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Cats and dogs final > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

_______ is an antiretroviral chemotherapeutic drug which inhibits ________ and blocks the enzyme _______ and is widely used for treatment in cats with retroviral diseases.

A

zidovudine
transcription
reverse transferase

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2
Q

Treatment of retroviral-infected cats is based on 4 main elements:

A

a. Nucleoside analogue RT inhibitors
b. Non-nucleoside analogue RT inhibitors
c. Nucleoside analogue DNA/RNA replication inhibitors
d. Nucleotide synthesis inhibitors peptides

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3
Q

Name antimicrobial drugs used for treatment of clostridiosis?

A

Metronidazole, Vancomycin and Fidaxomicin

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4
Q

If a snap test has a specificity of 99%, out of 100 infected cats how many will be false positive?

A

1/100 cats is false positive

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5
Q

Would you recommend for cats with FIV/ FeLV to be neutered?

A

yes

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6
Q

A vaccine-associated sarcoma is most often in what animal species?

A

cats

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7
Q

Name at least 5 clinical signs in parvovirus infection

A
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea (often bloody)
  • Leukopenia
  • Decreased appetite
  • Dehydrated animals
  • Lethargic
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8
Q

Name at least 5 diseases that can be easily diagnosed with a snap test

A
  • Canine parvovirus
  • Canine leptospirosis
  • Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
  • FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus)
  • Canine distemper
  • Giardia
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9
Q

If a test specificity and sensitivity is 100% , in what situation could the snap test for parvovirus give you a positive result even though it’s not a parvovirus infection?

A

when you’re testing the presence of antibodies and the animal has had old infection or been vaccinated, antibodies are still present

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10
Q

snap test for FIV detects

A

antibodies

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11
Q

name the procedure in which we classify animals into an ASA II category

A

American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS) classification
- Slight risk, minor disease present. Animal with slight to mild systemic
disturbance, animal able to compensate

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12
Q

in cardiac patient’s it’s recommended to use ____ to induct anaesthesia

A

etomidate

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13
Q

which of the following isn’t recommended in the emergency patient

A

induction with IV medetomidine

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14
Q

potential side effects with etomidate use are

A

myasthenia gravis in dogs

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15
Q

Punctae nasolacrimalis or nasolacrimal points are the openings of the nasolacrimal ducts located:

A

On the inner conjunctival surface of the eyelids, near the nasal limit of the tarsal glands.

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16
Q

in oblique fractures, the breakage angle is greater than

A

30

17
Q

opioid can cause (incorrect answer)

A

cardiac arrhythmia

18
Q

Ophthalmoscopy is an important part of ophthalmological examination for detection of diseases on ______ segment of the eye

A

posterior (fundus)

19
Q

List three congenital conditions accompanied by epiphora

A
  • Congenital Entropion
  • Congenital Ectropion
  • Congenital atresia, ectopic and imperforate puncta
20
Q

Pain during hyperextension of the elbow in dogs occurs at (select one correct answer

A

united anconeal process

21
Q

_____ is a valuable test for identifying dogs affected with hip dysplaisa

A

ortolani test

22
Q

name one disease in which the plantigrade gait of the hind leg is noticeable

A

Common calcaneal tendon rupture
- Diabetic neuropathy in cats

23
Q

Name test which is used for diagnosing an injury to the cholatellar ligaments of the knee joint?

A

Varus / valgus test

24
Q

If we use steinmann’s nail to treat bone fracture, what percentage of the intramedullary canal it should be filled in (round up one correct answer):

A

70%

25
Q

What is tightening screw (“lag screw”) and describe the technique of its application

A

A lag screw is used to compress fracture fragments ; provides compression across a fracture by use of a gliding hole in the proximal fragment so tightening the screw draws the distal fragment towards the screw head
- Are usually used for the fixation of simple fractures such as a spiral or oblique fracture but they can also be used under specific circumstances to compress large fracture fragments of a multifragmentary fracture
- Must be placed perpendicular to the plane of the fracture line
- There are two screw types : cancellous bone screw and the cortical screw

26
Q

The Ilizarov frame is also called

A

external fixator

27
Q

Rush’s nail is placed at an angle of about____ on the longitudinal axis of the bone, whereby it passes through the first and bounces off the second cortex

A

30-40

28
Q

describe interlocking nail

A

Metallic implants used for the repair of traumatic long bone fractures (effective against rotation, bending, compression and shear)

29
Q

Name three types of external fixation:

A
  • Linear fixators
  • Ring fixators
  • Intramedullary pins
30
Q

What are the qualities of reconstructive plates?

A
  • Effective for nearly all forces; bending, rotation, shear, compression and tension
31
Q

Avulsion fractures occur due to traction forces _______ the bones

A

origin / insertion of a tendon or
ligament

Pulling

32
Q

How many permanent premolars are there on the cat’s maxilla?

A

3

33
Q

What is occlusal surface of the tooth

A

chewing surface

34
Q

_________ holds teeth for an alveolar bone

A

mandible and maxilla
or dental alveolus/alveolar sockets

Periodontal ligaments

35
Q

what cells produce enamel matrix?

A

ameloblasts

36
Q

what is periodontal disease

A
  • The result of infections and inflammation of the gums and bone that surround and support the teeth
37
Q

at what age do cats replace deciduous teeth with permanent teeth?

A

between 3rd and 5th month of age

38
Q

what is the depth of gingival sulcus in dogs and cats

A

1-3mm large dogs
0.5-1mm small dogs and cats

Cats and dogs final (1 decks)

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