FINAL Flashcards
final exam prep
a critical turning point perceived as intolerable difficulty that overwhelms an individual’s coping mechanism
crisis
personal, family, cultural
levels of crisis
stressful, disorganized, potential for positive/negative outcomes
characteristics of crisis
developmental, traumatic, psychiatric
types of crisis
a deeply distressing or disturbing experience with long-term effects such as flashbacks and emotional dysregulation
trauma
interpersonal, relational, cultural
types of trauma
shame, guilt, loss of self, compulsive repetition
common impacts of trauma
re-experiencing traumatic events as disturbing present experiences, not just memories.
PTSD
reliving, avoidance, hyperarousal, cognitive changes
symptoms of PTSD
a formal intervention process to help individuals cope with traumatic events
critical incident stress management (CISM)
listen, assess, plan, commit
LAPC model
what is the purpose of the LAPC model?
used to guide immediate crisis intervention
caplan’s intervention model
primary, secondary, tertiary
primary
prevention
secondary
minimizing impact
tertiary
addressing long-term effects
zone of optimal arousal where emotional regulation is possible
window of tolerance
who is associated with window of tolerance?
dan siegel
techniques to stay in window of tolerance
mindfulness, grounding, deep breathing
what does emotional response to trauma include?
anxiety, panic, despair, shame… emotional dysregulation and avoidance behaviors
what does physical response to trauma include?
hyperarousal (increased heart rate, pupil dilation)
tonic immobility (freeze response)
long-term effects: stress hormones, altered brain function
characteristics of effective crisis counselors
tolerance for ambiguity, optimism, flexibility and positive regard
grounding techniques
teach clients to stay in the present
tools: deep breathing and mindfulness exercises
psychological first aid
eight core actions: stabilization, safety & comfort, information gathering, connection with social supports
healing modalities
EMDR, trauma-sensitive yoga, internal family systems (IFS)
- explains how the autonomic nervous system detects safety or danger
- involves the dorsal vagus, sympathetic system and ventral vagus
polyvagal theory
- safety and stabilization
- processing traumatic memories
- reconnecting with the present and building relationships
trauma recovery stages (herman)
- allows non verbal expression of memories and emotions
- effective in facilitating grief and trauma and healing
art therapy
risk factors of addition
- genetics, trauma history, attachment issues
- tolerance as a diagnostic criterion
suicide indicators
- personality traits, social stressors, family history
categories of suicide risk
ideation (no plan or intent), ideation (with plan and intent), ideation (with plan no intent)
cognitive, emotional, and physical reactions of grief/loss
- confusion, guilt, loneliness, fatigue
- common physical systems: headache, muscle pain
complicated grief
persistent, intense preoccupation with the loss that interferes with daily functioning
guidelines for crisis intervention
helping clients identify and express feelings, understanding the loss’s meaning
indicator of child abuse/neglect
- bruises, irritability, withdrawal, absenteeism
- child’s response influences by age, type/severity and family environment
reporting guidelines of child abuse
- provide identifying information and descriptions of injuries
- assess observable impairments in functioning
burnout
fatigue, detachment, hopelessness
compassion fatigue
cumulative trauma impact
how to do self-care as a counselor
exercise, balanced workload, supervision, work-life boundaries
how long does it take on average to overcome crisis?
6-8 weeks
