final Flashcards
- Worksite Health Promotion can be defined as:
a. Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health.
b. Any planned combination of educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living to health.
c. A combination of educational, organizational, and environmental activities designed to improve the health and safety of employees and their families.
d. The designing and implementation of behavior change programs that will positively influence the health related/health directed behaviors of a targeted population.
c. A combination of educational, organizational, and environmental activities designed to improve the health and safety of employees and their families.
- Which data collection method used in the Needs Assessment is incorrectly matched?
a. Nominal Group Process: Series of small group meetings to generate ideas from employees designed to ensure equal participation from employees of unequal power.
b. Focus Groups: Series of purposely sampled small groups that meet for 1 – 1.5 hours to be asked a series of questions that pertain to a product.
c. Delphi Method: Identify a group of employees and mail or email them the points of concern identified through the Task Force meeting.
d. All of the above are correctly matched.
d. All of the above are correctly matched.
- Prevalence of a health issue depends on four factors: migration, recovery/behavior change, incidence and death. Which of these factors does not decrease the prevalence of disease?
a. Migration
b. Incidence
c. Death
d. Recovery/behavior change
b. Incidence
- What is the correct order of steps in the behavioral diagnosis?
a. Identify & Sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Conduct a behavioral analysis, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective
b. Develop a behavioral objective, conduct a behavioral analysis, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Synthesize data and report it to the task force
c. Conduct a behavioral analysis, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective
d. Synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, conduct a behavioral analysis
a. Identify & Sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Conduct a behavioral analysis, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective
- Which definition best describes predisposing factors?
a. Factors that require change to initiate and sustain the process of changing lifestyle behaviors
b. Antecedents to behavior that provide the rationale of motivation for the behavior
c. Antecedents to behavior that allow a motivation to be realized; any skill or characteristic of the environment that facilitates a healthy behavior
d. Factors that follow a behavior and provide the continuing reward or incentive for the persistence or repetition of the behavior
b. Antecedents to behavior that provide the rationale of motivation for the behavior
- What is the purpose of the Behavioral Diagnosis?
a. To get a sense of your community and what their needs are
b. To design a health status goal
c. To identify the behavioral target of the health promotion plan
d. You do not perform a behavioral diagnosis in the PRECEDE model
c. To identify the behavioral target of the health promotion plan
- What are the determinants of behavior identified in the Educational Diagnosis?
a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing
b. Predisposing, changing, reinforcing
c. Changing, interventions, reinforcement
d. Predisposing, interventions, reinforcement
a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing
- The intervention literature must include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Causal link to Health Status
b. Behavioral Determinants
c. Intervention Strategies
d. Results of Intervention
a. Causal link to Health Status
- Which of the following is not a component of an Educational Objective?
a. Who is expected to change
b. Where is this change going to take place
c. By how much is the condition going to change
d. When is the change expected to occur
b. Where is this change going to take place
- Which of the following is not an approach to developing a conceptual model?
a. Fear-based
b. Determinants-based
c. Theory-based
c. Knowledge-based
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
- Which method of data collection involves only mail and email?
a. Delphi Method
b. Central Location Intercept
c. Nominal Group Process
d. Focus Group
a. Delphi Method
- ___________ measures the frequency of existing disease.
a. Social Diagnosis
b. Incidence
c. Educational Diagnosis
d. Prevalence
d. Prevalence
- The needs assessment is conducted during what step of the PRECEDE model?
a. Behavioral Diagnosis
b. Social Diagnosis
c. Education Diagnosis
d. Epidemiological Diagnosis
b. Social Diagnosis
- Antecedents to behavior that provide the rational or motivation for behavior are
a. Incidence
b. Enabling Factors
c. Predisposing Factors
d. Reinforcing Factors
c. Predisposing Factors
- Why do health promotion at worksites?
a. Large Populations
b. Social Support
c. Defined Community
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- What stage of the PRECEDE model must we ask ourselves what set of skills, thoughts, perceptions, and resources help people change their behavior?
a. Social Diagnosis
b. Epidemiological diagnosis
c. Educational diagnosis
d. Behavioral diagnosis
c. Educational diagnosis
- What are the two types of Reinforcing Factors?
a. Enabling factors and Biological factors
b. Social factors and Extrinsic factors?
c. Intrinsic factors and Sociological factors?
d. Intrinsic factors and Extrinsic factors?
d. Intrinsic factors and Extrinsic factors?
