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PSYC 215 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Mirological view

A

Identity is sum of components

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2
Q

Spatio temporal view

A

Keep identity if gradual changes

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3
Q

impact bias

A

overestimate the duration and strength of emotions

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4
Q

Self-perception theory

A

infer inner states by behaviors

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5
Q

Self other knowledge asymmetry (SOKA)

A

according to self-perception theory, other people might know us better than ourselves

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6
Q

over-justification effect

A

if offered with external rewards to do something, might lose the intrinsic motivation

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7
Q

social comparison theory

A

we evaluate ourselves in relation to others (downward, upward and lateral comparison)

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8
Q

Sociometer theory

A

self-esteem as a gauge of interpersonal relationships

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9
Q

Terror management theory

A

self-esteem to deal with fear of death

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10
Q

self-discrepancy theory

A

feel bad if discrepancy between Actual, Ought and Ideal self

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11
Q

Dunning-Kruger effect

A

overestimate our own abilities

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12
Q

pareidolia

A

see faces in objects

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13
Q

stereotype content model

A

perceive others on two factors: warmth and competence

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14
Q

Correspondent Inference theory

A

try to explain why people make internal or external attributions

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15
Q

Kelleys covariation theory

A

make inference depending on consensus, distinctiveness and consistency

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16
Q

ambivalent sexism

A

Hostile (negative feelings) and Benevolent (chivalrous feelings)

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17
Q

System justification theory

A

try to defend the current social model

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18
Q

social identity theory

A

favorise in group members for self esteem

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19
Q

Correspondence principle

A

measure can predict behavior if measured attitude corresponds to behavior

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20
Q

Theory of planned behavior

A

Attitude+Subjective norms+Perceived Behavioral control–>Intentions–>behavior

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21
Q

sleeper effect

A

delayed impact of non-credible speaker

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22
Q

inoculation hypothesis

A

if weak argument is given, become more resistent to those arguments in the future

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23
Q

cognitive dissonance theory

A

change attitudes to be more consistent with behaviors

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24
Q

Moscovici’s theory

A

to be influencing, minorities should be consistent and appear open-minded

25
Q

Foot in the door

A

individual completes a small request and then ask for more

26
Q

Low balling

A

individual agress to small request and then add extra fees

27
Q

Door in the face

A

initial high request and then more reasonable one

28
Q

That’s not all

A

Initial request and immediate discount

29
Q

Social Impact Theory

A

People obey more depending on strength of the source (status), Distance and Number

30
Q

What are the three types of loneliness?

A
31
Q

Which factors influence initial attraction?

A
32
Q

stimulus-value-role theory

A

three stages in relationship->stimulus (external attributes), value (common values and beliefs), roles (husband and wife)

33
Q

Social Exchange theory

A

desire to maximize gains and reduce losses

34
Q

Triangular theory of love

A

Passion, intimacy and commitment

35
Q

What are the three attachment styles ?

A

Secure, Anxious and avoidant

36
Q

Bowlby’s attachment theory

A

evolution wired us to seek contact

37
Q

What are the signs of bad communication in a relationship?

A

contempt, defensiveness, stonewalling and criticism

38
Q

Relationship-enhancing attribution

A

Desirable behaviors of partner->inherent
undesirable traits->situational

39
Q

distress-maintaining attribution

A

undesirable behaviors of partner->inherent
desirable traits->situational

40
Q

What are the factors of groupness/entitativity in Gestalt principles?

A

Similarity, Proximity and moving together

41
Q

What factors encourage a tight society?

A

Great ecological or historical threat, higer pop density, restrictive government or religion

42
Q

Explain social facilitation and social loafing

A
43
Q

distraction conflict theory

A

In social facilitation theory->stimulus can distract the individual from their task

44
Q

collective effort model

A

if individual thinks that their effort matter, no social loafing

45
Q

Social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE)

A

when individual experiences deindividuation, their new social identity depends on people surrounding them

46
Q

What are the three types of tasks influenced by process loss

A

Additive task->sum of contributions
Conjunctive task->determined by poorest perf
Disjunctive task->determined by higher perf

47
Q

What is the group polarization effect?

A

After brainstorming, groups tend to move toward extremes

48
Q

What is groupthink?

A

When the need for agreement is the priority

49
Q

What are the two types of social dilemmas?

A

Resource dilemma->finite resource, if someone take everything, no more for others
Public goods dilemmas->people contribute to common pool

50
Q

What are the two types of aggression?

A

Proactive/Instrumental aggression->means to another end
Reactive/Emotional aggression->end in itself

51
Q

Who’s more aggressive

A

Males (in physical violence), teenagers and young adults, individualistic societies, people low on agreeableness and openness and high on neuroticism

52
Q

What is the Dark Triad?

A

A set of negative personality traits (Narcissism, machiavellianism, psychopathy) that can predict violence

53
Q

Under which conditions does corporal punishment work?

A

Has to follow directly the behavior, be strong enough, systematic and perceived as fair

54
Q

Hostile attribution bias

A

Perceive hostile intents from others

55
Q

Describes the Multisystemic therapy (MST)

A

therapy that focus on the individual as well as the environment (ex: family), it is often used in juvenile deliquency

56
Q

Empathy-altruism hypothesis

A

when we feel empathy toward someone, we will help no matter the gain

57
Q

describe the bystander effect

A

the greater the number of bystanders witnessing an emergency, the less likely it is that anyone is going to help

58
Q

Urban overload hypothesis

A

individuals in urban environment are bombarded with stimuli and therefore, less likely to notice someone in need

59
Q

pluralistic ignorance

A

people mistakenly believe that others predominantly hold an opinion different from their own

PSYC 215 (1 decks)

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