Final Flashcards
BMI
ratio of height vs weight
BMI categories
underweight 35
BMI is a diagnostic tool
FALSE; it is a screening tool- does not account for body fat and muscles
6 facts about obesity
- overweight does not mean unhealthy
- being thin does not mean healthy
- eating too much; exercising too little
- not a matter of PERSONAL CHOICE
- significant contributor to decreased quality of life
- OBESITY IS A SYMPTOM, NOT CAUSE OF HEALTH PROBLEMS
How might discrimination impact an obese individual’s likelihood of seeking help from healthcare professionals?
they feel embarrassed to visit health care
What negative attitude do Physical educators have towards overweight children?
they are less physical and less fit
they have little social skills
they are not as intelligent
How may fitness facilities be unwelcoming to overweight clients?
Machines not big enough
What percent of american adults meet current PA guidelines?
30%
What percentage get no regular exercise during a typical week?
40-50%
Discrimination of overweight people
young- teasing, bullying, and social exclusion
disadvantages in employment, healthcare, and interpersonal relationships
What psychological/emotional conditions can ve affected by a negative focus on obesity?
low self-esteem, depression, and/or eating disorder-behavior
PA guidelines recommended for children
aerobic, muscle, and bone-strengthening activity more than 60 min per day
How do adults exercise?
planned
continuous
use machines
do it for extrinsic benefits
How are kids involved in PA?
spontaneous
sporadic
sports and game equipment
do it for intrinsic benefits
What is screen time?
tv, phone, video games
How many hours do children/adolescents spend per day in screen time?
8+ hours
What considerations should we make to help youth exercise?
age-appropriate, enjoyable, show a variety
How should sedentary youth increase exercise?
take small steps in increasing activity amounts
What are some assumed negative consequences of screen time?
reduced PA shorter attention spans social isolation increased snack/food consumption vision problems/musculoskeletal disorders
What are 3 assumptions not supported about video game usage?
no video games= more involved in healthy activities
socially isolated
gamers less fit than non gamers
Identify most significant changes in children’s diets that have led to poor nutrition
reduction in regular breakfast increase take out increase amount of total calories in snacks bigger portion size increase of sweetened drinks
What are 3 areas of MOTOR BEHAVIOR
motor development
motor control
motor skill
name 2 motor skills
perceptual (senses/nervous system)
motor (skeletal/muscular systems)
Give an example of a perceptual and motor skill
x-country running (PERCEPTUAL) vs 100 meter dash (MOTOR)
growth and development determine
changes across the lifespan
Motor development phases
prenatal: conception
infancy: birth-2 yrs
childhood: 2-12 yrs
adolescence: 12-17 yrs
young adult: 18-39 yrs
middle age: 40-64 yrs
older adult: 65+
What is information processing?
three stage sequence of decision making
1- stimulus recognition
2- response selection
3- response action
What three factors increase or decrease information processing?
cues of environment
experience
reaction time
Define Sport Pedagogy
The art and science of TEACHING human movement
Poor PE programs
game inconsistent with goals of PE embarrass student elimination games lack of emphasis on skills large, aggressive competitive groups danger, injury, harm
Quality PE programs
trained teacher and effective teaching practices
curriculum developed around health/fitness
progressions
safe environment
maximizes participation for all
variety of learning styles
assessed by multiple methods
What is exercise physiology?
study of how the function of body is altered when exposed to acute/chronic exercise
What is the difference between anatomy vs physiology?
structure of the body vs function of the body
What are the 4 major topics exercise physiologists study?
- physiological adaptations
- enhancing physical function and performance
- understanding physical function in different environements
- improving health and preventing disease
acute adaptation; list 3
series of responses during a single exercise
high HR, high BP, high respiration rate, high sweat volume
chronic adaptation
adaptation as a result of continued exercise over time
low HR, low, BP, high mitochondrial size&density
what environments are commonly studied in environmental EP?
cold, heat, altitude
Define Biomechanics
study of mechanical principles in human body motion
define structural kinesiology
study of skeletal and muscular systems with respect to human movement
define sports psychology
study of how psychological factors affect an athletes performance and how sport impacts a an athletes life
What topics are studied in exercise psychology?
exercise adherence
psychological stress
rewards
enhance mood
identify 3 roles of people who work in sport psych
- teaching and conduction research
- working with athletes on psychological skills training
- provide clinical, counseling, or academic support for athletes
5 applied sport psych skills
- arousal/anxiety regulation
- focus control strategies
- controlling self-talk
- self-confidence
- grit/resilience
- goal setting
