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Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

A

A committee was appointed to draft it, consisting of: Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, Benjamin Franklin, Robert R. Livingston, John Adams. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer.

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2
Q

When was the Declaration of Independence written?

A

July 4, 1776

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3
Q

the event that resulted in the new colonial government to worry about the possibility of widespread anarchy; it also convinced many state legislatures to support a revision of the Articles of Confederation

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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4
Q

the revolt of the American colonists against the British Empire during the years of 1775-1783 due to unfair quartering of troops, taxation without representation, etc.

A

Revolutionary War

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5
Q

the war that arose between the North and the South after several states in the south chose to secede from the nation due to disagreements over slavery (1861-1865)

A

Civil War

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6
Q

the war that caused much of Britain’s debts, which led to the taxation of their colonies

A

The French and Indian War

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7
Q

War of 1812

A
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8
Q

taxes passed by Parliament in 1765 upon any paper goods

A

Stamp Act

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9
Q

a law by English Parliament that made the colonists concerned that the influence of the Catholic Church and the wars of Europe would be coming to America

A

Quebec Act

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10
Q

Britain passed an act allowing for troops to stay in colonists homes during and after the French and Indian War, despite protests from the colonists; this event is the reason for the 3rd Amendment

A

British Quartering of Troops

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11
Q

a spiritual awakening that produced potent political forces central among these being the idea of personal liberty

A

The Reformation

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12
Q

a result of Britain’s sending of troops to act as the policing force in the American colonies and the outrage of the colonists towards such

A

Boston Massacre

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13
Q

the American colonists’ act of retaliation towards the taxes placed on tea by the British Parliament

A

Boston Tea Party

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14
Q

in September 1774, representatives from every colony (except Georgia) met in Philadelphia for two months and issued a Declaration of Grievances to George III

A

First Continental Congress

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15
Q

functioned as the national government during the Revolutionary War (1775-1789) and drafted the Articles of Confederation

A

Second Continental Congress

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16
Q

in 1781, this document established a central government based on the consent of the newly formed state governments

A

Articles of Confederation

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17
Q

a society in which differing opinions and parties exist freely

A

pluralistic society

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18
Q

government by the people

A

democracy

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19
Q

a form of dictatorship government ruled by an elite group with supreme power

A

oligarchy

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20
Q

a government ruled directly by God or the clergy

A

theocracy

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21
Q

cruel or oppressive governmental rule; Rule of many becoming the rule of one.

A

tyranny

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22
Q

the absence of government or law

A

anarchy

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23
Q

a protest against concentrated power in both the church and state

A

moral dissent

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24
Q

theory of government that states that government is formed by consent of the governed

A

social contract

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25
Q

philosophy of government that asserts that the people are the ultimate source of their government’s authority

A

popular sovereignty

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26
Q

the principle of keeping each branch of government in check through the power of another branch of government with the goal of hindering the concentration of power and thus protecting personal liberty

A

checks and balances

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27
Q

a principle that limits government to only those powers granted by law

A

limited government

28
Q

the redrawing of district boundaries to favor a particular party or group of people

A

gerrymandering

29
Q

constitutional clause giving lawmakers great leeway in making laws “necessary and proper” for the execution of enumerated and implied powers; also called the elastic clause

A

necessary and proper clause

30
Q

the president’s power to refuse to sign a bill into law

A

veto

31
Q

the automatic veto of a bill if the president leaves it unsigned for ten days during a congressional adjournment

A

pocket veto

32
Q

two major parties working together to support an issue

A

bipartisan

33
Q

smallest unit of election districts and party administration

A

precint

34
Q

(1) Historically, a small meeting of a political party’s top leaders and legislators in Congress in order to select party nominees (2) A form of district and state conventions used to nominate candidates in areas that do not hold primaries

A

caucus

35
Q

a candidate who is the current officeholder

A

incumbent

36
Q

residents of a district represented by an elected official

A

constituents

37
Q

attempting to persuade people to follow a crowd by insisting that “everyone else is voting for this candidate”

A

bandwagon

38
Q

making broad statements that sound good but lack substance, such as “My party stands for peace and prosperity.”

A

glittering generalities

39
Q

using selective data from polls, government reports, and other sources to support one side of an issue while disregarding information to the contrary

A

card stacking

40
Q

tactic used in the Senate to prevent or delay a bill’s passage; usually consists of one or more senators giving extended speeches

A

filibuster

41
Q

tactics used by interest groups to influence public officials

A

lobbying

42
Q

a list of rights and warning of which the police must inform the accused prior to questioning

A

Miranda Rule

43
Q

prevents the government from establishing any religion as the official national religion; in subsequent court cases it has been interpreted as justification for a wall of separation between church and state

A

establishment clause

44
Q

protects religious practices from government restriction within broad, reasonable boundaries

A

free exercise clause

45
Q

governmental actions that attempt to ensure that liberty is extended to everyone

A

civil rights

46
Q

protect individual freedoms from government

A

civil liberty

47
Q

denying someone the right to vote

A

disfranchisment

48
Q

What are the three branches of government?

A

executive
legislative
judicial

49
Q

What are the three levels of government?

A

local
state
national

50
Q

government powers specifically listed in the Constitution; also called expressed powers

A

enumerated powers

51
Q

national government powers derived from powers expressly given by the Constitution

A

implied powers

52
Q

How many states are required to ratify an amendment?

A

3/4 of the states’ legislatures or by the approvals of 3/4 of special state ratification conventions

53
Q

How many representatives are in the House of Representatives?

A

435

54
Q

counted slaves as only three-fifths of a person in the means of representation of a state

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

55
Q

Where was the first significant example of pure democracy found?

A

Athens, Greece

56
Q

What is the order of authority outlined in the Supremacy Clause?

A
  1. US Constitution
  2. federal law
  3. treaties
  4. state constitution
  5. state laws
  6. local laws
57
Q

(1620) established the first government in the New World based on a social contract

A

Mayflower Compact

58
Q

first written constitution in the United States

A

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)

59
Q

a law issued by Massachusetts that required parents to provide for the education of their children

A

The Education Act of 1642

60
Q

a law that required a town that had 50 or more families to provide a primary school

A

Old Deluder Satan’s Act of 1647

61
Q

(1215) The “Great Charter” that stated that there were certain rights of which the government could not rightfully deprive an Englishman of; shows that government was limited in its reach by laws that all mean, including the king, were bound to obey

A

Magna Carta

62
Q

(1688) the bloodless revolution in England which resulted in Parliament firmly establishing its authority over the king

A

Glorious Revolution

63
Q

(1619) the first representative assembly in the New World, organized by the Virginia Colony

A

House of Burgessess

64
Q

wrote a majority of The Federalist Papers

A

Alexander Hamilton

65
Q

a revival that brought spiritual life back to importance in the colonies

A

Great Awakening

US Government (1 decks)

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