final Flashcards
-Different participants are observed onetime in each group or at each level of a factor
between-subjects design
Levels of a between-subjectsfactor are manipulated, then different participants are randomlyassigned to each group or to each level of that factor and observedone time
between-subjects experimental design
Type of factor in which different participants areobserved in each group or at each level of the factor
between subjects factor
A statistical procedure used to test hypotheses concerning thedifference between two population means, where the variance in oneor both populations is unknown.
* Making comparisons between two independent groups
two independent sample t test
refers to the selection of participants such that different participants areobserved one time in each sample or group
independent samples
categorical variable (school) with two levels(Towson and JMU)
IV
continuous variable (IQ)
DV
The inferential statistic you use to look at ___between groups is the independentsamples t-test
mean differences
assume data in each population are normally distributed
normality
assume that the data were obtained using a randomsampling procedure
random sampling
each measured outcome is independent; one outcome isnot influenced by any other
independence
assume variance in each population is equal to each other. This is satisfied when larger variance is not greater than two times that of the smaller
equal variances (homogeneity of variances)
how to determine homogeneity v hetero. of variance?
levene’s test
if we reject null, SPSS reports t-test that does not assume…
equal variance
The null states that there is no difference and the alternative states that the difference is different than ___
0
Remember that we will only really report an effect size IF we ___
reject the null
place the difference between two sample means in the numerator and the pooled sample standard deviation in the denominator
estimated cohen’s d
results of t-test
- The value for the test statistic
- Degrees of freedom
- p value
Cohen’s d is most often reported with ___tests
t
participants in each group or sampleare related
related or dependent sample
they are observed in more than one group
repeated measures
They are matched, experimentally or naturally, based on the common characteristics or traits that they share
matched pairs design
repeated measures design
- A research design in which the same participants are observed in each sample.
- This is the most common related samples design
type of repeated measures design in which researchers measure a dependent variable for participants before (pre) and following(post) some treatment
pre-post design