Final Flashcards
Ad hominem
Attacking the person making an argument rather then the argument itself
Ethos
False authority
Relying on claims of expertise when the claimed expert lacks adequate background in the relevant field, departs in major ways from the consensus in the field, or is biased has a financial stake in outcome
Ethos
Guilt by association
Linking the person making an argument to an unpopular person or group or linking the person making the argument or ordinary people
Ethos
Name calling
Labeling an opponent with words that have negative connotations in an effort to undermine the opponents credibility undermining an opponent’s credibility before offering that persons ideas
Ethos
Hasty generalization
Jumping to conclusions based upon an unrepresentative sample or insufficient evidence
Logos
Begging the question
Circular argument because the premis is the same as the claim that you are trying to prove
Logos
False dilemma
Misuse of the either or argument presenting only two options when other choices exist
Logos
Slippery slope
Asserts that one thing will inevitably lead to another with out offering adequate support
Logos
Non sequitur
The conclusion is not valid because a premise is untrue or because premise does not support the deduction stated in the claim
Logos
Smoke screen
Avoiding the real issue or tough question by introducing an unrelated topic as a distraction sometimes called a red herring
Logos
Appeal to fear, guilt, or pity
Using scare tactics to exaggerating possible dangers evoking an emotional reaction and demonstrating the issue at hand
Pathos
Bandwagon
Urging a reader to follow a course of action because everyone does it
Pathos
Appeal to tradition
People have been done it a certain way for a long time assumes that what has been customary in past is correct and proper
Pathos
Emotionally loaded language
Using slanted or biased language
Pathos
Imagery
Sensory details, proper names, verbs and adjectives, data and stats, feelings
