final Flashcards by shayne denihan

Worksite Health Promotion can be defined as:
a. Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health.
b. Any planned combination of educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living to health.
c. A combination of educational, organizational, and environmental activities designed to improve the health and safety of employees and their families.
d. The designing and implementation of behavior change programs that will positively influence the health related/health directed behaviors of a targeted population.

c. A combination of educational, organizational, and environmental activities designed to improve the health and safety of employees and their families.

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Which data collection method used in the Needs Assessment is incorrectly matched?
a. Nominal Group Process: Series of small group meetings to generate ideas from employees designed to ensure equal participation from employees of unequal power.
b. Focus Groups: Series of purposely sampled small groups that meet for 1 – 1.5 hours to be asked a series of questions that pertain to a product.
c. Delphi Method: Identify a group of employees and mail or email them the points of concern identified through the Task Force meeting.
d. All of the above are correctly matched.

d. All of the above are correctly matched.

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Prevalence of a health issue depends on four factors: migration, recovery/behavior change, incidence and death. Which of these factors does not decrease the prevalence of disease?
a. Migration
b. Incidence
c. Death
d. Recovery/behavior change

b. Incidence

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What is the correct order of steps in the behavioral diagnosis?
a. Identify & Sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Conduct a behavioral analysis, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective
b. Develop a behavioral objective, conduct a behavioral analysis, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Synthesize data and report it to the task force
c. Conduct a behavioral analysis, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective
d. Synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective, identify & sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, conduct a behavioral analysis

a. Identify & Sort the risk factors for the Priority Health Concern, Conduct a behavioral analysis, synthesize data and report it to the task force, develop a behavioral objective

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Which definition best describes predisposing factors?
a. Factors that require change to initiate and sustain the process of changing lifestyle behaviors
b. Antecedents to behavior that provide the rationale of motivation for the behavior
c. Antecedents to behavior that allow a motivation to be realized; any skill or characteristic of the environment that facilitates a healthy behavior
d. Factors that follow a behavior and provide the continuing reward or incentive for the persistence or repetition of the behavior

b. Antecedents to behavior that provide the rationale of motivation for the behavior

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What is the purpose of the Behavioral Diagnosis?
a. To get a sense of your community and what their needs are
b. To design a health status goal
c. To identify the behavioral target of the health promotion plan
d. You do not perform a behavioral diagnosis in the PRECEDE model

c. To identify the behavioral target of the health promotion plan

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What are the determinants of behavior identified in the Educational Diagnosis?
a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing
b. Predisposing, changing, reinforcing
c. Changing, interventions, reinforcement
d. Predisposing, interventions, reinforcement

a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing

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The intervention literature must include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Causal link to Health Status
b. Behavioral Determinants
c. Intervention Strategies
d. Results of Intervention

a. Causal link to Health Status

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Which of the following is not a component of an Educational Objective?
a. Who is expected to change
b. Where is this change going to take place
c. By how much is the condition going to change
d. When is the change expected to occur

b. Where is this change going to take place

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Which of the following is not an approach to developing a conceptual model?
a. Fear-based
b. Determinants-based
c. Theory-based
c. Knowledge-based
d. None of the above

d. None of the above

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Which method of data collection involves only mail and email?
a. Delphi Method
b. Central Location Intercept
c. Nominal Group Process
d. Focus Group

a. Delphi Method

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___________ measures the frequency of existing disease.
a. Social Diagnosis
b. Incidence
c. Educational Diagnosis
d. Prevalence

d. Prevalence

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The needs assessment is conducted during what step of the PRECEDE model?
a. Behavioral Diagnosis
b. Social Diagnosis
c. Education Diagnosis
d. Epidemiological Diagnosis

b. Social Diagnosis

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Antecedents to behavior that provide the rational or motivation for behavior are
a. Incidence
b. Enabling Factors
c. Predisposing Factors
d. Reinforcing Factors

c. Predisposing Factors

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Why do health promotion at worksites?
a. Large Populations
b. Social Support
c. Defined Community
d. All of the above

d. All of the above

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What stage of the PRECEDE model must we ask ourselves what set of skills, thoughts, perceptions, and resources help people change their behavior?
a. Social Diagnosis
b. Epidemiological diagnosis
c. Educational diagnosis
d. Behavioral diagnosis

c. Educational diagnosis

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What are the two types of Reinforcing Factors?
a. Enabling factors and Biological factors
b. Social factors and Extrinsic factors?
c. Intrinsic factors and Sociological factors?
d. Intrinsic factors and Extrinsic factors?

d. Intrinsic factors and Extrinsic factors?

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Educational diagnosis includes:
a. Who, what, when, by how much?
b. Identification of the outcomes you know must result from the lesson in order to change the targeted behavioral determinants?
c. Both A and C?
d. None of the above?

c. Both A and C?

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To identify changeability of a factor we must:
a. Focus on strategies that work
b. Focus on educational and environmental factors which have empirical support for changeability.
c. A, B and D
d. What educational and environmental factors have other WHP interventions targeted?

c. A, B and D

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Necessity is:
a. How compelling or urgent a factor is?
b. What must be present in order for the behavior to occur?
c. How widespread is this factor or how often the community is exposed to it.
d. What determinants have other interventions targeted and successfully altered to lead to success in changing behavior?

b. What must be present in order for the behavior to occur?

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The Social Diagnosis component of health program planning has all of the following purposes EXCEPT:
a. Identify the employee’s level of interest in the worksite health promotion program.
b. Validate the importance of the worksite’s health issues through research on national and state data.
c. Identify the major health and behavioral issues affecting the workforce.
d. Identify available resources for a worksite health promotion program.

b. Validate the importance of the worksite’s health issues through research on national and state data.

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Which of the following correctly describes incidence?
a. The number of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specific period of time.
b. The frequency of existing disease.
c. A rate.
d. A proportion of the total population that has the disease.
e. A & C only.
f. B & D only.
g. B & C only.

e. A & C only.

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Forming the Behavioral Diagnosis involves which of the following?
a. Writing a behavioral objective.
b. Forming a task force.
c. Distributing an employee interest survey.
d. Conducting a behavioral analysis.
e. B & C only.
f. A & D only.
g. All of the above.

f. A & D only.

