Final

Question 1

Medieval

Answer 1

Referring to the Middle Ages, a period of European history from the 5th to the 15th century.

Question 2

Feudalism

Answer 2

A social, economic, and political system in medieval Europe, in which a lord gave land to a vassal in return for loyalty and military service.

Question 3

Manor system

Answer 3

The organization of society in medieval Europe, where the lord of the manor owned the land and the peasants worked it in exchange for protection and a portion of the crops.

Question 4

Serf

Answer 4

A peasant who was bound to the land and could not leave without the lord’s permission in feudal society.

Question 5

Lord

Answer 5

A nobleman who owned land and had power and authority over the people who lived on his land in feudal society.

Question 6

Magna Carta

Answer 6

A legal document signed by King John of England, which limited the power of the monarchy and guaranteed basic rights to the people

Question 7

Secular

Answer 7

Things that are not connected to religion or spiritual matters.

Question 8

Heresy

Answer 8

A belief or opinion that goes against the official doctrine of a religion.

Question 9

Vernacular

Answer 9

The language is spoken by the people in a particular country or region, as opposed to a language that is learned in school or used for official purposes.

Question 10

Humanism

Answer 10

An intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized the study of classical literature and human values, which flourished in Europe during the Renaissance.

Question 11

Patrons

Answer 11

Wealthy individuals or organizations who support artists, writers, or scholars, usually by providing financial assistance.

Question 12

Perspective

Answer 12

A technique used in art to create an illusion of depth and space on a two-dimensional surface.

Question 13

Geocentric theory

Answer 13

The ancient Greek theory is that the Earth is at the center of the universe, with the sun, moon, and planets orbiting around it.

Question 14

Heliocentric theory

Answer 14

The scientific theory that the sun is at the center of the solar system, with the planets orbiting around it.

Question 15

Highlands

Answer 15

Mountainous regions in Central and South America where many early indigenous civilizations developed.

Question 16

Lowlands

Answer 16

Flat or gently rolling regions in Central and South America where many early indigenous civilizations developed.

Question 17

Chinampas

Answer 17

Floating gardens were used for agriculture by the Aztecs in Mesoamerica.

Question 18

Conquistadors

Answer 18

Spanish conquerors who invaded and colonized the Americas in the 16th century

Question 19

Terrace farming

Answer 19

A method of farming used on steep slopes or hillsides, in which the land is divided into flat terraces that retain water and soil.

Question 20

Glyph

Answer 20

A symbol or picture that represents a word, idea, or sound, used by many indigenous civilizations in the Americas

Question 21

Codex

Answer 21

A book made of a series of sheets of paper or parchment, usually bound together on one side, used by many indigenous civilizations in the Americas.

Question 22

Caravels

Answer 22

Small, fast ships developed by the Portuguese in the 15th century, allowed for longer sea voyages and exploration.

Question 23

Columbian Exchange

Answer 23

The exchange of goods, ideas, and people between the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and the New World

Question 24

Triangular Trade

Answer 24

The trade routes between Europe, Africa, and the Americas in which goods such as slaves, sugar, and rum were exchanged.

Question 25

Mercantilism

Answer 25

An economic theory that a country’s wealth and power depend on its ability to control trade and accumulate gold and silver.

Question 26

Social Contract

Answer 26

The idea that individuals give up some of their rights and freedoms to the government in exchange for protection and benefits

Question 27

Natural Rights

Answer 27

The idea that individuals have certain inherent rights, such as the right to life, liberty, and property, which the government cannot take away.

Question 28

Separation of Powers

Answer 28

The division of government powers among different branches, such as the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

Question 29

Reign of Terror

Answer 29

A period of violence and political repression during the French Revolution, led by the radical Jacobin faction and characterized by mass executions.

Question 30

Third Estate

Answer 30

The common people of France, who made up the majority of the population and had few political rights or privileges before the French Revolution.