final

Question 1

Kidneys and Homeostasis

Answer 1

1. ) Excretion of metabolic wastes
2. ) Maintenance of Water-salt balance
3. ) Maintenance of Acid-base balance
4. ) Secretion of Hormones

Question 2

Overview of Urinary System

Answer 2

1. )Kidneys produce urine
2. ) Ureters transport urine
3. ) Urinary bladder stores urine
4. ) Urethra passes urine to outside

Question 3

Basic Function of the Kidney

Answer 3

• Nephrons
• Basic Structural and Functional unit of the kidney
• Regulate water and soluble substances by filtering blood, reabsorbing what is needed and converting the rest to urine

Question 4

Urinary Bladder Anatomy

Answer 4

A collapsible bag located behind the symphysis pubis made mostly of smooth muscle tissue
-can distend considerably

Question 5

Urinary Bladder Physiology

Answer 5

• Reservoir for urine before it leaves the body

- Aided by the urethra, expels urine from the body

Question 6

Overview of the kidney function

Answer 6

The basic functional unit of the kidney is the nephron which forms urine through three processes.

1. ) Filtration
2. ) Tubular reabsorption
3. ) Tubular Secretion

Question 7

Filtration

Answer 7

The first step in blood processing that occurs in the renal corpuscles

Question 8

Reabsorption

Answer 8

• The second step in urine formation

- It occurs as a result of passive and active transport

Question 9

Reabsorption of Water

Answer 9

Stage 1: Reabsorption of salt
Stage 2: Establishment of a solute gradient
Stage 3: Reabsorption of water

Question 10

Meiosis

Answer 10

• Cell division resulting in the haploid number of chromosomes (23)
• Consists of two divisions, meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 which are made up of an Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Question 11

Spermatogenesis

Answer 11

The process by which primitive male sex cells become transformed into mature sperm beginning approximately at puberty and continuing throughout a man’s life

Question 12

Oogenesis

Answer 12

The process by which primitive female sex cells become transformed into mature ova

Question 13

Prenatal Period

Answer 13

• The period from conception to birth
• Development initially progresses from fertilization to mitosis to implantation
• After 3 days of mitosis a solid mass of cells called a morula is formed
• The morula develops into a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst which is implanted in the uterine lining approximately 10 days after fertilization

Question 14

Periods of development

Answer 14

The gestation period is approximately 39 weeks and is divided into three 3 month segments called trimesters

Question 15

Tissue Development

Histogenesis

Answer 15

The process by which the primary germ layers develop into different kinds of tissues

Question 16

Tissue Development

Organogenesis

Answer 16

How tissues arrange themselves into organs

Question 17

Causes of death

Answer 17

Developed countries: Heart disease, cancer and stroke

Developing countries: Heart disease, Stroke, HIV/AIDS, diarrheal disorders and malaria

Question 18

Regulation of Urine Volume

Answer 18

Aldosterine: Increases Tubular Absorption, decreases arterial pressure

ANH: Decreases Tubular Absorption, Increases arterial pressure

ADH: Increases Absorption, decreases arterial pressure.