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Which of the following steps in forming the Educational Diagnosis involves considering both the importance and changeability of the educational and environmental targets?
a. Step 1 – Identify the Behavioral Determinants
b. Step 2 – Establish Priorities
c. Step 3 – Develop a Conceptual Model
d. Step 4 – Write Educational Objectives

b. Step 2 – Establish Priorities

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25. Listing the objective, content, process, and time is part of creating which of the following? a. Intervention Plan b. Educational Objective c. Conceptual Model d. Behavioral Determinants

a. Intervention Plan

26. If a child has been exposed to smoking their entire life and has a positive attitude on the issue, what kind of factor is this: a. Enabling b. Predisposing c. Reinforcing d. Behavior

b. Predisposing

27. Dan realizes he has the skills to start an exercise routine after attending one of his worksite’s wellness activities. This activity helped Dan improve, which construct: a. Self-efficacy b. Outcome expectations c. Self-monitoring d. Subjective norm

a. Self-efficacy

28. Tina organizes a focus group with her worksite facility. She asks the attendees about where their company could improve in their wellness goals. Tina is starting to form, which diagnosis: a. Epidemiological b. Behavioral c. Social d. Educational

c. Social

29. John gathers several risk factors from his target group. Which of the following would be appropriate as a target behavioral factor: a. High blood pressure b. Family history c. Obesity d. Smoking

d. Smoking

30. Karen presents the behavioral objective, “100% of participants in the Get Fit Program will exercise for 30 minutes, 5 times a week for 6 months starting January 1, 2014.” Which goal criteria is lacking most in her statement: a. Quantifiable b. Sufficient intervention time c. Realistic achievability d. Measurable

c. Realistic achievability

31. Health can be defined as the following EXCEPT: a. A resource for everyday life b. The absence of disease c. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being d. A compilation of epidemiological, social, and behavioral factors

d. A compilation of epidemiological, social, and behavioral factors

32. Health Education differs from Health Promotion in that: a. Health Education is the learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in health behavior; Health Promotion is planned educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of healthy living. b. Health Education is the study of diseases and medical factors related to one’s health and wellness; Health Promotion is a new policy enacted by the government that enforces a healthy lifestyle through the risk of raised taxes for poor health. c. Health Education is any teaching of health only within a school setting (primary school through colleges and universities); Health Promotion is any teaching of health outside of a school setting only (community centers, gyms, etc.). d. There is no difference-Health Education and Health Promotion can be used interchangeably.

a. Health Education is the learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in health behavior; Health Promotion is planned educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of healthy living.

33. The correct order of the PRECEDE model is as follows: a. Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Social diagnosis, Educational Diagnosis b. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis c. Social diagnosis, Needs assessment, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis d. Educational diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Social diagnosis

Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis

34. The purpose of the Needs Assessment is NOT a. To identify employee health status and health concerns b. To determine employee environmental and policy resources and barriers c. To identify employee level of interest d. To conduct research to validate the importance of the priority health concern

d. To conduct research to validate the importance of the priority health concern

35. Prevalence is: a. The proportion of the total population that is diseased b. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time c. Is a rate d. The rate of death attributed to the health condition

a. The proportion of the total population that is diseased

36. An organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury, and disability is called a. Health Education b. Public Health c. Disease Prevention d. Behavioral Objective

b. Public Health

37. Which of the following is NOT a cause of increasing health care costs? a. New Technology b. Cost Shifting c. Malpractice Insurance d. Worksite Health Promotion Programs

d. Worksite Health Promotion Programs

38. The correct order of the diagnoses in the PRECEDE model is: a. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational b. Behavioral, Political, Educational, Social c. Epidemiological, Educational, Behavioral, Social d. Political, Social, Educational, Environmental

a. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational

39. What is missing from the following health status goal? “By the end of the Healthy Hearts program, 60% of participants will decrease their LDL level.” a. Who? b. By When? c. What? d. How much?

d. How much?

40. A smoking cessation intervention in which participants are shown images of diseased lungs, are told to think about the impact of their smoking on their family and friends, and focuses on death and illness is using which approach? a. Knowledge b. Fear c. Determinants d. Theory

b. Fear

41. A health status goal objectively defines: a. who will receive the program b. how much of the benefit they should achieve c. by when d. all the above

all the above

42. What is the course format for intervention planning? a. content, objectives, time, process b. objectives, content, process, time c. objectives, concept, purpose, time d. time, process, content, objectives

objectives, content, process, time

43. Which of the following is NOT a determinant of health? a. behavioral factors b. social factors c. political factors d. biological factors

c. political factors

44. What is a risk factor for heart disease? a. smoking b. exercise c. obesity d. a and c

d. a and c

45. Which is NOT one of the four P's of the Marketing Mix? a. purpose b. price c. placement d. promotion

a. purpose

46. Which of the following risk factors has the highest annual cost associated with the condition? a. Overweight b. Current smoker c. Diabetes d. Depression

d. Depression

47. The number of new cases of a disease that develop in an at risk population over a specified period of time is referred to as a. Prevalence b. Incidence c. Morbidity d. Mortality

b. Incidence

48. Which of the following is not a criterion of a good goal? a. Measurable b. Realistic achievability c. Achieved within one year d. Compatible with current stakeholders’ personal health and values

c. Achieved within one year

49. Which of the following is a predisposing factor for a behavior? a. Time b. Social recognition c. Self-efficacy d. Resources and equipment

c. Self-efficacy

50. What is the first step in the educational diagnosis? a. Identify the behavioral determinants b. Develop a conceptual model c. Write educational objectives d. Establish priorities among the determinants

a. Identify the behavioral determinants

51. Ben is designing a program to promote physical activity in adolescent aged students. Ben is developing a marketing strategy to specifically target students to do not participate in after school sports, because they have been identified as a high risk group for not meeting the physical activity recommended guidelines. Ben’s tactic is part of which market mix component?

d. Placement

52. Which of the following is an example of a modifiable predisposing factor? a. Perceived benefits b. Resources and Equipment c. Outcome expectancies d. A and C e. All of the above

d. A and C

53. Which of the following is not an indicator of organizational health? a. Health care cost b. Body fat percentage c. Productivity d. Absenteeism e. Injuries

b. Body fat percentage

54. Which of the following is the most sufficient health status goal? a. By the end of the 6 month Heart to Heart program, health care cost associated with cardiovascular diseases will be reduced by 40%. b. 50% of the employees of Walmart will quit smoking by January 2015 in Breath of Fresh Air intervention c. The Cover Your Cough staff wellness program at Runny Woods Medical Center will reduce absenteeism by 80% within one year. d. After the 8 month Nutrition For Life, all of employees of XYZ construction company will reduce claims of back injuries from 30 % to 5%.

d. After the 8 month Nutrition For Life, all of employees of XYZ construction company will reduce claims of back injuries from 30 % to 5%.

