final Flashcards
What is a goniometer
Angle measuring device for motor performance by range of motion
What is a ergometer
a device to measure amount of work or energy
ex. bicycle ergometer, arm crank, rowing machine, nordic skiing, endless pool
What is an EKG versus an ECG
Same thing, electrocardiogram it measures the electrical activity of the heart
What is a pulse oximeter
Device that goes on finger and measures the concentration of oxygen in the blood stream
What does MRI stand for
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Different Types of Muscles
Type I: slow twitch
Type II: fast twitch
Type X: fast twitch
Fast Twitch Muscle fibers found in what athlete
sprinters and weight lifters
What is DEXA and what does it measure
DEXA is a dual energy x-ray
It measures bone density, fat-free mass, and fat (adipose tissue) [body composition]
What is RMR
Resting metabolic rate
What is a credentialing organization
professional organization or government agency that oversees and administers exams for certification, licensure, or registration of an individual program
How do you keep a certification
complete continuing education units (CEU’s)
What is a licensure
permission granted by office or legal authority to an individual or organization to engage in a practice or activity that would otherwise be illegal
What do biomechanists do
study of the body at rest and in motion, the forces on the body and effects they produce
What types of biomechanists are there
Clinical and Sport
What are the duties of an exercise physiologist
prescreen
exercise tests and evals
exercise perscriptions
edu on proper training techniques
supervise exercise programs
What is an ergonomist
study of humans and how they function in their environment [HR]
What is a doctor for bones and joints
Orthopedic Doctor
what is power?
the rate of doing work; the work done in a unit time
What is a podiatrist
Foot doctor
Definition of chronic disease
long term health condition
Difference between a strength & conditioning coach and personal trainer
Personal Trainers work for the individual and Strength and Conditioning Coaches work for teams
4 Types of Research Studies
Basic: Used to find new knowledge without concern for application
Applied: used to answer an immediate question or problem (focused on application)
Translational: apply to everyday practice in medical field (clinical trials)
Mixed-Methods: combination of qualitative and quantitative research
Perspective versus Retrospective
Prospective: studies to find outcomes by following an individual over time
Retrospective: looks at outcomes from the past asking individuals to recall them or analyzing past studies
Definition of Clinical Trial
A research study involving human volunteers that is meant to add to medical knowledge
3 Big epidemiological studies
Framing Heart Study
Heritage Family Study
NHANES
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and which ones are modifiable
Cannot be Changed: Modifiable (lifestyle changes):
aging smoking
male gender high cholestrol
family history uncontrolled BP
race physical inactivity
Uncontrolled diabetes
High C-reactive protien
Uncontrolled stress/ anger
Types of Cholestrols (good and bad)
HDL: Good
LDL, VLDL, chylomicrons, Triglycerides: Bad
What is NHANES
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Definition of Mortality
The rate of death in a population
Definition of Morbidity
The relative incidence of a particular disease
What is the American Heart Association and what do they study
Professional Org that studies heart disease and stroke
what is scope of practice?
a range of activities that healthcare professionals are permitted to perform based on their credentials
What is ACSM’s coined phrase
exercise is medicine
What are the methods of training
Plyometric training
High Altitude Training
What is pharmacological doping
Use of illegal medicinal aids to enhance sports performance
what is information processing?
cognitive process organized into three stages: stimulus recognition, response selection, & response programming
What is the female athlete triad
Osteoprososis
amenhorrea (irregular menses)
eating disorder
what does motor control study?
the neurological, physiological, and behavioral aspects of movement
The understanding of the mechanisms by which the nervous system activates the body muscles to coordinate movement
what is motor learning?
the study of how we become skilled at basic and advanced movements that are used in everyday life (by practice and experience)
What are ADL’s
Activities of daily living
What is NSCA
National Strength and Conditioning Association
what types of electrolytes do you lose when you sweat?
sodium, potassium, & calcium
Independent Variable Definition
The variable you are changing in an experiment
what is the stored form of glucose?
glycogen
Dependent Variable Definition
The variable you are measuring
what are free fatty acids?
the organic compound that most consumed fats are broken down into in the gastrointestinal tract
Quantitative Variable Examples
Height, weight, distance, time, age, ect.
what is glycogen?
the stored form of glucose, which is synthisized and stored in the liver & skeletal muscle
What is a Null Hyposethis
A “No” Hypothesis
Proves there is no correlation between the two variables
what is glucose?
sugar; primary energy source of the body
What is the central nervous system made of
brain and spine
what is a primary survey of an injured athlete?
ABCs:
Responsiveness, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Bleeding
What is the peripheral nervous system made of
sensory & motor -> automonic (involuntary) & somatic (voluntary) -> AUTONOMIC: parasympathetic & sympathetic -> muscles/organs
how can a torn ligament be repaired?
arthoscopic surgery (ACL tears), using a graft from elsewhere in the body
What is the brakes and gas of the nervous system
Brakes: parasympathetic
Gas: Sympathetic
Different Types of muscle
skeletal, cardiac, smooth OR fast and slow twitch
What is the anatomical position
Upright with palms forward
What muscle types are/are not resistant to fatigue
Most: slow twitch (cardiac muscle)
Least: fast twitch Type X
what is athletic training?
an area of exercise science that is involved in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries to healthy and diseased individuals
Name and describe the types of fractures (greenstick, compound)
Greenstick: small crack halfway through bone
Compound: full break and one side pokes through skin
what is Dr. Sass’ accupation & what did he demonstrate during lecture?
chiropractor; he demostrated dry needling
Macronutrients
Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
how do hot & humid environments affect the urinary system
the urinary system reabsorbs sodium and water from the urine to maintain an acceptable level of body water due to sweating
What are the anatomical planes
Sagittal: right versus left
Frontal/Coronal: front versus back
Transverse: upper versus lower
What are the parts of the multi-store memory model?
sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory
what are ergogenic aids?
tools used by athletes to enhance their energy, performance, & recovery (ie. caffiene, sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, and creatine)
what is the difference between dietary recall & dietary records?
Dietary recall: when individuals report their intake over the previous 24-hour period
Dietary record: when individuals record the types and amounts of foods consumed over a time period (3 or 7 days)
what is the pacemaker of the heart?
SA Node
what is hydrotherapy?
treatment meathod that uses water to treat symptoms
what is cryotherapy?
treatment that uses cold temperatures to treat different conditions
what is NATA?
National Athletic Trainers’ Association
What are biomechanics?
the study of forces that act on a body and the effects that they produce; they combine biology, physics
what is the order of exercise behavior?
precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
what is extrinsic motivation?
when a person is motivated to do something beacause of an external reward or to avoid punishment
what is osteoporosis?
a disease condition characterized by low bone density; more common in women than in men
What is ACSM primary mission
Physical activity to be considered by all healthcare providers as a vital sign in every patient visit, and that patients are effectively counseled on their physical activity, which leads to reduced healthcare costs and overall public health improvement
what is the ACSM
American College of Sports Medicine – the governing body & gold standard for exercise physiology
what is intrinsic motivation?
when individuals are engage in behavior because they enjoy the process and gain pleasure and satisfaction from participation
what are the different types of metabolic diseases?
high blood cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, & overweight and obesity
what are the building blocks for proteins?
amino acids
