Final

Question 1

0.2 µl

Answer 1

P-2

Question 2

250µl

Answer 2

P-1000

Question 3

2.5

Answer 3

P-20

Question 4

25µl

Answer 4

P-200

Question 5

What is incorrect about gel electrophoresis?

Answer 5

• Gel electrophoresis alone can be used to detect SNPs
• DNA fragments that are very small appear at the top of the gel

Question 6

What volumes of stock and water are needed to make 500mL of a 50mM solution starting with 200mM stock?

Answer 6

0.125L of stock, 0.375L water

Question 7

These bind to the template strand of DNA during the anneal step of PCR

Answer 7

Primers

Question 8

This synthesizes RNA from DNA

Answer 8

RNA Polymearse

Question 9

Located in the cytoplasm, these use rRNA to conduct translation

Answer 9

Ribosomes

Question 10

This removes introns

Answer 10

Spliceosome

Question 11

This gets sent to the splicesome for splicing

Answer 11

pre- mRNA

Question 12

Included in the MyTaq, these provide the code for DNA replication

Answer 12

dNTPs (Deoxynucleotide triphospahates

Question 13

Located in the cytoplasm, this contains the DNA code (exons) that will be used to make proteins

Answer 13

mRNA

Question 14

This makes up the cDNA, containing the information needed for translation

Answer 14

Exons

Question 15

When pre-mRNA is processes to mRNA, these are removed

Answer 15

Introns

Question 16

What volume of stock and water is required to make a 250mL of a 15% solution starting with 30% stock

Answer 16

125mL of stock, 125mL of water

Question 17

What is the (processes, products, organelles) of genetic information transfer with the correct location it occurs in the cell (for eukaryotes)

Nucleus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Cytoplasm
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 17

Nucleus
1. Splicing
2. pre-mRNA
3. DNA
4. Transcription
5. Splicesome

Cytoplasm
1. Translation
2. Nucleus
3. tRNA
4. Ribosome
5. Processed polypeptide (protein)

Question 18

Practice PCR table

Question 19

Place the orders of magnitude in largest to smallest

Highest
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Lowest

Answer 19

Highest
1. Kilo
2. 1
3. milli
4. micro
5. nano
6. pico
Lowest

Question 20

Dr. Burnette has Glofish in his office that express genes that make them fluorescent (glow certain colors). The red Glofish expresses the Red Fluorescence Protein (RFP). Bacteria were transformed to contain a plasmid with RFP and subsequently plated and grown on three types of media and the phenotype was observed after a period of incubation.

Plate UV light results
LB + Tet + Galactose No fluorescence

LB + Tet + Lactose Red fluorescence

LB + Tet + Sucrose No fluorescence

What is the Activator/Inducer that controls the promoter

Answer 20

Lactose

Question 21

What type of promoter controls the RFP?

Answer 21

Conditional

Question 22

Why is water added to the Master Mix?

Answer 22

To dilute the concentration of the working solution

Question 23

Inherited DNA polymorphisms exists because:

Answer 23

Errors in DNA replication occur naturally during meiosis

Question 24

Why are a specific type of cell used in Bacterial Transformation (promoter activation experiment)?

Answer 24

They are more capable of taking up plasmids

Question 25

What further processing needs to occur to pre-mRNA before translation as mRNA?

Answer 25

Removal of introns via splicing

Question 26

If you dilute a solution that has a volume of 210 mL and a concentration of 75 M to make a solution that has a final volume of 525 mL, what will the final concentration be and how much water will you have added?

Answer 26

30M, and 315L of water

Question 27

What is incorrect about transcription?

Answer 27

DNA polymerase transcribes gDNA into pre-mRNA

Question 28

Which of the following statments about setting up a PCR reaction is incorrect?

1. Template for all samples should be added to the master mix before aliquoting into strip tubes
2. After all components are added to create the mastermix it should not be mixed
3. The C1V1=C2V2 equation should be used to determine what volume of MyTaq is needed for the reaction.
4. The number of reactions of master mix prepared should equal the number of samples

Answer 28

1. Template for all samples should be added to the master mix before aliquoting into strip tubes
2. After all components are added to create the mastermix it should not be mixed
3. The number of reactions of master mix prepared should equal the number of samples

Question 29

What is the name of the type of cells that were used during the promoter activation experiment that allowed them to take up the plasmid DNA easier?

Answer 29

Competent

Question 30

What is false about translation?

1. Ribosomes and tRNAs are key components of translation.
2. The end product of translation is a chain of nucleotides.
3. Translation is one of the steps required for gene expression as protein.
4. mRNA is the template for translation.

Answer 30

2. The end product of translation is a chain of nucleotides.

Question 31

What step of the PCR reaction involves primers binding to the DNA template strands?

Answer 31

Annealing

Question 32

Explain steps of PCR

Answer 32

1. Denaturing 98 degrees (breaks double helix into one single strand)
2. Annealing 50-70 degrees (primers bind to complementary nucleotides)
3. Extension 72 degrees (extending primers from 5’ to 3’ direction)

Question 33

How much agarose is required to make a 3% gel with a volume of 300 mL 1X TAE? [Hint: 1% gel = 0.5g in 50 mL TAE]

Answer 33

9g

Question 34

Nymphia needs to make 50 mL of diluted TAE solution for
her experiment. The prep room has 100 mL of 1X (M) TAE
stock solution. What concentration of TAE will Nymphia
need to prepare?

Answer 34

2X

Question 35

We want to make a 2.4% gel
2.4% represents 2.4g per 100mL of TAE
If we only want 50mL of our gel mixture, then to solve for the amount of Agarose we need

Answer 35

1.2