55. Which of the following is not an example of an educational strategy for an intervention program? a. Employees of the Nationwide Insurance participating in the Keeping fit program receive nutritional information and ideas on how to include vegetables in their meals via their email. b. Battelle requires all food in the vending machines to have no more than 50 total calories from fat. c. The staff of the Hilton attend a weekly seminar on the benefits of exercise an d learn the principles of FITT (frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type) d. An on-site dietitian meets with employees of the state attorney’s office for a one-on-one nutritional advice and menu planning.

b. Battelle requires all food in the vending machines to have no more than 50 total calories from fat.

56. Awareness Campaigns include which of the following? a. Media Campaigns b. Written Publications/Print c. Billboards d. All of the above

d. All of the above

57. Companies and businesses have health plans because they: a. Improve employee health b. Save the company money c. Increase productivity d. All of the above

d. All of the above

58. OSU’s “Your Plan for Health” allows employees to earn points through which of the following: a. Eating at fast food restaurants b. Calling off work c. Attending workshops, screenings, workout classes, and nutrition counseling d. All of the above

c. Attending workshops, screenings, workout classes, and nutrition counseling

59. The behavioral objective is aimed at defining which of the following: a. Who b. What c. How much d. By when e. All of the above

e. All of the above

60. Which factors of an intervention lead to the behavioral objective? a. Predisposing, Enabling, Reinforcing b. Practice, Outcomes, Success c. Workforce, Social, Failures d. Encouraging, Engaging, Trying

a. Predisposing, Enabling, Reinforcing

61. What is health? a. A resource for everyday life b. Absence of disease c. Positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities d. All of the above

d. All of the above

62. What is one business advantage of WHP? a. Government benefit b. Accessibility c. Young workforce d. No competition

b. Accessibility

63. The purpose of the epidemiological diagnosis (step2) of the PRECEDE Model is to: a. To research data at state and national levels to make sure local data is in line b. Develop a task force c. Write objectives d. Conduct a needs assessment

a. To research data at state and national levels to make sure local data is in line

64. Which of the following is NOT a employee health indicator: a. Blood pressure b. Weight c. Height d. Cholesterol level

c. Height

65. Which of the following are methods used for collecting data in a needs assessment? a. Delphi method b. Nominal group process c. Focus groups d. All of the above

d. All of the above

66. Which of the following is NOT a form of data collection during a social diagnosis? a. Surveys b. Focus groups c. Delphi method d. Interviewing the CEO only

d. Interviewing the CEO only

67. Incidence is: a. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time. b. The proportion of the total population that is “diseased” c. The rate of death attributed to the health condition. d. Medical expenditures associated with the health problem.

a. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time.

68. The object of task force meeting #2 is: a. To determine the top three health priorities at a company. b. Decide on a health status goal for the program c. To deliver lesson plans. d. To interview employees to determine their health needs.

b. Decide on a health status goal for the program

69. All of the following are examples of biologic factors, except: a. Genetics b. Age c. Lifestyle d. Gender

c. Lifestyle

70. Which is NOT a common approach to developing a conceptual model? a. Fear-Based approach b. Determinants-Based approach c. Happiness-Based approach d. Theory-Based approach

c. Happiness-Based approach

71. “Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health” is the definition of what? a. Health Education b. Health promotion c. Public health d. Educational diagnosis e. Health program

a. Health Education

72. What are the 4 steps, in order, to develop a worksite health promotion program a. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis b. Epidemiological diagnosis, Educational diagnosis, Social diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis c. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, behavioral diagnosis, Instructive diagnosis d. Community diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational Diagnosis e. Community diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Instructive diagnosis

a. Social diagnosis, Epidemiological diagnosis, Behavioral diagnosis, Educational diagnosis

73. What is (are) methods for collecting data for needs assessment? a. Nominal group process b. Delphi method, c. Surveys and questionnaires d. Central location intercept e. All of the above

e. All of the above

74. Define “Incidence” a. Measures the frequency of existing disease in the total population b. The occurrence of new cases in an at risk population c. Rate of death attributed to the health condition d. Populations that are at greatest risk of dying from the health condition e. Years of life lost attributed to the health condition

b. The occurrence of new cases in an at risk population

75. What is NOT an important aspect for an education objective? a. Who is expected to change b. What is to be achieved by the end of the program/lesson c. How much of the condition is to be achieved? d. When is changed expected to occur? e. Where does the change take place?

e. Where does the change take place?

76. Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health is considered: a. Health Promotion b. Health Education c. Both A and B d. None of the Above

b. Health Education

77. Stage-matched, self-efficacy, decisional-balance, cognitive phases of change and behavior phases of change are all target examples of which conceptual model approach? a. Fear Based Approach b. Knowledge Based Approach c. Determinants Based Approach d. Theory Based Approach

d. Theory Based Approach

78. Which of the following are completed during the epidemiological diagnosis? a. Recruit a WHP Task Force and facilitate an initial meeting b. Identify and sort the risk factors for the priority health concern c. Validate the public health significance of the health issue facing the workplace d. Both A and B e. Both B and C

c. Validate the public health significance of the health issue facing the workplace

79. Which of the following depicts the proper progression of health program planning? a. Social Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Behavioral Dx → Educational Dx b. Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Social Dx → Educational Dx c. Social Dx → Educational Dx → Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx d. Epidemiological Dx → Educational Dx → Social Dx → Behavioral Dx e. Educational Dx → Behavioral Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Social Dx

a. Social Dx → Epidemiological Dx → Behavioral Dx → Educational Dx

80. The data collection process which utilizes a series of small group meetings to generate ideas from employees and ensures equal participation from employees with different levels of power is known as: a. Delphi Method b. Nominal Group Process c. Focus Groups d. Central Location Intercept e. Environmental Checklist

b. Nominal Group Process

81. What is the name of The Ohio State University’s health promotion program? a. Your Plan for Health b. Commit to be fit c. Move to Improve d. Step Up

a. Your Plan for Health

82. Which of these is/are considered risk factors? a. Depression b. Diabetes c. Smoker d. All of the above

d. All of the above

84. A __________ is a series of purposely sampled small groups (8-12) that meet for 1-1.5 hours to be asked a series of questions that pertain to a product a. Nominal group b. Delphi group c. Focus group d. None of the above

c. Focus group

85. Which step in the PRECEDE model conducts research to validate the importance of the priority health concern? a. Social Diagnosis b. Epidemiological Diagnosis c. Behavioral Diagnosis d. Educational Diagnosis