- Educational diagnosis includes:
a. Who, what, when, by how much?
b. Identification of the outcomes you know must result from the lesson in order to change the targeted behavioral determinants?
c. Both A and C?
d. None of the above?
c. Both A and C?
- To identify changeability of a factor we must:
a. Focus on strategies that work
b. Focus on educational and environmental factors which have empirical support for changeability.
c. A, B and D
d. What educational and environmental factors have other WHP interventions targeted?
c. A, B and D
- Necessity is:
a. How compelling or urgent a factor is?
b. What must be present in order for the behavior to occur?
c. How widespread is this factor or how often the community is exposed to it.
d. What determinants have other interventions targeted and successfully altered to lead to success in changing behavior?
b. What must be present in order for the behavior to occur?
- The Social Diagnosis component of health program planning has all of the following purposes EXCEPT:
a. Identify the employee’s level of interest in the worksite health promotion program.
b. Validate the importance of the worksite’s health issues through research on national and state data.
c. Identify the major health and behavioral issues affecting the workforce.
d. Identify available resources for a worksite health promotion program.
b. Validate the importance of the worksite’s health issues through research on national and state data.
- Which of the following correctly describes incidence?
a. The number of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specific period of time.
b. The frequency of existing disease.
c. A rate.
d. A proportion of the total population that has the disease.
e. A & C only.
f. B & D only.
g. B & C only.
e. A & C only.
- Forming the Behavioral Diagnosis involves which of the following?
a. Writing a behavioral objective.
b. Forming a task force.
c. Distributing an employee interest survey.
d. Conducting a behavioral analysis.
e. B & C only.
f. A & D only.
g. All of the above.
f. A & D only.
- Which of the following steps in forming the Educational Diagnosis involves considering both the importance and changeability of the educational and environmental targets?
a. Step 1 – Identify the Behavioral Determinants
b. Step 2 – Establish Priorities
c. Step 3 – Develop a Conceptual Model
d. Step 4 – Write Educational Objectives
b. Step 2 – Establish Priorities
- Listing the objective, content, process, and time is part of creating which of the following?
a. Intervention Plan
b. Educational Objective
c. Conceptual Model
d. Behavioral Determinants
a. Intervention Plan
- If a child has been exposed to smoking their entire life and has a positive attitude on the issue, what kind of factor is this:
a. Enabling
b. Predisposing
c. Reinforcing
d. Behavior
b. Predisposing
- Dan realizes he has the skills to start an exercise routine after attending one of his worksite’s wellness activities. This activity helped Dan improve, which construct:
a. Self-efficacy
b. Outcome expectations
c. Self-monitoring
d. Subjective norm
a. Self-efficacy
- Tina organizes a focus group with her worksite facility. She asks the attendees about where their company could improve in their wellness goals. Tina is starting to form, which diagnosis:
a. Epidemiological
b. Behavioral
c. Social
d. Educational
c. Social
- John gathers several risk factors from his target group. Which of the following would be appropriate as a target behavioral factor:
a. High blood pressure
b. Family history
c. Obesity
d. Smoking
d. Smoking
- Karen presents the behavioral objective, “100% of participants in the Get Fit Program will exercise for 30 minutes, 5 times a week for 6 months starting January 1, 2014.” Which goal criteria is lacking most in her statement:
a. Quantifiable
b. Sufficient intervention time
c. Realistic achievability
d. Measurable
c. Realistic achievability
- Health can be defined as the following EXCEPT:
a. A resource for everyday life
b. The absence of disease
c. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
d. A compilation of epidemiological, social, and behavioral factors
d. A compilation of epidemiological, social, and behavioral factors
- Health Education differs from Health Promotion in that:
a. Health Education is the learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in health behavior; Health Promotion is planned educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of healthy living.
b. Health Education is the study of diseases and medical factors related to one’s health and wellness; Health Promotion is a new policy enacted by the government that enforces a healthy lifestyle through the risk of raised taxes for poor health.
c. Health Education is any teaching of health only within a school setting (primary school through colleges and universities); Health Promotion is any teaching of health outside of a school setting only (community centers, gyms, etc.).
d. There is no difference-Health Education and Health Promotion can be used interchangeably.
a. Health Education is the learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in health behavior; Health Promotion is planned educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of healthy living.
