FINAL Flashcards
What is a green building?
A healthy facility designed & built in a resource-efficient manner
What is a green building referred to?
as Sustainable buildings & high performance buildings
What are the barriers related to green design?
Economic
Some of the costs associated with higher energy efficiency (tighter shell, more insulation, better glazing…) should be
offset by lower cots to buy, operate & replace larger HVAC equipment
Better buildings…
increase the comfort, happiness & productivity of those living in them = increased profit value
What is R.O.I?
The return on investment
Green building design principles? (3)
Energy efficiency: renewable forms of energy
Conservation of natural resources: includes durability, low environmental impact & low maintenance
High indoor air quality : reduce mould, moisture, gases.
Select & develop sites to promote livable communities implies…(4)
- Consider redeveloping existing sites & buildings
- Develop links to public transit
L.R.T.: Light Rapid Transit
Highest rated countries = best travel system
T.O.D. Transit oriented development (build it & they’ll come) - Animate streets with retail at street level
- Promote use of pedestrian networks
Develop flexible designs to enhance building longevity implies… (6)
- Design for ease of expansion & reconfiguration
- Avoid the use of fixed building systems that are embedded in the structure
- Consider the longevity of the building & design accordingly
- If the anticipated lifespan is short consider possible uses
- If the lifespan is long design to ease periodic refurbishment & replacement of building systems
- Design from disassembly
Use natural strategies to protect & restore water resources implies…(3)
- Design the site to limit disruption of existing vegetation
- Make use of pervious materials & existing drainage patterns
- When locating buildings, roads, and parking consider the impact on water flows
Improve energy efficiency while ensuring thermal comfort implies…(4)
- Improve the building envelope & develop passive solar strategies to improve comfort & reduce energy demands
- Coordinate daylighting with high efficiency artificial lighting & controls
- Reduce overall building loads (mechanical & electrical)
- Reduced loads will lead to reduces operational costs & reduced equipment capital costs
A good practices for improving energy efficiency while ensuring thermal comfort (3)
- Orientation & massing of the architectural elements
- The building skin
- The glass
Most efficient building shape (energy wise)?
Sphere
Promote occupant health & well-being in the indoor environment implies… (4)
- Consider promoting building occupants with a connection to nature & daylight
- Consider the use of gardens, landscaped courtyards, green roofs & views
- Use natural ventilation or combination of natural & HVAC
- Consider ventilation effectiveness…underfloor air distribution systems
Conserve water & consider water reuse systems implies…(3)
- Conserve water with the use of low-flow plumbing fixtures & wat4er efficient appliances & HVAC equipment
- Consider the use of waterless fixtures
- Consider the collection of rainwater & the reuse of greywater for non potable purposes
Use environmentally preferable building materials implies…(4)
- Evaluate the environmental impacts & resource use of proposed building materials over their full life cycle
- Require compliance with environmental improvements in material specs, such as, low VOC’s, minimum recycled content, and avoidance of toxic materials & admixtures
- Seek out non-toxic materials from local, renewable, & sustainably-acquired sources
- Require that wood used originate from sustainably managed sources such as FSC or SFI
Use appropriate plant material implies…(4)
- Use plant material adapted to region’s climate, soils, & water availability
- Use native species
- Protect natural features of the site
If possible, restore natural features that were destroyed - Consider xeriscaping (no use of water)
Plan for recycling during construction/demolition & occupancy implies…(4)
- If recycling is made easy and convenient it will happen
- Provide facilities for recycling at point of use
- Plan and allow space for recycling & composting
- If possible reduce construction waste by mandating recycling in specs.
What is cradle to cradle?
Mimic natural cycles
Designed for a closed loop where waste becomes food & feeds back into a healthy
What are the10 green building design goals?
- Select & develop sites to promote livable communities
- Develop flexible designs to enhance building longevity
- Use natural strategies to protect & restore water resources
- Improve energy efficiency while ensuring thermal comfort
- Reduce environmental impacts related to energy use
- Promote occupant health & well-being in the indoor environment
- Conserve water & consider water reuse systems
- Use environmentally preferable building materials
- Use appropriate plant material
- Plan for recycling during construction/demolition & occupancy
Baltimore Bridge
- Port closed indefinitely
- Ship was travelling 6 - 9 km/h
- Transporting cars (90, 000lbs)
- 6 people dead
- 90 seconds before ship hit, alerted and traffic stopped
- 2 construction workers fell 56m and survived
- 7 - 8 miles to come to stop (Lost power)
- Pylon got hit (Should have been covered with steel and gravel)
Liquefaction
Soil concentrated with water, changing structural integrity; High water table, water underneath the surface. When the ground shakes sand “squeezes” the water making it rise as the sand settles (Taiwan Earthquake)
Embodied Carbon
The amount of GHG emissions associated with upstream extraction, production, transport, and manufacturing - stages of a product’s life
What principles must be adopted to achieve zero embodied emissions?
- Reuse: renovating existing buildings, recycled materials, designing for deconstruction
- Reduce: Material optimization and the specification of low to zero carbon materials
- Sequester (Hiding and isolating): Design of carbon sequestering sites and the use of carbon sequestering materials.
Annual Global CO2 Emissions
Materials
- Concrete (11%)
- Steel (10%)
- Aluminum (2%)
(23% of all global emissions)
Categories
- Building Operations (28%)
- Building Materials & Construction (11%)
The 2030 Challenge
- North American based movement
- Reduce GHG emissions of all new buildings to zero by 2030
Has the 2030 Challenge been adopted?
- 80, 000+ Architects in the US have pledged to use the standard
- US, all federal government buildings are required to meet the Challenges
- 40% of all US Architecture firms have adopted the Challenge
What are Zero Carbon Buildings?
They are highly efficient buildings that use no fossil fuels, GHG emitting energy to operate and are instead 100% powered by renewable energy.
What are Zero Carbon Buildings also known as?
Carbon neutral buildings
What is a net zero buildings?
Energy building is one that is optimally efficient and over the course of a year generates energy on site using clean renewable resources in a quantity equal or greater than the total amount of energy consumed on site.
What is Cradle to Cradle?
A sustainable business strategy that mimics the regenerative cycle of nature in which waste is reused.
What is the goal of cradle to cradle?
Eliminate waste all together; Creating a cyclical process instead of a linear one like the cradle to grave approach.
What is the Cradle to grave approach?
Main objective is to decrease waste
What rating system must all buildings abide by at the minimum?
The Building Code, and its requirements