b. Epidemiological Diagnosis

86. Which of the following is NOT a business advantage of worksite health promotion? a. Decrease in absenteeism b. Increase in productivity c. Positive company image d. Decreased productivity e. Create business contacts

d. Decreased productivity

87. Which of the following are steps in the PRECEDE model? a. Educational Dx b. Psychological Dx c. Social Dx d. Both A and C e. All of the above

d. Both A and C

88. In terms of epidemiological data. How is incidence, defined as the occurrence of new cases, expressed as? a. Ratio rate b. Relative rate c. Relative ratio d. Incidence ratio e. Risk proportion

b. Relative rate

89. A health status goal should objectively define which 4 things? a. Who b. What c. How d. By e. All of the above

e. All of the above

90. What factor(s) are involved in the behavioral objective? a. Predisposing b. Enabling c. Motivational d. A and C e. A and B

e. A and B

91. Which of the following is not an example of a behavioral risk factor for developing heart disease? a. Smoking b. Family History c. Sedentary d. High fat diet

b. Family History

92. Which step of the PRECEDE model is intended to identify and analyze the social or economic problems and aspirations of the population or community which impact quality of life within the community? a. Epidemiological Diagnosis b. Social Diagnosis c. Behavioral Diagnosis d. Educational Diagnosis

b. Social Diagnosis

93. In order to judge the importance of an educational factor, one needs to examine all of the following EXCEPT: a. Necessity b. Immediacy c. Cost d. Prevalence

c. Cost

94. If 70% of college students believe that the withdrawal method is just as effective as condom use, this should be the topic of discussion in a sex education class. If only 10% believe this, it is not as important to discuss. This is based on what importance factor? a. Necessity b. Prevalence c. Immediacy d. None of the above

b. Prevalence

96. Any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health is known as what? a. Health promotion b. Health education c. The PRECEDE model d. Health behavior

b. Health education

97. Why should health promotion be encouraged at the workplace? a. There is a defined community b. There is access to a defined population and social support c. There are economic reasons for improving health and productivity d. All of the above

d. All of the above

98. Gloria is a 38-year old woman. She smokes and has a BMI of 31. Which determinants of health can Gloria modify in order to change her health status? a. Her age b. Her race c. Her habit of smoking d. None of the above

c. Her habit of smoking

99. In the educational diagnosis, which is NOT a consideration when establishing priorities in the specific targets of your intervention? a. Time b. Changeability c. Immediacy d. Necessity

a. Time

100. In what conceptual model are the following factors targeted to influence and change health behavior: health benefits, health risks, rational decisions, and physiology of the body? a. Knowledge-based Approach b. Determinant-based Approach c. Fear-based Approach d. Theory-based Approach

a. Knowledge-based Approach

101. How can you establish priority to choose your targets for an intervention? a. Susceptibility and severity b. Importance and changeability c. Knowledge and functionality d. Cost

b. Importance and changeability*

102. Rob is planning on spending spring break on the beaches of Florida. He wants to flaunt 6-pack abs and get all the attention. He started a 4-month workout program and this thought keeps him motivated. This is a/an _______ factor influencing his behavior. a. Predisposing b. Enabling c. Extrinsic Reinforcing d. Intrinsic Reinforcing

c. Extrinsic Reinforcing*

103. Which of the following is a good example of a health behavior goal? a. 70% of participants in the Heart Health Program will walk at a moderate pace starting September 20, 2013. b. By the end of 2-year Program GAS (Grandview Anti- Smoking Campaign), the number of respiratory infections diagnosed by a physician will decrease by 30% among workers at Nationwide Insurance c. Improve the cardiovascular health of female employees d. After one year of the intervention, 40% of the participants in the physical activity program will participate in 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on 5 or more days of the week

d. After one year of the intervention, 40% of the participants in the physical activity program will participate in 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on 5 or more days of the week

104. Risk ratio is to incidence as odds ratio is to _________ a. Prediction b. Prevalence c. Production d. Population

b. Prevalence*

``` 105. Rachel decides that in order to make her health program effective, she needs to drill her subjects with information about the risks, costs and negative social outcomes of obesity. She used a ______-based model. Fear a. Knowledge b. Theory c. Determinants ```

fear

106. In the first half of the 20th century, on what did the bulk for WHP efforts center? a. Recreation and Physical Fitness b. Nutrition c. Mental Health d. Spiritual Health e. All of the above

a. Recreation and Physical Fitness

107. When forming a WHP program, what is the first step in planning it in order for it to be successful? a. Examine the setting b. Form a Health Management Task Force c. Doing a Health Risk Appraisal d. Assess employees interests

b. Form a Health Management Task Force

108. When preparing employees to take action, many worksite health and fitness professionals have incorporated the stages of change model in their program efforts. Which of the following is NOT one of the stages? a. Precontemplation b. Preparation c. Maintenance d. Termination

d. Termination

109. According to the book, when developing a marketing strategy for a WHP program, which of the following is NOT considered one of “The Four Ps of Marketing”? a. Product b. Price c. Priority d. Placement

c. Priority

110. Which of the following injuries is most prevalent on-the-job, and the primary cause of absenteeism in many companies? a. Shoulder injury involving the rotator cuff b. Hand injury (metacarpal) c. Back d. Vision (eye)

c. Back

111. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for the health status goal? a. Perceived needs b. Measurable c. Quantifiable d. Realistic Achievability

a. Perceived needs

112. Antecedents to behavior that allow a motivation to be realized, and any skill or characteristic of the environment that facilitates a healthy action, are defined as: a. Predisposing factors b. Enabling factors c. Reinforcing factors d. Intrinsic rewards

b. Enabling factors

113. An example of a predisposing Behavioral Risk Factor Determinant is: a. Weight loss b. Peer support c. Positive attitude d. No gym access

c. Positive attitude

114. An example of a behavioral risk factor is: a. High Blood Pressure b. Obesity c. Smoking d. Diabetes

c. Smoking

115. When analyzing intervention articles, one should search for: a. The behavioral target b. Results of the intervention c. Intervention strategies d. All of the above

d. All of the above

``` 116. Which of the following in NOT a conceptual model? A) fear-based approach B) determinants-based approach C) knowledge-based approach D) behavior-based approach ```

D) behavior-based approach

``` 117. Factors that follow a behavior and provide the continuing reward or incentive for the persistence or repetition of the behavior refers to: A) Enabling Factors B) Predisposing Factors C) Reinforcing Factors D) None of the above ```

C) Reinforcing Factors

``` 118. Any planned combination educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health is known as: A) Health Education B) Health Promotion C) Community Health D) Recreational Health ```

