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Astronomy > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

When an atom absorbs a photon and its electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher one, the atom is said to be

A

Excited

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2
Q

What is an example of something that is NOT one of the primary steps of the Scientific Method?

A

Interpretations

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3
Q

If 2 numbers differ by a factor of 1,000, how many orders of magnitude do they differ by?

A

3

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4
Q

Celsius Scale

A

Boiling point of water is 100 degrees

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5
Q

Kelvin Scale

A

Temperature where all atomic motion stops is 0 degrees (i.e. absolute zero)

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6
Q

What is NOT a fundamental property of electromagnetic radiation?

A

Heat

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7
Q

If a light bulb is placed twice as far away from you,

A

it becomes fainter by a factor of 4

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8
Q

Fahrenheit scale

A

Freezing point of water is 32 degrees

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9
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion?

A

The rotation axes of the planets are tilted as they orbit the Sun

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10
Q

Given that the moon is 1.5 light seconds away from the Earth and the Sun is 8.3 light minutes away from the Earth, which one of the following statements does not sound reasonable?

A

New York is 5 light minutes away from Los Angeles

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11
Q

What is NOT a technique we use to study light?

A

Stoichiometry

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12
Q

The apparent magnitude of the faintest star your eye can see

A

6

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13
Q

The apparent magnitude of the Earth’s Moon

A

-13

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14
Q

The apparent magnitude of the sun

A

-27

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15
Q

The apparent magnitude of Planet Venus

A

-4

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a cardinal point on the Celestial Sphere?

A

Vernal Equinox

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17
Q

What is the most important factor you should consider when deciding on a telescope to buy?

A

The diameter of the aperture

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18
Q

Which is NOT a celestial coordinate system used by astronomers to locate objects in the sky?

A

Lunar Coordinate System

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19
Q

Ursa Major

A

Constellation

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20
Q

The Big Dipper

A

Asterism

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21
Q

Pisces

A

Constellation

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22
Q

Orion’s Belt

A

Asterism

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23
Q

Winter Triangle

A

Asterism

24
Q

Orion

A

Constellation

25
Q

Summer Triangle

A

Asterism

26
Q

The phenomenon of retrograde motion was explained by the heliocentric model as due to

A

An optical illusion because superior planets orbit the Sun slower than inferior planets

27
Q

The father of modern science

A

Galileo

28
Q

Devised three laws of planetary motion

A

Kepler

29
Q

Devised laws of motion and universal gravitation

A

Newton

30
Q

Heliocentric Universe

A

Sun in the center; Copernicus

31
Q

Exquisite naked-eye observer

A

Brahe

32
Q

Johannes Kepler relied on which of the following as he devised his laws of planetary motion?

A

The extensive observational database of Tycho Brahe

33
Q

Which of the following is not a constituent of the Solar System?

A

Zodiac

34
Q

Helioseismology – the study of how waves move through the Sun is important because

A

It helps us figure out the temperature, mass, and composition of the Sun

35
Q

The primary cause of the seasons on the Earth is:

A

The tilt of the Earth’s axis relative to the ecliptic

36
Q

What two conditions must be satisfied for a lunar eclipse to happen?

A

One of the nodes of the Moon’s orbit coincides with full moon

37
Q

Which of the following is not a feature on the surface of the Sun?

A

Corona

38
Q

a synonym for a Brown Dwarf

A

a failed star

39
Q

The elements heavier than Helium are known as “metals” in astronomy. Where do the metals in the Universe come from?

A

They are synthesized inside stars

40
Q

What is the proper order in terms of increasing mass for the different types of star clusters?

A

Associations, open clusters, globular clusters

41
Q

A “supernova” is just a bigger and brighter version of a “nova.”

A

FALSE

42
Q

Which of the following stellar properties is NOT illustrated in the HR Diagram?

A

Sunspots

43
Q

When the Sun reaches the very end of its life, it will become a….

A

White Dwarf

44
Q

Space between the stars, i.e. interstellar space, is completely empty – it’s a pure vacuum

A

FALSE

45
Q

Which is NOT a type of nebula?

A

Bright Nebula

46
Q

Interstellar dust has the following effects on background starlight?

A

It makes the light from stars redder and fainter

47
Q

hierarchical structures in order from smallest to largest in spatial scale

A

Star, Solar/Stellar System, Star Cluster, Galaxy, Galaxy Cluster, Supercluster of galaxies

48
Q

Galaxies are primarily classified based on which of their properties?

A

Morphology

49
Q

Why is “Dark Matter” referred to as “Dark?”

A

It does not give off any light of its own

50
Q

With regard to the Big Bang, Cosmic Microwave Background, and Hubble Flow, which of the following statements is true

A

The Big Bang created the Universe, whose expansion is known as the Hubble Flow. The Cosmic Microwave Background is the radiation left over from the Big Bang.

51
Q

The basic principle behind the phenomenon of gravitational lensing is that…

A

Gravity can bend light just as it can objects that have mass.

52
Q

Which of the following is not true about the Magellanic Clouds

A

They are very far away from us so to be outside the Local Group of Galaxies

53
Q

Which planet has no atmosphere?

A

Mercury

54
Q

Which planet has no moon orbiting it?

A

Mercury and Venus

55
Q

What creates the phases of the moon?

A

as the Moon orbits the Earth, the Sun lights up different parts of it

Astronomy (1 decks)

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