Final

Question 1

Whats the purpose of life tables?

Answer 1

To study bird populations

Question 2

Limitation

Answer 2

ceiling on population growth

Question 3

Regulation

Answer 3

effects of population density on population size

Question 4

What factors regulate or limit populations?

Answer 4

Density, Habitat, Food, Enemies (Parasites, Predators, and Disease)

Question 5

Floaters

Answer 5

non-breeding bird

Question 6

Helpers

Answer 6

in cooperative systems, help others

Question 7

Population crash

Answer 7

severe decline in population size

Question 8

Bottleneck

Answer 8

reduced genetic diversity

Question 9

Bellwethers

Answer 9

indicators of environmental health and biodiversity

Question 10

What is a species?

Answer 10

primary units for describing and analyzing biological diversity

Question 11

Assortative mating

Answer 11

historically species based on ability to interbreed

Question 12

Allopatry

Answer 12

species evolve in geographic isolation

Question 13

Secondary contact

Answer 13

divergent sister taxa that come back into contact

Question 14

Ring species

Answer 14

two reproductively isolated forms connected through a chain of interbreeding

Question 15

Natural selection

Answer 15

differential propagation of genotypes

Question 16

Gene flow

Answer 16

movement and incorporation of alleles among local population due to dispersal

Question 17

Dispersal

Answer 17

movement of individuals that has consequences on gene flow

Question 18

What are the two types of disperal?

Answer 18

Natal and Breeding

Question 19

Natal dispersal

Answer 19

move from place they hatched to first breeding attempt

Question 20

Breeding dispersal

Answer 20

move between breeding attempts

Question 21

Cline

Answer 21

local composition of genes from site to site

Question 22

What are the two types of cline?

Answer 22

static and dynamic

Question 23

Static cline

Answer 23

equilibrium between selection and gene flow is stable

Question 24

Dynamic cline

Answer 24

change in genes as a result of gene flow or advantage of one trait over alternatives

Question 25

Haldanes rules

Answer 25

heterogametic sex tends to be sterile more often

Question 26

Hybird zones

Answer 26

overlap between species where hybrids exist

Question 27

What are the types of bird communities?

Answer 27

Open and closed

Question 28

Closed communities

Answer 28

stable combos drawn from larger pool

Question 29

Open communities

Answer 29

fortuitous, dynamic assemblages of noninteracting species

Question 30

Species richness

Answer 30

number of coexisting species in a community

Question 31

Community diversity

Answer 31

extent to which communities are dominated by a few or many species

Question 32

What are the types of community diversity?

Answer 32

Alpha, Gamma, Beta

Question 33

Alpha diversity

Answer 33

number of species coexisting over a single point or site

Question 34

Beta diversity

Answer 34

extent to which species composition changes in different habitats

Question 35

Gamma diversity

Answer 35

total number

Question 36

Fundamental ecological niche

Answer 36

species-specific feeding requirements

Question 37

Foraging guild

Answer 37

group of species that eat the same resources in the same times and places

Question 38

Interference competiton

Answer 38

aggressive displacement

Question 39

Exploitative competiton

Answer 39

reduction of survival and RS

Question 40

Metacommunities

Answer 40

communities connected by dispersal (ex: islands)

Question 41

Conservation biology

Answer 41

science that sets priorities and integrates objectives into large scale ecosystem management plans

Question 42

What are the two types of metapopulations?

Answer 42

Sources and sinksS

Question 43

Sources

Answer 43

large populations where individuals disperse from

Question 44

Sinks

Answer 44

small populations prone to extinction