B) Health Promotion

119. Which of the following is NOT necessary for goal criteria? a. Convenient b. Achievable c. Quantifiable d. Measureable

a. Convenient

120. What is the definition of public health? a. The organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury and disability. b. The term used to describe the common outcome of a variety of areas that utilize differing methods to enhance the health of the public. c. Any planned combination educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health d. Answers A & B e. All of the above

d. Answers A & B

121. All of these are parts of the PRECEDE model EXCEPT a. Behavioral Diagnosis b. Educational Diagnosis c. Research Diagnosis d. Social Diagnosis

c. Research Diagnosis

122. What is the correct order of steps taken in the social diagnosis? a. Get into the worksite, Conduct needs assessment, Recruit task force, Synthesize problems and resources b. Get into the worksite, Recruit task force, Conduct needs assessment, Synthesize problems and resources c. Conduct needs assessment, Synthesize problems and resources, Get into the worksite, Recruit task force d. Recruit task force, Get into the worksite, Conduct needs assessment, Synthesize problems and resources

b. Get into the worksite, Recruit task force, Conduct needs assessment, Synthesize problems and resources

123. Which of the options below correctly matches a goal criteria with its definition a. Compatible with stakeholders- They must value the outcome b. Sufficient intervention time- Favorable that the intervention will indeed result in the outcome of the goal c. Quantifiable- Must be able to physically track outcome values d. Measurable- Must be able to track progress using statistics e. Realistic achievability- Must be offered for enough time to realistically meet goal

a. Compatible with stakeholders- They must value the outcome

124. Antecedents to behavior that allow motivation to be realized are... a. Predisposing Factors b. Enabling Factors c. Reinforcing Factors d. Achievement Factors

b. Enabling Factors

125. Which of the following is not a PRECEDE model diagnosis? a. Behavioral Diagnosis b. Educational Diagnosis c. Physical Diagnosis d. Social Diagnosis

c. Physical Diagnosis

126. Which of the following is an example of a determinant of health? a. Biological Factors b. Behavioral Factors c. Environmental Factors d. All of the Above

d. All of the Above

127. What is defined as “any planned combination educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and the conditions of living conductive to health?” a. Health Promotion b. Health Purpose c. Health Education d. Public Health

a. Health Promotion

128. What type of program is designed to reduce the most common behavioral risk factors associated with disease, disability, and low productivity in the work place? a. Incentive Based Programs b. Risk Reduction Programs c. Population Based Programs d. None of the Above

b. Risk Reduction Programs

129. Which of the following is not a step of the educational diagnosis? a. Identify the Behavioral Determinates b. Develop a conceptual model c. Write educational objectives d. Collect state and national data

d. Collect state and national data

130. What are some of the specific requirements to enter the OSU Your Plan for Health Program? a. Systolic/ Diastolic BP b. Height/ weight c. Total Cholesterol d. Triglycerides e. All of the above

e. All of the above

131. What is Prevalence? a. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time AND expressed as a relative risk b. The rate of death attributed to health condition c. The measurement of the frequency of an existing disease AND expressed as an odds ratio d. It is the assumption that how a person behaves influences the probability contracting a disease

c. The measurement of the frequency of an existing disease AND expressed as an odds ratio

132. All of the following are the main factors that are the determinants of health, EXCEPT … a. Behavioral b. Biological c. Environmental d. Education

d. Education

133. All of the following are steps in the educational diagnosis, EXCEPT … a. Write educational objectives b. Identify the behavioral determinants c. Ignore priorities and randomly determine the order of the determinants d. Develop a conceptual model

c. Ignore priorities and randomly determine the order of the determinants

134. Any planned combination educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health is considered: a. Health Education b. Public Health c. Health Promotion d. Health diagnosis

c. Health Promotion

135. Which of the following is not a part of the PRECEDE model a. Environmental DX b. Social DX c. Educational DX d. Behavioral DX

a. Environmental DX

136. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time is the definition of: a. Prevalence b. Incidence c. Rate d. Ratio

b. Incidence

137. Which of the following is not a behavioral risk factor? a. Smoking b. Physical Inactivity c. Family History d. High Fat Diet

c. Family History

138. Which of the following is not one of the Levels of Intervention used in Worksite Health Promotion Programs? a. Educational Strategies b. Awareness Strategies c. Policy Change d. Health Attitude Strategies

d. Health Attitude Strategies

139. Which of the following is not a definition of Epidemiology? a. Epidemiology is the study of design, collection and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation of disease in populations. b. Epidemiology study’s how prevalent a health problem is on a local, state and national level. c. Epidemiology is the study of the causes determining and influencing the frequency of disease, injury, and health-related events in a human population. d. Epidemiology is the study of the economic cost to prevent diseases like lung cancer and obesity

d. Epidemiology is the study of the economic cost to prevent diseases like lung cancer and obesity

140. Most prevalent Modifiable risk factors include the following except? a. Inadequate exercise b. Inadequate sun protection c. High fat diets d. Allergies

d. Allergies (Correct)

141. I am the CEO of this company. Why should I go to all the trouble to promote my employees to be healthier? I pay them well to work for me. a. WHP will decrease health insurance costs and medical expenditures b. It is very popular to exercise. Your employees will love it. c. WHP will insure that your employees will never have chronic expensive illnesses. d. Your employees will like you more as their boss.

a. WHP will decrease health insurance costs and medical expenditures

142. Methods used for collecting data in the needs assessment include all of the following except? a. Nominal Group process b. Focus Groups c. Delphi Method d. Environmental Method

d. Environmental Method

143. Determinants of Health include all the following except? a. Genetics b. Race/Ethnicity c. Pollutants d. Intelligence

d. Intelligence

144. When conducting a needs assessment, it is important to identify employee health & behavioral status, barriers, and environmental resources. Which of the following is used to identify these factors? a. Survey b. Delphi Method, c. Central Location Intercept d. All the Above

d. All the Above

145. After collecting epidemiological data, it is important to summarize the data into an organized manner and present it in the second task force meeting. During the second task force meeting which of the following should happen? a. Present Synthesized data b. Facilitate Discussion c. Decide on a Health Status Goal d. All the Above

d. All the Above

146. The PRECEDE model consists of an educational, behavioral, epidemiological, and social diagnosis. Which provides an understanding of the worksite environment? a. Educational b. Behavioral c. Epidemiological d. Social

d. Social

147. The first two steps of the social diagnosis are to get into the worksite and recruit a health promotion task force. The task force group should include? a. A representative from every department of the worksite b. Certain employees at the worksite c. Management only d. None of the above

