Final Flashcards
Instrumentality
Device, system or hardware played sig. role in a crime
Contraband
Digital device is illegally possessed or is illegal to possess due to legal reason
“Mere”
Evidence that not seized, instead goal is to get data that is of value
Digital evidence
Information and data of value that is stored on, received or transmitted by an electronic device
First responders: handle digital evidence
- Recognize, document, and secure
- Document entire scene/location
- Collect label and preserve
- Package and transport in secure manner
Useful evidence
Photos, documents, chat logs, browsing history, stored data, etc.
Hard drives
Data storage device
External hard drive
Increase computers data storage capacity and provide portable data
Removable media
Cartridges and disc-based data storage devices
Thumb drives
Small lightweight removable data storage devices with USB connection
Memory cards
Small dated storage devices
Digital collection toolkit
Cameras cardboard boxes notepads evidence tape evidence sketches, labels, tags crime scene tape Gloves Inventory logs Anti static bags Permanent markers Non magnetic tools Radio frequency shielding materials -tinfoil
3 options for locating person with cell phone
- Single cell tower search
- GPS
- Cell tower triangulation (most accurate)
Death
Irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions
Homicide
Killing of one person by another
Excusable homicide
Unintentional, truly accidental killing
Justifiable homicide
Killing of person under authority of law
Signs of death
Lack of breathing, heart beat, flushing of fingernail, failure of eyelids to close
Coroner
Elected official
Medical examiner
Physician, not elected
Forensic pathologist
Medicine branch, applies to fundamentals and knowledge of medical sciences to problems in field of law and those that relate to public health and safety
Manner of death
Circumstances under which cause of death occurred
Natural
Caused by a disease or old age
Unnatural
Homicide, suicide, accident or undetermined
Cause of death
Injury/disease responsible for the pathological and physiological disturbances that resulted in death
Autopsy
Medical dissection/exam of body to determine cause if death
Post mortem interval
Time elapsed since death occurred
Livor mortis
Color change occurs from pooling of blood after heart stops
Tardieu spots
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages caused by burst capillaries
Rigor mortis
Stiffening of body
Cadaveric spasm
Immediate rigor
Algor mortis
Loss of body heat
Rainey’s equation
LogD - logtI
____________ = X (hours since tod)
LogR
Vitreous draw
Sample of ocular fluid from eye determine potassium levels
Decomposition
Postmortem breakdown of body tissues
Putrefaction
Postmortem changes produce by actions of bacteria and microorganisms
Mummification
Dehydration of tissues
High temp, low humidity, some form of ventilation
Adipocere
Hydration and dehydration of the body’s fat, results in off white, waxy, claylike substance
Postmortem
After death
Perimortem
Occurred at or near death