FInal Flashcards

1
Q

Cultural Discourses about aging

A

Being yourself is valued
physical signs of aging should be controlled by products
middle aged women rarely depicted in media

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2
Q

3 stages of adulthood

A
early adulthood (17-44)
middle adulthood (45-64)
late adulthood (65+)
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3
Q

Early adulthood

A

people make significant decisions about life
satisfying but stressful
some women fear aging, some redefine beauty

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4
Q

middle adulthood

A
lifestyle changes
earning highest income
empty nest syndrome
divorce-clothing for dating
body changes
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5
Q

Red hat society

A

social organization for women 50+

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6
Q

Health Indulgers

A

retired individuals, enjoy life, doing things they wanted to do in good health-clothing for active lifestyles

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7
Q

Ailing outgoers

A

have major health problems but wanted to get the most out of life, are as active as possible-clothing for easy dressing

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8
Q

healthy hermits

A

health is good but have withdrawn psychologically/ socially-clothing emphasizes conformity, well known brands

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9
Q

Frail Recluses

A

poor health precludes social activity-clothing declining expenditures, reduced income

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10
Q

physical changes of late adulthood

A

joint and skeletal problems decrease in height

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11
Q

body satisfaction of late adulthood

A

more content with body as age

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12
Q

Race

A

human beings attempt to identify biologically distinct groupings based in physical appearance

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13
Q

Hypodescent Rule

A

Racially mixed people are assigned the status of the subordinate group

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14
Q

ethnicity

A

a learned cultural heritage shared by a category of people that can include a common national origin

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15
Q

Ethnic group

A

a group set apart from others b/c of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns

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16
Q

ethnic dress

A

dress that provides a tangible/visible link to ethnic heritage

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17
Q

Racism

A

belief that something in the biological makeup of an ethnic group explains subordinate status

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18
Q

Hegemony

A

a form or power based on dominance and leadership by group over other groups

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19
Q

Micro aggressions

A

brief everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to certain individuals b/c of their group membership characteristics

20
Q

racial profiling

A

use of race or ethnic appearance by law officers to predict criminal behavior

21
Q

Decentering

A

challenging assumptions about what is central or proper by shifting focus to include that which has been devalued or ignored

22
Q

Creative acts of resistance

A

invoking creative power to resist forms of domination that hinder self definition or self control

23
Q

Homogenization

A

to blend diverse elements into a uniform mixture

24
Q

Acculturation

A

members of an ethnic group internalize the values and behavioral patterns of a majority society but are not fully admitted to intimate groupings of the majority

25
Q

assimilation

A

a member of an ethnic group internalize the values and behavioral patterns of a majority society to become part of a different culture

26
Q

Biculturalism

A

dual socialization process that enables the individual to learn two distinct behavioral repertories for utilization in the minority and majority societies

27
Q

Pluralism

A

mutual respect between the various groups in society for one another cultures allowing minorities to express their own culture without experiencing prejudice or hostility

28
Q

Fashion

A

a way of behaving temporarily adopted by a discernible proportion of members of a social group as socially appropriate for the time and situation

29
Q

Fashion as a social process

A

slavish conformity
styles that are new and exciting
a threat to tradition
products to sell in the open marketplace for economic gain

30
Q

Hamilton’s “Micro-Macro” continuum

A

fashion results from individual action within social groups that choose or do not choose products and style ideals offered by the fashion industry that is, in turn influenced by larger trends and forces of the surroundings

31
Q

Zeitgeist

A

a new style is most likely to be accepted as a fashion if the styles fits with the spirit of the times

32
Q

Niche-Market

A

a segment of consumers with similar interests and buying trends

33
Q

Target market

A

a group of consumers a product is marketed for

34
Q

Traditional styles

A

styles that do not change substantially with each season or year

35
Q

Megatrends that changed fashion

A

women let go of fashion
people stopped dressing up
peoples values changed with regard to fashion
top designers stopped gambling on fashion

36
Q

Fashion system

A

globally based set of business establishments, small entrepreneurs, industry and government institutions, trade unions, and other agencies that have an impact on what products the consumer has to choose in the market place

37
Q

Gatekeeper

A

entity or person whose activities limit and simplifies the range of fashion offerings

38
Q

diffusion

A

style adoption and change invoking face to face interactions of individuals, strangers observing each other, and mass media and retailers displaying styles

39
Q

innovative consumers

A

includes a small proportion of the population who first sport new ideas in hairstyles, clothing, and other aspects of dress

40
Q

Early adopters

A

select from the innovations and help make the styles visible to wider population, Includes fashion opinion leaders who legitimize a style for others. in turn, this validation often leads to wider acceptance, conformity, and mass adoption

41
Q

Trickle down theory

A

the upper class introduces new styles, styles ideas are copied in cheaper versions by the middle and lower class

42
Q

trickle across theory

A

each social class in the US may be doing its own thing or all may adopt their own versions of the same look in a horizontal or trickle across diffusion

43
Q

Collective selection theory

A

the social class is not the main drive of fashion change

44
Q

trickle up theory

A

when styles are started in a lower class, particularity form the inner city living situation and sub cultures

45
Q

ambivalence

A

a feeling of tension or unease, may move consumer to adopt to reject new style ideas

46
Q

Rubbish Theory

A

makes it possible to worthless objects to be rescued and transformed into durables

47
Q

Future trends

A

increasing proportions of ethnic minorities
increasing proportions of older people
technological innovations of internet
technological innovations of face transplants
technological innovations of virtual realty