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Disaster Sociology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Physical vulnerability

A

Extent to which a geographical location is prone to hazards

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1
Q

Vulnerability

A

Extent individuals, group, pop are susceptible, prone, predisposed to impacts of hazards and disasters

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2
Q

Resilience

A

Ability to withstand disaster impacts and cope with impacts and recover ASAP

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3
Q

Social vulnerability

A

Susceptibility of social groups to the impacts of hazards and resiliency and the ability to recover

Money, poverty, socio economic status, gender, race

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4
Q

Methods of research

A

Field experiments
Field work methods: In depth interviews, observation(part/ non)
Collect archival materials

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5
Q

Disaster life cycle

A 
Mitigation/ preparation 
Impact 
Emergency response 
Recovery
Rehabilitation
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6
Q

CHE

A

Complex humanitarian emergencies.
Total breakdown of authority bc internal/ external conflict which demands an international response beyond capacity if single agency

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7
Q

Altruistic community

A

Alan Barton
Out of way for others
Unselfish, and obligation for welfare of others in disaster

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8
Q

Structural functionalism

A

Restore self to equilibrium, disasters temp disturb equilibrium and Social system. External help to restore. Focus on silver lining.
Bad- priceless stuff not calculated, health/ psychological consequences not adequately addresses

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9
Q

Silver linings

Function Of disasters

A

Agencies, organizations benefit from in long run.
Rebuilding retrofitting infrastructure.
Outside money flow to disaster site.
May stimulate local economy.
Producers outside effected area benefit and get their business.
Expose social problems with social structure-chronic poverty, racism

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10
Q

Normal accident theory

A

Charles perrow

Accidents inevitable in highly complex and tight couples tech systems

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11
Q

High reliability theory

A

Scientists from Berkeley
No room for error
High tech systems put high premium on reliability

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12
Q

Disaster incubation theory

A

Turner 1987 pidgeon
Diachronic element often overlooked by other perspectives
Ignored, misunderstood, not taken seriously

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13
Q

Swiss cheese model

A

James reason

Unsafe condition bc consequences of per existing imperfections

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14
Q

Corrosive community

A

Anthropogenic disasters
Anger, anxiety, frustration, uncertainty, loss of trust in gov institutions
Lead to conflict, litigation, stress that destroys community over time

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15
Q

Declaration of disaster zone

A

Stafford act- requests for declaration by pres be made by gov

  • made through FEMA
  • damage assessment made
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16
Q

Sources of toxic waste

A 
Agriculture production- pesticides
Industrial activities- cadmium
Private households- asbestos, radon 
Military- radioactive 
E-Waste- lead, cadmium
17
Q

Itai-Itai disease

A

Japan
Cadmium from runoff water of mine to water rice fields
Women skeletal demineralization, achy bones joints, fracture, deform

18
Q

Minamata disease

A

Japan
Mercury
Methyl mercury into sea of minamata by chemical plant
Sensory impairment, impaired vision, narrow vision

19
Q

Disasters without borders

A

Disaster in one location capable of triggering thousands of other events miles away.
Laki volcano eruption- lava and acid rain- Japan’s rice- 2 yr killed 6 mil
El Niño in Peru = drought in India/ Australia

20
Q

Disaster cycle activities

A

Mitigation-structural and policy measures
Preparedness-planning, educational efforts, training
Impact-
Response-1st responders, search and rescue
Recovery-rebuilding, rehab

20
Q

Local public sector role

A

1st to respond

Employ trained EMT, firefighters, police

20
Q

Private sector

A

Long term medical care-paramedics, hospitals, clinics, mortuaries
Shelter-hotels

20
Q

Nonprofit sector

A

Charitable agencies prohibited by law form gaining financially for services
Red Cross

20
Q

Red Cross

A

Disaster health services
Mental health services
Family services
Mass care

20
Q

ICRC

Internat committee of the Red Cross

A

Humanity-help in need
Impartiality-assist w/o discrimination
Neutrality-no preference towards side
Independence-autonomous according to laws of each nation
Voluntary service-not profit, charitable services
Unity-1 per country
Universality-all societies equally important

20
Q

Low/ high level radiation exposure

A

High-acute kill that day

Low-chronic kill in the long term

20
Q

Health problems associated

A

Injuries, death, drowning, blunt trama

20
Q

Acute illnesses

A

Directly or indirectly causing illness in exposed pop.
Acute-exposure causes dermal, ocular irritation and burns
Poisoning-death

20
Q

Gulf war syndrome

A

Neurological disorder from chemical agents in war

20
Q

Acute stress disorder

Disaster amnesia

A

Disorientation after disaster

21
Q

Chronic illnesses

A

Increase morbidity from chronic health conditions

PTSD-tech disasters, hybrid. Terrorism.
Elevated anxiety, distrust, fear, high stress

22
Q

Social capital

A

Access to lifelines, network of social relationships that people can count on the help

23
Q

Superfund

CERCLA

A

1980 after love canal
Authorizes gov to respond to toxic and hazardous material releases
Holds parties accountable for releases and liable to clean up and if can’t gov does
Determine # of inactive hazardous waste sites NPL
21% as of 2006

24
Q

Precautionary principle

A

Scientific uncertainty about safety or potentially harm from chemicals or tech then manufacturers or decision makers should to everything possible to prevent harm
❎burden of proof falls on manufacturers

25
Q

Sustainability

A

Using env. To meet our burner needs without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs

26
Q

EJ

A

No one/ group bear disproportionate share of env. Hazards

Recognition of access to clean and healthy env. Is a basic right for everyone

27
Q

Asbestosis

A

Non cancerous lung disease from asbestos

28
Q

Agriculture st. Landfill

A

Reopened for hurricane Betsy and then redeveloped 1969
On NPL 1994 but not bought out by gov.
Tested showed over 100 toxic chemicals
-carcinogens, PCBs, lead

29
Q

Bhopal, India

A 
Worst industrial disaster 
1985-neat shanty towns for plant location 
Path of least resistance 
MIC toxic gases over 25 sq miles 
6,000 conservative death toll
15,00 Chronic  conditions
30
Q

Seveso, Italy

A

Wind blew from Meda to seveso
37,000 exposes
Chloracne, death, cancer, liver damage, birth defects, immune system dysfunction
Work wasn’t cancelled

31
Q

Guiya, China

A

Lead exposure for kids 1-6 yrs old
Death, skin irritation, headache, nausea, vertigo, chronic gastritis, ulcers
E Waste and was rice fields

Disaster Sociology (1 decks)

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