- The correct order of the PRECEDE model is as follows:
a. Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Social diagnosis, Educational Diagnosis
b. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis
c. Social diagnosis, Needs assessment, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis
d. Educational diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Social diagnosis
Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis
- The purpose of the Needs Assessment is NOT
a. To identify employee health status and health concerns
b. To determine employee environmental and policy resources and barriers
c. To identify employee level of interest
d. To conduct research to validate the importance of the priority health concern
d. To conduct research to validate the importance of the priority health concern
- Prevalence is:
a. The proportion of the total population that is diseased
b. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time
c. Is a rate
d. The rate of death attributed to the health condition
a. The proportion of the total population that is diseased
- An organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury, and disability is called
a. Health Education
b. Public Health
c. Disease Prevention
d. Behavioral Objective
b. Public Health
- Which of the following is NOT a cause of increasing health care costs?
a. New Technology
b. Cost Shifting
c. Malpractice Insurance
d. Worksite Health Promotion Programs
d. Worksite Health Promotion Programs
- The correct order of the diagnoses in the PRECEDE model is:
a. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational
b. Behavioral, Political, Educational, Social
c. Epidemiological, Educational, Behavioral, Social
d. Political, Social, Educational, Environmental
a. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational
- What is missing from the following health status goal?
“By the end of the Healthy Hearts program, 60% of participants will decrease their LDL level.”
a. Who?
b. By When?
c. What?
d. How much?
d. How much?
- A smoking cessation intervention in which participants are shown images of diseased lungs, are told to think about the impact of their smoking on their family and friends, and focuses on death and illness is using which approach?
a. Knowledge
b. Fear
c. Determinants
d. Theory
b. Fear
- A health status goal objectively defines:
a. who will receive the program
b. how much of the benefit they should achieve
c. by when
d. all the above
all the above
- What is the course format for intervention planning?
a. content, objectives, time, process
b. objectives, content, process, time
c. objectives, concept, purpose, time
d. time, process, content, objectives
objectives, content, process, time
- Which of the following is NOT a determinant of health?
a. behavioral factors
b. social factors
c. political factors
d. biological factors
c. political factors
- What is a risk factor for heart disease?
a. smoking
b. exercise
c. obesity
d. a and c
d. a and c
- Which is NOT one of the four P’s of the Marketing Mix?
a. purpose
b. price
c. placement
d. promotion
a. purpose
- Which of the following risk factors has the highest annual cost associated with the condition?
a. Overweight
b. Current smoker
c. Diabetes
d. Depression
d. Depression
- The number of new cases of a disease that develop in an at risk population over a specified period of time is referred to as
a. Prevalence
b. Incidence
c. Morbidity
d. Mortality
b. Incidence
- Which of the following is not a criterion of a good goal?
a. Measurable
b. Realistic achievability
c. Achieved within one year
d. Compatible with current stakeholders’ personal health and values
c. Achieved within one year
- Which of the following is a predisposing factor for a behavior?
a. Time
b. Social recognition
c. Self-efficacy
d. Resources and equipment
c. Self-efficacy
- What is the first step in the educational diagnosis?
a. Identify the behavioral determinants
b. Develop a conceptual model
c. Write educational objectives
d. Establish priorities among the determinants
a. Identify the behavioral determinants
- Ben is designing a program to promote physical activity in adolescent aged students. Ben is developing a marketing strategy to specifically target students to do not participate in after school sports, because they have been identified as a high risk group for not meeting the physical activity recommended guidelines. Ben’s tactic is part of which market mix component?
d. Placement
- Which of the following is an example of a modifiable predisposing factor?
a. Perceived benefits
b. Resources and Equipment
c. Outcome expectancies
d. A and C
e. All of the above
d. A and C
- Which of the following is not an indicator of organizational health?
a. Health care cost
b. Body fat percentage
c. Productivity
d. Absenteeism
e. Injuries
b. Body fat percentage
- Which of the following is the most sufficient health status goal?
a. By the end of the 6 month Heart to Heart program, health care cost associated with cardiovascular diseases will be reduced by 40%.
b. 50% of the employees of Walmart will quit smoking by January 2015 in Breath of Fresh Air intervention
c. The Cover Your Cough staff wellness program at Runny Woods Medical Center will reduce absenteeism by 80% within one year.
d. After the 8 month Nutrition For Life, all of employees of XYZ construction company will reduce claims of back injuries from 30 % to 5%.
d. After the 8 month Nutrition For Life, all of employees of XYZ construction company will reduce claims of back injuries from 30 % to 5%.
