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Final Flashcards

1
Q

3 Steps of the design process

A

Think: understand the task at hand
Look: research ideas
Do: thinking through materials

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2
Q

Content & Form

A

Content: what you want to say
Form: How you say it

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3
Q

Harmony

A

pleasing combination of parts that make up the whole

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4
Q

Unity

A

the degree of agreement existing among the elements of a design

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5
Q

visual unity

A

elements have some type of visual relationship

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6
Q

intellectual unity

A

unified by an idea/theme

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7
Q

Gestalt Theory

A

human nature to group things together. We look for unity

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8
Q

Ways to achieve unity

A

Proximity: placing elements close to each other
Repetition: Something that repeats in various parts of a design
Continuation: something that continues by line, edge or implied direction; a leading line
Continuity: a visual relationship found between two or more designs

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9
Q

Focal Point

A

center of interest

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10
Q

Ways to create emphasis

A

contrast: color, value, texture
isolation: element in nothing or nothing in something
placement: dead center in canvas

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11
Q

proportion

A

element compared to the norm

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12
Q

scale

A

the size of the object

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13
Q

Hieratic scaling

A

more important objects are larger

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14
Q

human scale referencing

A

compared to human size-standard of the norm

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15
Q

internal proportions

A

scale of elements in a composition used to narrate or convey mood

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16
Q

exaggerate scale

A

objects placed out of context to evoke a response

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17
Q

golden rectangle

A

from the rotation of the diagonal of half a square. Considered to be a perfect ratio

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18
Q

golden mean

A

ratio of the parts to the whole

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19
Q

Fibonacci sequence

A

each new number is the sum of the previous two

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20
Q

balance

A

the equilibrium of forces in a composition

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21
Q

visual weight

A

the amount of attention an element in a composition draws

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22
Q

central/vertical axis

A

central vertical line, division of a composition left and right

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23
Q

equilibrium

A

when successful distribution of visual weights in a composition to where balance is achieved.

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24
Q

symmetrical balance

A

formal balance-similar elements in similar locations on each side of the central axis

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25
bilateral symmetry
exact repetition on central axis-mirror image
26
palindrome
a word read the same frontward and back
27
asymmetrical balance
informal balance-the placement of dissimilar objects in a composition achieving balance
28
radial balance
radiates outward from a central point
29
crystallographic balance
all over balance-no focal point
30
rhythm
principal based on repetition
31
kinesthetic empathy
our visual experience stimulates one of our other senses
32
legato
a connection and flowing rhythm
33
staccato
abrupt changes and dynamic contrast within the visual rhythm
34
alternating rhythm
successive pattern where elements reappear in a regular order
35
progressive rhythm
repetition of shapes that change in a regular pattern
36
polyrhythmic structures
the overlay of several rhythmic patterns in a composition
37
line
a point set in motion
38
3 types of lines
actual, implied, psychic
39
horizontal lines
at rest
40
vertical lines
line at attention
41
diagonal lines
implies movement, action in motion
42
contour line
defines an object
43
silhouette
the areas between the contours of a shape
44
gesture lines
show movement, weight, and posture
45
hatching and cross-hatching
series of lines to suggest value
46
shape
area created by an enclosing line or by color or value defining an outer edge
47
form-2D
another name for shape, flat, paintings
48
volume and mass-3D
objects that occupy space, in the round, sculptural
49
naturalism
as seen in real life
50
distortion
an exaggeration of shape
51
idealism
not as it is, but how it should be
52
abstraction
a simplification or reduction of form
53
biomorphic
abstract shapes allude to natural or organic forms
54
nonobjective
pure form, referring to nothing, simply shape
55
curvilinear
composed of compound curves-Art Nouveau
56
rectilinear
emphasis of right angles and rectangular planes
57
figure and ground
object and the space around it
58
positive and negative space
all areas inside object that defines it
59
pos/neg integration
creating equal visual interest of the pos and neg
60
shape ambiguity
no visual distinction between pos and neg
61
pattern
repetition of visual elements in a regular or anticipated manner. based on repetition
62
texture
the surface quality of an object based on repetition
63
actual (tactile) texture
by touch
64
impasto
use of thick pigment to create a 3D surface
65
visual (implied) texture
can't touch, but see it
66
verisimilitude
the impression or illusion of texture on a flat smooth surface
67
frottage
creating visual texture through the process of rubbing
68
Tromp l'oeil
rendered so tightly it confuses the viewer into thinking they are looking at the real thing
69
devices to create the illusion of space
``` size overlapping vertical location aerial perspective linear perspective ```
70
vanishing point
where parallel lines converge
71
horizon line
eye level to the viewer
72
amplified perspective
emphasis on an unusual point of view
73
foreshortening
distortion of shape due to perspective
74
multiple perspectives
an object seen from multiple points of view-Cubism
75
montage
recombination of images to form a new picture
76
isometric projection
use of right angle lines without foreshortening, imply depth without a vanishing point
77
open form
allows viewer to go outside the composition-cropping
78
closed form
everything is inside composition-keeps viewer inside-creates a flow
79
equivocal space
transparent nature of overlapping objects are seen completely
80
illusion of motion
anticipated movement-motion by implied line or gesture
81
repeated figure
the repetition of a figure seen in a chronological time line
82
figure cropped
where a figure breaks the plane suggesting more beyond the border
83
blurred outlines
blurring or stretching suggesting time duration-tracers
84
multiple image
repetition of figure stills suggesting movement
85
optical movement
illusions- visual effects where values jump their bounds-OP Art
86
value
lightness or darkness
87
value contrast
degree of difference of light and dark values
88
achromatic grays
mixtures of black and white only
89
chiaroscuro
use of light and dark values to imply depth
90
color
the property of light
91
Sir Isaac Newton
passed white light through a prism which broke into a rainbow. credited with the development of the first color wheel in 1706
92
visible spectrum
wavelengths that can be seen
93
additive system
relating to light. colors of light, when combined, lighten to white. RGB
94
subtractive system
relating to pigments. colors of pigment, when added, darken to muddy grays. CKYK
95
color constancy
color compensation by the mind contrary to visible evidence, lighting conditions
96
color influence
lenonardo de vinci said, "colors will appear what they are not, according to the ground that surrounds it
97
3 properties of color
hue value chroma
98
primary hues
r,y,b can't be mixed
99
secondary hues
middle mix of 2 primary colors
100
tertiary hues
middle mix of primary and secondary
101
optical mixtures
visual color mixing. Juxtaposed color in small quantity will optically blend-Post Impressionism=pointilliism
102
light and shadow
shadow is the compliment to its light source
103
monochromatic
one color tinted and shaded
104
analogous
colors found next to each other on the color wheel
105
complimentary
opposite on color wheel
106
split compliment
one or both split into analogous
107
triadic
andy 3 equally spaced colors
108
color discord
colors that repel each other-subjective
109
local color
color seen under normal day light
110
optical color
color we actually see under controlled conditions
111
arbitrary color
subjective use-liberty to use any color for any reason
112
emotional color
colors and/or combinations of that evoke an emotional response
113
color symbolism
color to signify human character traits or concepts
114
simultaneous contrast
vibrating color-2 juxtaposed colors that jump their bounds-shimmer
115
successive contrast
afterimage due to retinal fatigue

2D Design (2 decks)

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