Final Flashcards
According to Piaget, the most obvious change as children move from the sensorimotor to the preoperational stage is an increase in
A) representational, or symbolic, activity
B) private speech
C) logical thought
D) abstract thought
A) representational, or symbolic, activity
Which of the following is NOT true of make-believe play in early childhood?
A) it becomes more detached from real-life conditions
B) it becomes less self centered
C) it becomes more complex
D) it rarely involves other people
D) it rarely involves other people
Four-year-old Jasmine is shown two identical tall glasses of water and agrees that they contain the same amount of liquid. When the liquid is poured into a short, wide container, she says that there is more water in the shorter container because it’s “all spread out.” Jasmine is demonstrating
A) an inability to conserve
B) animistic thinking
C) magical thinking
D) reversibility
A) an inability to conserve
According to Vygotsky, private speech during the preschool years…
A) reflects young children’s egocentrism
B) is not nearly as important as Piaget thought
C) is externalized with age
D) helps young children guide their behavior during challenging tasks
D) helps young children guide their behavior during challenging tasks
5 yr old Randy is in preschool and his teacher is trying to show him how to use a pair of children’s scissors to cut paper. Randy tries to show his independence and ability to use the scissors w/o assistance and says to his teacher ‘Let me.” Erikson may say that Randy is demonstrating what stage of development?
A) individualistic orientation
B) psychosocial development
C) initiative-versus-guilt
D) self-concept
C) initiative-versus-guilt
Preschoolers’ self-concepts…
A) are typically abstract
B) are very concrete
C) focus mainly on personality traits
D) are overly critical
B) are very concrete
4 yr old Hobie is asked to rate his competence in ice skating. He will probably..
A) say that ice skating is a girl’s sport and underestimate its difficulty
B) rate his own ability as extremely high and underestimate the difficulty of skating
C) rate his own ability as extremely low and overestimate the difficulty of skating
D) give an accurate assessment of his own ability, but overestimate the difficulty of skating
B) rate his own ability as extremely high and underestimate the difficulty of skating
Research on weight gain reveals that children who get less nightly sleep are
A) more likely to be overweight five years later
B) more likely to be significantly underweight than well-rested children
C) likely to be overweight five years later
D) too fatigued to respond to hunger cues and therefore less likely to become overweight
C) likely to be overweight five years later
A concrete operational child can (blank) mentally, an ability called (blank)
A) conserve, seriation
B) seriate, transitive inference
C) classify, decentration
D) reverse, class inclusion
B) seriate; transitive inference
Individuals skilled at (blank) can prevent their minds from straying to irrelevant thoughts
A) organization
B) inhibition
C) metacognition
D) elaboration
B) inhibition
10 yr old Gert has to remember Bastille Day in Social Studies class. By recognizing that Bastille Day is 10 days before her birthday, she is able to create a relationship, or shared meaning, between the two. She also created a visual image of 10 French flags on her birthday cake. These strategies are called
A) elaboration
B) organization
C)rehearsal
D) metacognition
A) elaboration
Research on the origins of ADHD indicates that
A) ADHD is highly heritable
B) symptoms of ADHD usually appear in infancy
C) the disorder is usually inherited from the mothers side of the family
D) a stressful home life usually causes ADHD
A) ADHD is highly heritable
The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler intelligence tests
A) are used mainly for instruction planning
B) require very little training of teachers who give them
C) are most often used to identify students who are highly intelligent or have learning problems
D) do not take into account the child’s behavior during administration of the test
C) are most often used to identify students who are highly intelligent or have learning problems
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
A) is more culturally biased than the Stanford-Binet
B) fails to account for a childs behavior during administration of the test
C) was the first test designed to measure intelligence from infancy through late adulthood
D) was the first test to be standardized on children representing the total population of the United States
D) was the first test to be standardized on children representing the total population of the United States
Rochelle is taking a test in which she is asked to come with as many different ways as possible to make use of a straw. This more likely test of
A) convergent thinking
B) divergent thinking
C) practical intelligence
D) analytical intelligence
B) divergent thinking
Self-esteem adjusts to more realistic levels in middle childhood largely as the result of
A) feedback about self-permanence compared with that of peers
B) the development of an incremental view of ability
C) increases in perspective taking skills
D) child-rearing experiences and cultural values
A) feedback about self-permanence compared with that of peers