A representative from every department of the worksite

148. Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors all affect the behavioral objective. Which of the following affects the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors? a. Intervention b. Educational Objectives c. Health status goal d. A & B

d. A & B

150. Which validates the importance of health issues targeted by an intervention: a. Social Dx b. Epidemiological Dx c. Behavioral Dx d. Educational Dx

b. Epidemiological Dx

151. An educational Dx uses surveys of the target populations to establish: a. whether the behavior can be changed b. whether the determinants of behavior can be changed c. both a and b are correct d. neither a nor b are correct e. comes from literature

d. neither a nor b are correct

149. The PRECEDE model is used in planning: a. which worksite to implement an intervention b. how to budget for an intervention c. a natural progression in planning your health promotion d. only which articles are relevant to a smoking cessation program

c. a natural progression in planning your health promotion

152. To sell a program or the value of a program to a company, you need to provide: a. evidence that the program can be of value to them b. the start up funds for the intervention c. only the identification that a problem exists in the worksite d. examples of WHP programs that have failed

a. evidence that the program can be of value to them

153. Which is NOT a step in developing your Social diagnosis: a. recruit a health promotion team b. conduct a needs assessment c. budget for the worksite health promotion program d. synthesize problem and resources identified through the needs assessment

c. budget for the worksite health promotion program

154. Smokers incur $3,400 more per year in _____________ than non-smokers. a. Medical expenses b. Lost productivity c. 3 more sick days per year d. All of the above

d. All of the above

155. What is any combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health? a. Health Promotion b. Health Education c. Social Diagnosis d. Conceptual Model

b. Health Education

156. Which of the following is a method of data collection? a. Delphi Method b. Nominal Group Process c. Environmental Checklist d. All of the above

d. All of the above

157. Which of the following are steps in the Educational Diagnosis? a. Develop a Conceptual Model b. Write Educational Objectives c. Both A and B are correct d. Conduct a corporate Needs Assessment

c. Both A and B are correct

158. The ¬¬___________ provides a comprehensive understanding of the situation within the worksite at the start of the program. a. Social Diagnosis b. Epidemiological Diagnosis c. Behavioral Diagnosis d. Educational Diagnosis

a. Social Diagnosis

159. Ohio State's faculty health promotion plan is called ________. a. ) Healthy Buckeyes b. ) Your Plan For health c. ) The OSU difference d. ) But for Ohio State

b.) Your Plan For health

160. Which of the following is NOT a definition of health? a. ) The absence of disease b. ) A positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities c. ) A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity d. ) The organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury, and disability.

d.) The organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury, and disability.

161. Which of the following is NOT an antecedent to behavior? a. ) Predisposing Factors b. ) Reinforcing Factors c. ) Genetic Factors d. ) Enabling Factors

c.) Genetic Factors

162. Incidence is __________. a. ) measurements of the frequency of existing disease b. ) the degree of disability attributed to the health problem c. ) the occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time d. ) the economic burden associated with the health problem

c.) the occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time

163. Who should be included in the Health Promotion Task Force? a. ) Management b. ) Employees c. ) A representative from every department or job classification d. ) All of the above

d.) All of the above

164. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of conducting health promotion within the workplace? a. Defined community b. Economic motivation for improving health and productivity c. Coercion d. Access to defined populations and social support

c. Coercion

165. What are the four components for intervention plans? a. Operations, contact, planning, theory b. Objectives, behavior, health, time c. Operations, behavior, planning, theory d. Objectives, content, process, time

d. Objectives, content, process, time

166. What element is NOT considered in evaluating the importance of an educational factor? a. Enabling b. Immediacy c. Necessity d. Prevalence

a. Enabling

167. What is a behavioral determinant? a. How widespread a factor is or exposure within a community b. A factor that requires change to initiate and sustain the process of changing lifestyle behaviors c. Factors that follow a behavior and provide continuing incentive for the persistence of the behavior

b. A factor that requires change to initiate and sustain the process of changing lifestyle behaviors

168. Which of the following is an example of a supportive environment intervention? a. No smoking policy at worksite b. Available exercise facilities at the worksite c. Physical inactivity interventions d. Educational materials about cardiovascular disease risk

b. Available exercise facilities at the worksite

169. OSU’s incentive driven Worksite Health Program is called? a. Buckeye Wellness b. Your Plan for Health c. Hit the Road with the Buckeyes d. Buckeyes Exercising for Tomorrow

Your Plan for Health

170. ____ any planned combination of educational, organizational and political supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health. a. Health Promotion b. Health Education c. Physical Activity d. None of the above

Health Promotion

171. Public health is the organized response by _____ to _____ and _____ health and to ____ illness, injury and disability. a. US Government, protect, promote and prevent b. Society, protect, promote and prevent c. Society, protect, promote and permit d. Society, protect, discourage and permit

b. Society, protect, promote and prevent

172. ____ Measures the frequency of existing disease a. Incidence b. Immediacy c. Prevalence d. Mortality

c. Prevalence

173. These factors are used to create Behavior Objectives? a. Predisposing b. Enabling c. Reinforcing d. All the above

d. All the above

174. Why do you perform a Social Diagnosis? a. It provides you with data on the workplace after the intervention b. It can provide you with information to change the intervention in the middle of implementing it c. So you can tell the community what needs to be changed in order to be healthy d. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the situation within the workplace at the start of the program

d. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the situation within the workplace at the start of the program

175. When would you perform an Epidemiological Diagnosis? a. After the Social Diagnosis b. After the intervention is implemented c. Before talking to the workplace and obtaining the Social Diagnosis d. You do not perform an Epidemiological Diagnosis

a. After the Social Diagnosis

176. What is the purpose of the Behavioral Diagnosis? a. To get a sense of your workplace and what their needs are b. To design a health status goal c. To identify the behavioral target of the workplace health promotion plan d. You do not perform a behavioral diagnosis in the PRECEDE model

c. To identify the behavioral target of the workplace health promotion plan

177. What approach can you take in the behavioral diagnosis? a. Treatment b. Prevention c. Medical d. Both A & B

d. Both A & B

178. What are the determinants of behavior identified in the Educational Diagnosis? a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing b. Predisposing, changing, reinforcing c. Changing, interventions, reinforcement d. Predisposing, interventions, reinforcement

a. Predisposing, enabling, reinforcing

179. Cost : Benefit analysis will… a. show the company that they will end up saving money b. include how much the company is currently spending on the priority health concern c. compare the cost of the program to the benefits of the program d. All of the above

d. All of the above

180. What does a budget include? a. Marketing b. Incentives cost c. Program resources d. Expected revenue produced from the program, if any e. All of the above

e. All of the above

181. What is the average number of hours worked per year? a. About 4,000 hours b. About 200 hours c. About 2,000 hours d. About 1,000 hours

c. About 2,000 hours

182. Budget rationalization is used to convince the company that… a. the money will be well spent b. the money is needed c. the reasoning is justified d. All of the above

d. All of the above

183. Which of the following is usually the excepted amount of participants in focus groups? a. 30-50 b. 1-4 c. 8-12 d. 20-25

c. 8-12

184. Which of the following are acceptable focus group members for a physical activity health promotion? a. A group of highly active employees b. A group of non-active employees c. A group of employees who are moderately active d. A mix of non-active, moderately active, highly active employees.

d. A mix of non-active, moderately active, highly active employees.

