Final Flashcards
A process in which people express their genetic tendencies by finding environments that match and enhance those tendencies
Active niche-picking
Standardized measures of learning connected with academic subjects
Achievement test
The emotional bond that develops between an infant and caregivers between an infant and caregivers during the first year of life
Attachment
Changes in the way we think, understand and reason about the world
Cognitive development
The influence of genetic inheritance on children’s development
Nature
Tests used to assess brain function
Neuropsychological tests
The influence of the environment on children’s development
Nurture
A process in which professionals critique an article and make suggestions for improvement before it is published
Peer review
The tendency to see and understand something in the way you expected
Perceptual bias
Assessments based on an individual’s projections of aspects of their own personality onto ambiguous external stimuli such as an inkblot
Projective tests
Changes in the overall nature of what you are examining
Qualitative changes
A change in the amount or quantity of what you are measuring
Quantitative changes
The help more experienced people give to help kids go beyond their present level of capabilities
Scaffolding
The same pathways may lead to different development outcomes
Multifinality
Different development pathways may result in the same outcome
Equifinality
Changing your mental schemas so that the new experiences
Accommodation
Freud second stage of development during which toddlers sexual energy is focused on the anus toilet training and control our major issues
Anal stage
Fitting new experiences into extent existing mental schema
Assimilation
The theory developed by John B Watson that focused on environmental control of observable behavior
Behaviorism
The process by which a stimulus the unconditioned stimulus that naturally evokes a certain response the unconditioned response is paired repeatedly with a neutral stimulus eventually the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus and events the same response now called the conditioned response
Classical conditioning
The third stage in Piaget’s theory in which children between six and 12 years of age develop logical thinking that is still not abstract
Concrete operations
The part of the personality of that contends with the reality of the world and controls the basic drives
Ego
The inability to see the world from the perspective of people other than oneself
Egocentrism
Settings that the child never enters external to the child but which affect the child’s development nevertheless such as parents place of work
Exosystem
Piagets fourth stayed in which people 12 and older think both logically and abstractly
Formal operations
Freud’s fifth and final stage in which people 12 and older develops adult sexuality
Genital stage
According to psychoanalytic theory basic drive such a sex and hunger
Id
Cultural norms that guide the nature of the organizations and places that make up ones every day life
Macro system
The interaction among the various Settings image microsystem such as the child school and home
Mesosystem
The interaction of the person in her immediate settings such as homeschool our friendship groups
Microsystems
In operant conditioning The removal of an unpleasant stimulus makes the behavior more likely to happen again
Negative reinforcement
The understanding that I have Jack still exist when an infant does not
Object permanence
The process that happens when the response that follows a behavior cause that behavior to happen more
Operant conditioning
Piaget’s second stage of development and which children’s ages 2 to 7 have not yet have a logical thought instead think magically an egocentric
Preoperational stage
Ericsson stages that are based on central conflict to be resolved involving the social world and development of the identity
Psychosocial stages
Changes in the overall nature of what you’re examining
Qualitative change
Changes in the amount or quantity of what you are measuring
Quantitative change
Pandora’s concept of a belief in our power to influence our own functioning and life circumstances
Self efficacy
He is Jay’s final stage in which infants learn through their senses and their actions upon the world
Sensorimotor stage
According to vygotsky this is what the child cannot do on her own but can do with a little help from someone more skilled or knowledgeable
Zone of proximal development development
Frueds concept of the conscious or sense of right and wrong
Super ego
The idea that info processed through a series of mental locations sensory to short term to long term memory stores
Stores model
