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Final Flashcards

1
Q

learned helplessness

A

believing there’s no connection between your skills/effort and the outcome

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2
Q

attribution

A

interpretation of what the cause of an event was

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3
Q

order from most voluntary: thoughts, behaviors, emotions

A

behaviors
thoughts
emotions

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4
Q

three components of attributional style

A

stability, globality, internality

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5
Q

stability

A

temporary vs permanent

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6
Q

globality

A

pervasive vs specific

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7
Q

internality

A

me vs something external

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8
Q

pessimistic attributional style

A

permanent, pervasive, me

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9
Q

CAVE

A

content analysis of verbatim explanations

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10
Q

findings of soldier attributional style study

A

optimism negatively correlates with post-partum depression; optimists do better recovering from heart bypass surgery, transitioning to college…

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11
Q

where does cognitive behavioral therapy intervene?

A

thoughts

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12
Q

basis of CBT

A

emotions are rooted in thoughts and actions, both of which are behaviors. changing your thoughts can change your behaviors and emotions

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13
Q

strategies of CBT

A

cognitive intervention- reality testing
behavioral intervention- goals, challenges
address distorted cognitions, prove them wrong

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14
Q

what problems are best solved by CBT?

A

depression, anxiety, phobias, mood problems

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15
Q

student CBT study results

A

experimental group did CBT for 12 weeks and ended up with better explanation styles and lower depressive symptoms

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16
Q

components of mindfulness

A

intention, attention, attitude

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17
Q

intention

A

being motivated to pay attention to something particular

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18
Q

attention

A

knowing what’s happening as it happens

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19
Q

attitude

A

accepting, caring, discerning

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20
Q

goals of meditation

A

don’t judge, don’t strive, be patient, be open, let go

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21
Q

meditation study

A

less anxiety, better immune system, more left side pre-frontal activity in group who meditated every day for 6 weeks

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22
Q

benefits of mindfulness

A

helps anxiety, stress, depression, less reacitivity, more calm and happiness

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23
Q

correlation between income and life satisfaction

24
Q

are rich countries happier than poor countries?

A

old data said no; new data says yes

25
positional goods
Products whose value is determined relative to others
26
why doesn't more money necessarily make us more happy
social comparison- we don't want more, just more than everyone else
27
savoring
if you have a ton of money you're not going to savor the little things as much so you might be less happy
28
experiential vs material purchasing
experiential: experiences (happier) material: things (less happy)
29
nursing home study
those who felt they had control were the happiest and most alert, and fewer dead
30
flow
state of immersion, engagement, harmony; peak performance at perfect intersection between boredom and anxiety
31
characteristics of flow
confronting a task we have a chance of completing; concentrate on what we're doing and get feedback; involved in the task, not distracted by everyday things; time passes by quickly
32
job
work-life balance; low fulfillment
33
career
life plan/monetary success; lack of purpose
34
calling
personal values; work-life balance can be skewed | highest life satisfaction, social standing, schooling, income
35
components of work that affect happiness
salary, stress, workplace flow, social connection, sense of purpose
36
puzzle study
kids who were extrinsically rewarded completed fewer puzzles than kids who were intrinsically rewarded
37
kin selection
the evolution of characteristics which favor the survival of relatives of the individual
38
what does oxytocin do?
increase trust, reduce negative behavior during couple conflict, decrease amygdala reaction to scary faces
39
3 types of attachment and happiness rankings
secure anxious/preoccupied avoidant/dismissive
40
sociometer hypothesis
low self esteem serves as an alarm to indicate that our social standing isn't secure; that's why rejection lowers our self esteem, and when it is lower we'll do anything to fit in
41
desired body shape study
females thought they were much heavier than their ideal and the attractiveness to men; males thought they were at ideal and attractiveness
42
opportunity cost to conception
females produce fewer eggs less often; they have more of a stake
43
what behaviors does differential parental investment predict?
men are more competitive and willing to take risks; women are more choosy
44
paternal uncertainty
females are positive that it's their kid- males can never be sure.
45
what are the behaviors predicted by paternal uncertainty?
femal infidelity during ovulation; male protectiveness and jealousy
46
bud welch/tim mcveigh story
bud welch's daughter was killed by tim mcveigh in acts of terrorism. he was so angry at tim for such a long time and self medicated with alcohol. eventually he forgave him
47
forgiveness experiment
forgiveness group explored own hurt/anger, commitment to forgiving/realizing you've needed forgiveness from others, compassion toward offender- led to increased forgiveness lower anxiety, higher self esteem
48
what factors facilitate forgiveness?
safety/apologies, value, fatigue, empathy, happiness
49
grattitude
appreciating the people/things that have helped you
50
gratitude negatively correlates with...
loneliness, depression, anxiety, envy, neuroticism
51
counting blessings study
control group, blessings group, burdens group; blessings group had fewer physical troubles, and was more grateful about the present and about life as a whole
52
culture
Collection of beliefs, knowledge, institutions and attitudes that exist across groups of people
53
paternalism
A policy or practice of providing for individuals' needs or wants at the expense of rights or responsibilities
54
libertarianism
Maximization individual rights / freedoms and minimizing the role of the state
55
argument for libertarianism
faith in individual rationality, faith in free market, skepticism of government; choice/freedom more valuable than welfare/happiness
56
libertarian paternalism
if you are tuned in to psychology, you can find ways | to structure choices (“choice architecture”) that can improve welfare without significantly infringing on choice

PSYC201 (1 decks)

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