185. Which of the following is not a reason companies search for a worksite health promotion plan? a. To give the employees something to do b. To increase employee productivity c. To decrease overall insurance costs d. To help keep employees from missing time due to health issues.

a. To give the employees something to do

186. Which of the following is not one of the four common approaches to developing a conceptual model? a. Fear Based b. Power Based c. Theory Based d. Knowledge Based

b. Power Based

187. Level 1 awareness strategy interventions strive to __________ the public about particular public health issues, concerns, and/or solutions. a. Inform b. Worry c. Scold d. Empower

a. Inform

188. What are the four P’s of marketing? a. Product, Price, Placement and Promotion b. Product, Price, Placement and Prevalence c. Price, Placement, Prevalence and Probability d. Product, Probability, Promotion and Price

a. Product, Price, Placement and Promotion

189. In what order are the diagnoses conducted in the PRECEDE model? a. Educational, Behavioral, Epidemiological, Social b. Social, Epidemiological, Educational, Behavioral c. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational d. Educational, Behavioral, Social, Epidemiological

c. Social, Epidemiological, Behavioral, Educational

190. Which group of people will participate in the program almost regardless of quality? a. Conditionals b. Resisters c. Interested d. Diehards

d. Diehards

191. Time management, social support, incentives, enjoyment and behavioral skills are a hallmark which conceptual model? a. Fear-based b. Determinants-based c. Knowledge-based d. Theory-based

b. Determinants-based

192. Which of the following is a complete health-status goal? a. Participants will get healthier b. Participants will reduce blood pressure by June 1, 2014 c. 90 percent of participants will increase physical activity by 1 day per week at the conclusion of the 90-day intervention. d. The average BMI of participants will decrease from 31 to 29 at the end of the 1-year follow-up period following the intervention.

d. The average BMI of participants will decrease from 31 to 29 at the end of the 1-year follow-up period following the intervention.

193. Which of the following is NOT a determinant in the importance of a factor? a. necessity b. prevalence c. measurable d. immediacy

c. measurable

194. What is a SOCIAL FACTOR of the determinants of health? a. genetics b. gender c. SES d. radiation

c. SES

195. Which of the following is NOT a step in the Educational Diagnosis? a. Identify the behavioral determinants b. Establish priorities among determinants c. Develop a Conceptual Model d. Write Educational Objectives e. All of them are correct

e. All of them are correct

196. Which is a THEORY BASED approach for a Conceptual Model? a. health benefits b. self-efficacy c. benefits of behavior d. health risks

b. self-efficacy

197. Which is NOT one of the four P's of the Market Mix? a. product b. participation c. placement d. price e. promotion

b. participation

198. What is the first phase for program planning? a. Behavioral Diagnosis b. Identifying Risk Factors c. Social Diagnosis d. Find Common Ground

c. Social Diagnosis

199. What is not an attribute of a good article? a. Clearly outlines the behavioral target b. Conducted before 1995 c. Clearly outlines educational and environmental targets d. Clearly outlines intervention strategies

b. Conducted before 1995

200. What is not a predisposing factor for behavior change? a. Psychological Factors b. Social Factors c. Biological Factors d. Pet Factors

d. Pet Factors

201. All are questions answered by the needs assessment except: a. The health and behavioral issues impacting the workforce b. Exactly how well the programs efficiency will be at the conclusion of intervention c. Which programs could potentially provide the most savings d. What barriers do you have to get around for program planning

b. Exactly how well the programs efficiency will be at the conclusion of intervention

202. Criteria of good goals consist of all the following except: a. Selfish for personal motives of heads of companies b. Compatible with stakeholder’s personal health and values c. Quantifiable d. Measurable

a. Selfish for personal motives of heads of companies

203. Which is not a benefit of health promotion? a. improves quality of life b. decreases the prevalence of disease and disability c. decreases health insurance costs d. none of the above

d. none of the above

205. ______________ is the occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified time period a. incidence b. prevalence c. mortality d. morbidity

a. incidence

206. What are the determinants of health? a. genetics, gender, and age b. pollutants and radiation c. lifestyle d. All of the above

d. All of the above

207. Any combination of learning experiences designated to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conductive to health is explaining a. health promotion b. health education c. health learning d. health behaviors

b. health education

208. What measures the frequency of existing disease? a. prevalence b. incidence c. relative risk d. morbidity

a. prevalence

209. When making a goal for the worksite it should be a. quanitifable b. achievable c. in line with the participant’s health values and goals d. all of the above

d. all of the above

210. The behavioral analysis shows a. data to validate behavioral priorities b. changes in the health status c. the association between the health concern and the behavioral risk factor d. d) the impact the behavior has on the national and state population

c. the association between the health concern and the behavioral risk factor

211. What is the name of the faculty/staff incentive-based health promotion plan? a. OSU Health b. My Plan For Health c. Buckeye Health d. Healthy living

b. My Plan For Health

212. Which of the following is not a step in the Educational Diagnosis? a.   Identify the behavioral determinants b.   Identify the health determinants c.   Develop a Conceptual Model d.   Write Educational Objectives

b.   Identify the health determinants

213. What is the definition of prevalence? a. Amount of diseases known to society b. The total number of cases of a disease in a given population at a specific time. c. Total number of cases since disease was found d. Total number of people who do not have a specific disease

b. The total number of cases of a disease in a given population at a specific time.

