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Positive Psychology FINAL > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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0
Q

What 5 things did we say that forgiveness is in class?

A
  1. Giving up or ceasing to harbor resentment for a wrong someone has committed to oneself.
  2. Reducing negative feelings, thoughts, and behaviors towards the person.
  3. Increasing positive thoughts, behaviors, feelings towards the person.
  4. A process
  5. A paradox that we come out enriched and not diminished.
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1
Q

Who is Kim Phuc and how is her story related to forgiveness?

A

She was a burn victim in Vietnam war. Met a pilot. Forgave him. Prayed. Is president of NPO for child war victims

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2
Q

What 5 things did we say forgiveness is NOT in class?

A
  1. Pardoning what someone has done
  2. Condoning or justifying what someone has done
  3. Excusing what someone has done
  4. Forgetting what someone has done
  5. Denying the harm of what someone has done
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3
Q

What are the 6 reasons people give for forgiving?

A
  1. Quiet your angry feelings and be more peaceful.
  2. To reduce the harmful effects of anger and hostility on health.
  3. To free move on from the past.
  4. To develop better relationships with others.
  5. To improve your relationship with the one who hurt you.
  6. To motivate the other person to change(?).
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4
Q

What are the four phases of forgiveness?

A
  1. Uncovering your anger.
  2. Deciding to forgive.
  3. Working on forgiveness.
  4. Discovery and release from negative emotions.
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5
Q

5 questions for determining when positive thinking is beneficial?

A
  1. Does the person telling us about it have something to gain?
  2. Is it presented as a solution for all your problems?
  3. Is it just a wish or does it include action?
  4. Is it just a way of denying reality?
  5. Can we use science to determine if it works?
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6
Q

Definition of humility?

A

The ability to see yourself accurately with all of your strengths and weaknesses.

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7
Q

4 negative associations with humility?

A
  1. Being weak
  2. Being passive
  3. Lacking self-respect
  4. Lacking self-confidence
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8
Q

Definition of narcissism?

A

The tendency to overestimate ones abilities or importance.

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9
Q

How might humility protect against mania and depression?

A

Accurately seeing your weaknesses may protect you against the inflated self-esteem of mania.

Accurately seeing your strengths will protect against the low self-esteem of depression.

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10
Q

Definition of prudence?

A

The ability to know how and when to regulate your behavior to meet your goals.

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11
Q

Ways that self-control is like a muscle?

A
  1. It requires both psychological and physical exertion.
  2. The capacity for self-control becomes depleted after it is used.
  3. It can grow stronger through regular exercise.
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12
Q

What were the findings of Walter Mischel’s marshmallow experiment regarding the grabbers and the waiters?

A

Grabbers- were found to have low self esteem, be stubborn, envious and frustrated.

Waiters- better copers, more socially competent, self-assertive, trustworthy and dependable. Also more academically successful.

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13
Q

Findings of Rodin and Langer’s experiment regarding those who were and were not assigned to care for plants?

A

Those that were assigned improved in health. They were also more vigorous and social able.

More died in the low control group.

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14
Q

Definition of self-efficacy?

A

Belief that you can do what it takes to reach an important and specific goal.

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15
Q

4 ways that self-efficacy may make a difference?

A
  1. It may make you more likely to approach difficult tasks as challenges to be mastered rather than threats to be avoided.
  2. It may make you set more challenging goals.
  3. It may enable you to quickly recover and sustain your efforts in the face of failure.
  4. It may reduce the stress and emotional distress you experience when engaging in a challenging activity.
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16
Q

2 ways self efficacy may improve your health?

A

Increase good health behaviors

Decrease stress response

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17
Q

Bandura’s 5 sources of self efficacy?

A
  1. Performance experiences
  2. Vicarious experiences
  3. Verbal persuasion
  4. Imaginable experiences
  5. Physiological and emotional states
18
Q

What is the life-orientation test?

A

It measures optimism and pessimism.

19
Q

What are the 2 subscales of the dispositional hope scale spectrum?

A

Agency and pathway thinking

20
Q

How might optimism be related to better outcomes?

A

It may be related to increased self efficacy.

It is related to persevering at trying to reach your goals.

It is related to a more active, problem solving approach to stress and reaching goals.

21
Q

Difference between optimism and hope?

A

Optimism is expecting good things to happen.

Hope involves actively doing something to make good things happen.

22
Q

Why might have optimism evolved in humans?

A

To help us counteract the fear and paralysis that thoughts about negative outcomes and death might entail.

23
Q

Depressive realism?

A

The idea that depressed people are less optimistic but more realistic than people who are not depressed.

24
Q

What are the 3 meanings that have been associated with humor?

A
  1. Playful recognition of incongruities. 2. Ability to make others laugh.
  2. A cheerful view on adversity.
25
Q

What trait has been most associated with humor?

A

Cheerfulness

26
Q

George Valiant’s 2 main kinds of humor?

A

Hostile

Self depreciating

27
Q

2 primary measures of humor?

A

Situational humor response questionnaire

Coping humor scale

28
Q

4 major findings on humor and health?

A
  1. Humor may be a positive asset in recovery from illness.
  2. Humor may be a positive asset for dealing with morality.
  3. Humor may improve immune system functioning.
  4. Humor may reduce the harmful effects of the stress response.
29
Q

Definition of flow and what is it’s central feature?

A

Flow- subjective state people report when they are completely involved in an activity to the point of forgetting everything else such as time and fatigue.

Central feature- intense experimental involvement in moment to moment activity.

30
Q

What are the 3 foci of the appreciation of beauty and excellence?

A

Physical beauty

Skill and talent

Virtue or moral goodness

31
Q

5 emotional states related to the appreciation of beauty and excellence?

A 
Awe 
Wonder
Astonishment 
Admiration 
Gratitude
32
Q

What 2 things are necessary in order for the emotion of awe to occur?

A

The perceived vastness of a stimulus

Some difficulty accommodating into the individual’s knowledge structures

33
Q

2 kinds of gratitude?

A

Personal

Transpersonal

34
Q

3 moral functions of gratitude?

A

Serve as moral barometer

Serve as moral motive

Serve as moral reinforcer

35
Q

4 facets of gratitude?

A

Intensity
Frequency
Span
Density

36
Q

Definition of meaning and purpose?

A

Meaning- the extent to which we can find order or coherence in what happens around us

Purpose- degree to which we have valued goal or caked goals in our lives

37
Q

2 types of meaning?

A

Ultimate meaning in life

Specific meanings in life

38
Q

3 components of meaning?

A

Cognitive

Motivational

Emotional

39
Q

Authentic vs. imposed meaning?

A

Authentic- brings you energy, enables frequent bliss,

Imposed- parental (follow my footsteps), peers (be cool), society (house, family, etc.), extrinsic religiosity.

40
Q

Definition of spirituality?

A

Focuses on a personal relationship with sacred or divine

41
Q

7 reasons it may be bad for your health?

A 
Suspension of critical thinking 
Absolute obedience to one person
Conformity 
Justifying abuse in the name of God 
Twisting scripture 
Manipulation by fear
Social rejection
42
Q

4 reasons spirituality can be good for your health?

A

Increase sense of meaning
Good health behaviors
Positive emotions
Motivate and empower people to confront injustice and improved human community

43
Q

Brian Seaward’s 4 themes of spirituality?

A

Centering
Emptying
Grounding
Connecting

Positive Psychology FINAL (1 decks)

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