behavior
What four factors can affect blood alcohol content?
Gender-males have lower BAC
Size- bigger=lower BAC, smaller=higher BAC
Food in stomach-food in stomach=lower BAC
Rate of consumption-more drinks in 1 hour=higher BAC
What are three life threatening effects of intoxication?
Car crashes
overdose
introduction to other drugs
What is nicotine?
Addictive substance in tobacco
What is tar?
Thick fluid from smoking tobacco
What is carcinogen?
Causes cancer
What is mainstream smoke?
Smoke form smoker’s lungs
What is Side stream smoke?
Smoke directly from cigarette
What is Thirdhand smoke?
Smoke from furniture, curtains, and clothes
List three dangers of secondhand smoke
- kids inhale smoke
- respiratory problems
- addictive/influence kids
- lead to cancer