214. Health is defined as: a. A resource for everyday life b. The absence of disease c. A positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities d. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being e. All of the above

e. All of the above

215. The frequency of an existing disease is the: a. Incidence b. Prevalence c. Relative Risk d. Morbidity

b. Prevalence

216. The occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time is a. A rate b. Incidence c. Prevalence d. Risk Factor e. Both A and B

e. Both A and B

217. Genetics, Gender, and Age are types of: a. Biologic Determinants of Health b. Environmental Determinants of Health c. Social Determinants of Health d. Behavioral Determinants of Health

a. Biologic Determinants of Health

218. All of the following are examples of behavioral risk factors of disease Except: a. Smoking b. Diabetes c. Sedentary lifestyle d. High Fat Diet

b. Diabetes

219. What is the correct order in which the PRECEDE model performed when planning an workplace intervention program? a. Behavioral Dx , Epidemiological Dx, Social Dx, Educational Dx b. Educational Dx, Behavioral Dx, Epidemiological Dx, Social Dx c. Social Dx, Epidemiological Dx, Educational Dx, Behavioral Dx d. Behavioral Dx, epidemiological Dx, Educational Dx, Social Dx

b. Educational Dx, Behavioral Dx, Epidemiological Dx, Social Dx

220. Why is a needs assessment conducted during the Social Diagnosis of the PRECEDE Model? a. Evaluate employee health and behavioral status b. Evaluate employee values and perceived health needs c. Evaluate existing resources within the worksite that would support the development of a WHP program d. All of the Above

d. All of the Above

221. During the Epidemiological Diagnosis of a WHP program, the programmers measure the amount of new cases of heart disease developed by smokers in the company over the past year. The programmers specifically measuring what? a. Incidence b. Prevalence c. Relative Risk d. Mortality

a. Incidence

222. Which of the following is not an example of a behavioral risk factor? a. Smoking b. High fat diet c. Sedentary lifestyle d. Socioeconomic status

d. Socioeconomic status

223. Three types of determinants are considered when creating a behavioral objective, which is not a determinant used? a. Predisposing factors b. Enabling factors c. Educational factors d. Reinforcing factors

c. Educational factors

``` 224. What percent of all employers in the U.S. are represented by small firms? A) 92% B) 95% C) 97% D) 99% ```

D) 99%

``` 225. The rate of death attributed to a health condition is? A) prevalence B) odds ratio C) relative risk D) mortality ```

D) mortality

``` 226. Which is not a behavioral objective factor? A) common factors B) predisposing factors C) enabling factors D) reinforcing factors ```

A) common factors

``` 227. Self efficacy is? A) identifying and overcoming barriers to physical activity B) setting short and long term goals C) using a physical activity log D) A & B ```

) A & B

``` 228. Smokers incur how much more cost in health insurance per year than non-smokers? A) 3,000 B) 3,400 C) 4,100 D) 4,700 ```

3,400

``` 229. Compared to non-smokers, smokers incur more that $________ in medical expenses, lost productivity, and 3 more sick days per year. a 3,400 b. 200 c. 5 million d. 1200 ```

: 3,400a

230. Health education is a combination of ________ __________ designed to predispose, enable and reinforce voluntary adaptations in behavior conducive to health. a: learning experiences b. educational lessons c. job experiences d. health determinants

learning experiences

231. What is the occurrence of new cases that develop in an at-risk population over a specified period of time? a. Incidence b. Prevalence c. Relative Risk d. Importance

Incidence

232. Which of the following is a biological determinant of health? a. could be any of these: genetics, gender, or age b. race c. pollutants d. lifetstyle

could be any of these: genetics, gender, or age

233. The Huntington national bank, corporate head quarters in New Orleans is offering $50 gift cards to Dick Sporting Goods if they attend regular exercise classes on site and maintain participation in the classes for 1 year. The gift cards to Dick Sporting Goods represent… a. An opportunity to buy new shoes b. A Predisposing Factor c. A Reinforcing factor d. A Behavioral goal factor

c. A Reinforcing factor

234. A new program at a local elementary school is implementing required standardized exercise classes for all overweight or obese students. When programming the exercise classes, in order for the students to lose weight, the director must make sure the frequency, intensity, type, and time of exercise will be ________________ to see changes in the students’ weight. a. Hard enough b. Sufficient enough c. Diverse and unacceptable enough d. Deficient enough

b. Sufficient enough

235. The Delphi method, A Nominal Group Process, and A Person Health Assessment questionnaire are all valid examples of… a. Types of Data Collection b. Behavioral Objectives c. Type of Data Analysis d. Educational methods

a. Types of Data Collection

236. A Proper intervention Plan Lesson MUST include all the following EXCEPT… a. An Educational Objective b. Content c. A Process based on Time d. Professional speakers

d. Professional speakers

237. Prevalence is defined as… a. the occurrence of a disease b. the frequency of an existing disease c. the rate of death attributed to the health condition d. Medical expenditures associated with the health problem

b. the frequency of an existing disease

238. Which of the following is NOT a step in the development of Worksite Health Promotion programs model? a. Social Diagnosis b. Environmental Diagnosis c. Educational Diagnosis d. Behavioral Diagnosis

b. Environmental Diagnosis

239. When writing the Behavioral Objective, which of the following is NOT a focus? a. How much behavior change should be achieved b. Who will receive the program c. Where the program will take place d. What behavioral benefits they should receive

c. Where the program will take place

240. Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reinforcing factor? a. Peer Influences b. Decreased Cost c. Social Recognition d. Decreased Risk

d. Decreased Risk

241. Which indicator is an example of organizational health? a. Injuries b. Flexibility c. Body Weight d. Blood Pressure

a. Injuries

242. Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor? a. Gender b. Time c. Knowledge d. Motivation

b. Time

243. What is public health? a. The organized response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury, and disability. b. Any planned combination of educational, political, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health. c. The term used to describe the common outcome of a variety of areas that utilize differing methods to enhance the health of the public. d. A. and C.

d. A. and C.

244. Which of the following risk factors has the highest annual cost? a. Diabetes b. Overweight c. Depression d. Current Smoker

c. Depression

245. Factors that require change to initiate and sustain the process of changing lifestyle behaviors are known as: a. Behavioral determinants b. Educational objectives c. Conceptual models d. Perceived health needs

a. Behavioral determinants

246. There are 5 different levels of intervention that can be incorporated into worksite health promotion programs. Which of these is not one of the 5 levels. a. Awareness Strategies b. Policy Change c. Population-Based Programs d. Behavioral Information Analysis

d. Behavioral Information Analysis

247. Which of the following is not one of the 4 common approaches to developing a conceptual model? a. Fear-Based Approach b. Needs Assessment Analysis Approach c. Knowledge-Based Approach d. Theory-Based Approach

b. Needs Assessment Analysis Approach