- Which of the following is not an example of an educational strategy for an intervention program?
a. Employees of the Nationwide Insurance participating in the Keeping fit program receive nutritional information and ideas on how to include vegetables in their meals via their email.
b. Battelle requires all food in the vending machines to have no more than 50 total calories from fat.
c. The staff of the Hilton attend a weekly seminar on the benefits of exercise an d learn the principles of FITT (frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type)
d. An on-site dietitian meets with employees of the state attorney’s office for a one-on-one nutritional advice and menu planning.
b. Battelle requires all food in the vending machines to have no more than 50 total calories from fat.
- Awareness Campaigns include which of the following?
a. Media Campaigns
b. Written Publications/Print
c. Billboards
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- Companies and businesses have health plans because they:
a. Improve employee health
b. Save the company money
c. Increase productivity
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- OSU’s “Your Plan for Health” allows employees to earn points through which of the following:
a. Eating at fast food restaurants
b. Calling off work
c. Attending workshops, screenings, workout classes, and nutrition counseling
d. All of the above
c. Attending workshops, screenings, workout classes, and nutrition counseling
- The behavioral objective is aimed at defining which of the following:
a. Who
b. What
c. How much
d. By when
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
- Which factors of an intervention lead to the behavioral objective?
a. Predisposing, Enabling, Reinforcing
b. Practice, Outcomes, Success
c. Workforce, Social, Failures
d. Encouraging, Engaging, Trying
a. Predisposing, Enabling, Reinforcing
- What is health?
a. A resource for everyday life
b. Absence of disease
c. Positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- What is one business advantage of WHP?
a. Government benefit
b. Accessibility
c. Young workforce
d. No competition
b. Accessibility
- The purpose of the epidemiological diagnosis (step2) of the PRECEDE Model is to:
a. To research data at state and national levels to make sure local data is in line
b. Develop a task force
c. Write objectives
d. Conduct a needs assessment
a. To research data at state and national levels to make sure local data is in line
- Which of the following is NOT a employee health indicator:
a. Blood pressure
b. Weight
c. Height
d. Cholesterol level
c. Height
- Which of the following are methods used for collecting data in a needs assessment?
a. Delphi method
b. Nominal group process
c. Focus groups
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- Which of the following is NOT a form of data collection during a social diagnosis?
a. Surveys
b. Focus groups
c. Delphi method
d. Interviewing the CEO only
d. Interviewing the CEO only
- Incidence is:
a. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time.
b. The proportion of the total population that is “diseased”
c. The rate of death attributed to the health condition.
d. Medical expenditures associated with the health problem.
a. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time.
- The object of task force meeting #2 is:
a. To determine the top three health priorities at a company.
b. Decide on a health status goal for the program
c. To deliver lesson plans.
d. To interview employees to determine their health needs.
b. Decide on a health status goal for the program
- All of the following are examples of biologic factors, except:
a. Genetics
b. Age
c. Lifestyle
d. Gender
c. Lifestyle
- Which is NOT a common approach to developing a conceptual model?
a. Fear-Based approach
b. Determinants-Based approach
c. Happiness-Based approach
d. Theory-Based approach
c. Happiness-Based approach
- “Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health” is the definition of what?
a. Health Education
b. Health promotion
c. Public health
d. Educational diagnosis
e. Health program
a. Health Education
- What are the 4 steps, in order, to develop a worksite health promotion program
a. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis
b. Epidemiological diagnosis, Educational diagnosis, Social diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis
c. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, behavioral diagnosis, Instructive diagnosis
d. Community diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational Diagnosis
e. Community diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Instructive diagnosis
a. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis
- What is (are) methods for collecting data for needs assessment?
a. Nominal group process
b. Delphi method,
c. Surveys and questionnaires
d. Central location intercept
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
- Define “Incidence”
a. Measures the frequency of existing disease in the total population
b. The occurrence of new cases in an at risk population
c. Rate of death attributed to the health condition
d. Populations that are at greatest risk of dying from the health condition
e. Years of life lost attributed to the health condition
b. The occurrence of new cases in an at risk population
- What is NOT an important aspect for an education objective?
a. Who is expected to change
b. What is to be achieved by the end of the program/lesson
c. How much of the condition is to be achieved?
d. When is changed expected to occur?
e. Where does the change take place?
e. Where does the change take place?
- Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health is considered:
a. Health Promotion
b. Health Education
c. Both A and B
d. None of the Above
b. Health Education
- Stage-matched, self-efficacy, decisional-balance, cognitive phases of change and behavior phases of change are all target examples of which conceptual model approach?
a. Fear Based Approach
b. Knowledge Based Approach
c. Determinants Based Approach
d. Theory Based Approach
d. Theory Based Approach
- Which of the following are completed during the epidemiological diagnosis?
a. Recruit a WHP Task Force and facilitate an initial meeting
b. Identify and sort the risk factors for the priority health concern
c. Validate the public health significance of the health issue facing the workplace
d. Both A and B
e. Both B and C
c. Validate the public health significance of the health issue facing the workplace
- Which of the following depicts the proper progression of health program planning?
a. Social Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Behavioral Dx → Educational Dx
b. Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Social Dx → Educational Dx
c. Social Dx → Educational Dx → Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx
d. Epidemiological Dx → Educational Dx → Social Dx → Behavioral Dx
e. Educational Dx → Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Social Dx
a. Social Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Behavioral Dx → Educational Dx
- The data collection process which utilizes a series of small group meetings to generate ideas from employees and ensures equal participation from employees with different levels of power is known as:
a. Delphi Method
b. Nominal Group Process
c. Focus Groups
d. Central Location Intercept
e. Environmental Checklist
b. Nominal Group Process
- What is the name of The Ohio State University’s health promotion program?
a. Your Plan for Health
b. Commit to be fit
c. Move to Improve
d. Step Up
a. Your Plan for Health
- Which of these is/are considered risk factors?
a. Depression
b. Diabetes
c. Smoker
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- A __________ is a series of purposely sampled small groups (8-12) that meet for 1-1.5 hours to be asked a series of questions that pertain to a product
a. Nominal group
b. Delphi group
c. Focus group
d. None of the above
c. Focus group
- Which step in the PRECEDE model conducts research to validate the importance of the priority health concern?
a. Social Diagnosis
b. Epidemiological Diagnosis
c. Behavioral Diagnosis
d. Educational Diagnosis
b. Epidemiological Diagnosis
- Which of the following is NOT a business advantage of worksite health promotion?
a. Decrease in absenteeism
b. Increase in productivity
c. Positive company image
d. Decreased productivity
e. Create business contacts
d. Decreased productivity
- Which of the following are steps in the PRECEDE model?
a. Educational Dx
b. Psychological Dx
c. Social Dx
d. Both A and C
e. All of the above
d. Both A and C
- In terms of epidemiological data. How is incidence, defined as the occurrence of new cases, expressed as?
a. Ratio rate
b. Relative rate
c. Relative ratio
d. Incidence ratio
e. Risk proportion
b. Relative rate
- A health status goal should objectively define which 4 things?
a. Who
b. What
c. How
d. By
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
- What factor(s) are involved in the behavioral objective?
a. Predisposing
b. Enabling
c. Motivational
d. A and C
e. A and B
e. A and B
- Which of the following is not an example of a behavioral risk factor for developing heart disease?
a. Smoking
b. Family History
c. Sedentary
d. High fat diet
b. Family History
- Which step of the PRECEDE model is intended to identify and analyze the social or economic problems and aspirations of the population or community which impact quality of life within the community?
a. Epidemiological Diagnosis
b. Social Diagnosis
c. Behavioral Diagnosis
d. Educational Diagnosis
b. Social Diagnosis
- In order to judge the importance of an educational factor, one needs to examine all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Necessity
b. Immediacy
c. Cost
d. Prevalence
c. Cost
- If 70% of college students believe that the withdrawal method is just as effective as condom use, this should be the topic of discussion in a sex education class. If only 10% believe this, it is not as important to discuss. This is based on what importance factor?
a. Necessity
b. Prevalence
c. Immediacy
d. None of the above
b. Prevalence
- Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health is known as what?
a. Health promotion
b. Health education
c. The PRECEDE model
d. Health behavior
b. Health education
- Why should health promotion be encouraged at the workplace?
a. There is a defined community
b. There is access to a defined population and social support
c. There are economic reasons for improving health and productivity
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
- Gloria is a 38-year old woman. She smokes and has a BMI of 31. Which determinants of health can Gloria modify in order to change her health status?
a. Her age
b. Her race
c. Her habit of smoking
d. None of the above
c. Her habit of smoking
- In the educational diagnosis, which is NOT a consideration when establishing priorities in the specific targets of your intervention?
a. Time
b. Changeability
c. Immediacy
d. Necessity
a. Time