Final Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

In professional sports, the commissioner has discretionary power in all of the following except

A

Resolution of disputes over players compensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following is a false statement regarding NCAA member conferences and their institutions and abide by that rule

A

NCAA member conferences are allowed to set conference rules that can be less restrictive than an NCAA rule as long as the conference makes sure the member institutions abide by the rule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What area of law has left an indelible mark on the structure and nature of labor relations in professional sport leagues?

A

Anti-trust Law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

As financial circumstances for schools and leagues become more strained these job areas are being asked to perform more fundraising activities

A

coaches and administrators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This term describes a see of rules, ideas, or plans agreed upon management or a governing body of a sport organization

A

Policy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, IN can be described as what type of facility?

A

Multipurpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

For which player did a trip to ESPN during an official visit become a “secondary violation” for UCONN?

A

Maya Moore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Two of the earlier phrases used in the development of management theory are:

A

scientific management and human relations movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___ is defined in this course as a management theory focusing on the behavior and motivations of people in the workplace

A

human relations movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

____ is continuos process that involves establishing organizational mission statements, goals, objectives, tactics, roles, and evaluation

A

planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the manager determines what types of jobs need to be performed and who will be responsible for doing these jobs during the __ function

A

organizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the underrepresentation of women, minorities, and people with disabilities in the sport industry is an important issue for sport managers who value ___ in the workplace

A

diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which of the following is NOT a common element used to define management

A

values, policy, and strategy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Keeping the financial scope of the sports industry in mind, it is important to note that sport managers need to able to organize and work with _____, the most important asset in their organization

A

people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Identifying subgroups of the overall marketplace based on factors such as age or income level is considered:

A

segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

according to jotler (2003), the marketer’s job boils down to one action

A

creating demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the purpose of sport marketing research incluse all of the following except:

A

allowing fans to direct input into team personnel decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

behaviors and preferences like an individuals beliefs, opinions, lifestyles, and habits are considered by marketers to be:

A

psychographic characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the first company to capitalize on the term official with regard to a professional sports product was:

A

spalding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the earliest evolutionary change in sports broadcasting from factual reporting to sports entertainment was seen within:

A

ABC’s Monday Night Football broadcast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The group of consumers to whom a product is marketed is the:

A

target market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the controllable variables the company puts together to satisfy a target group are referred to as the:

A

marketing mix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the concept of ___ is probably the best single measure of an industry’s impact

A

value added

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

all of the following are examples: of publicly traded sport companies EXCEPT:

A

University of Notre Dame athletic department

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

All of the following are examples of “financial” mechanisms for altering competitive balance EXCEPT:

A

Reverse-order draft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

As chronicled in the Moneyball, the strategy employed by the small-market Oakland A’s general manager Billy Beane to better complete with large-market teams by identifying and acquiring undervalued players is an example of an organization maximizing its _____

A

return on investment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

____ is/are anything that an organization owns that can be used to generate future revenues

A

assets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

SportsBusiness Journal estimates that total spending across the entire sports industry amounted to approximately ____ in 2006

A

$214 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Nealon & Grioux call this “in shortage” and “theory’s opposite”

A

actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

this term applies to “the list of accepted ‘great’ works that are deemed worthy of continued scholarly attention”

A

canonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

your authors paraphrase Gilles Deleuze by saying they want theory to be the ____ of questions and concepts to be built and deployed

A

toolbox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what effect on authorship was brought on by the scientific method

A

author no longer functioned as a guarantee of truthfulness in scientific texts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the gang of four song “why theory?” factors throughout the opening chapter of the Nealon & Searls Giroux. According to the early 80’s british punk band, what does “what we think” do?

A

changes how we act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Without considering reflexive or critical questions of theory, your authors argue, that “each day seems like a natural fact.” This creates a situation where everything is then _______.

A

Self-evident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Nealon and Searls Giroux argue that although fairly arbitrary - the relation between the word and it’s meaning is _____ or _____.

A

Historical; social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Which of the following is not entirely in the control of the author?

A

meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Theory rule #1 for Nealon & Searls is “Everything is _______.”

A

suspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Under the new organizational structure of the NCAA which took effect in August 1997, which NCAA membership division possesses the most amount of “power” based on Executive Committee membership composition and voting power.

A

Division I-A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it is not illegal to discriminate based on religion, gender, or national origin if the classification is

A

a bonafide occupational qualification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The difference between the economic impact upon a municipality by a convention center as opposed to a stadium or arena built for housing sporting events is

A

the increased presence of visitor spending within a municipality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

According to Stotlar and Cooper (2015), the number of sport facilities constructed or renovated in in the last 10 to 15 years has:

A

Increased dramatically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

After the NCAA began sponsoring championships for women, what was the net effect on coaches who are women over the next decade?

A

declined by 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What sport features even prize money in the majors for women and men’s competition

A

tennis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The Women’s World Cup final in The Rose Bowl featured a US penalty-kick victory over China. What was the attendance in Pasadena?

A

92,000

45
Q

This longtime head coach of the women’s basketball team at Tennessee turned down three offers to take over the men’s program at the university.

A

Pat Summit

46
Q

Winning 72 events and 10 majors between between 1991 and 2008, who do some believe to be the greatest women’s golfer of all time?

A

Annika Sorenstam

47
Q

Billy Jean King went on to co-found this league, where she was the first woman to serve as commissioner in an American sport.

A

Women’s Tennis Association

48
Q

An example of a collective bargaining agreement is:

A

The contract between the players and the owners in professional sport

49
Q

Innovation in football by formation has made this role more central in football than only other team sport popular in America.

A

coach

50
Q

The platoon system in football - which developed with unlimited substitution in the 1940s - reflects what element of post-industrial revolution societies?

A

specialization

51
Q

Mandelbaum argues that the precise measurement, uniform palying surface and concentration of people needed to play football makes its’ setting distinctly ______.

A

urban

52
Q

What football strategy takes its name from the German tactic in World War II that translates to “lightning war”

A

the blitz

53
Q

College football games became popular shortly after they started as student-lead affairs after _____ became very interested in the results and making sure their school won.

A

alumni

54
Q

Letterman jackets and war medals are both _______ according to Mandelbaum.

A

symbolic rewards

55
Q

The oldest rivalry in college began in 1875. What two schools are involved?

A

harvard & yale

56
Q

Because injuries are common in war and football, coaches and generals have to find ways to _______ .

A

overcome natural inhibitions of players from taking part in the activity

57
Q

Which of these is not evidence of football being the sport of the machine age?

A

The violent nature of the game

58
Q

While the Rose Bowl game began in 1902, several other traditional big bowl games (including the Sugar, Orange and Cotton Bowls) began in what decade as a way to draw holiday visitors to warmer southern climates?

A

1930’s

59
Q

Football being the first team sport to adopt instant replay is an argument for the positive role of this in the sport?

A

technical innovation

60
Q

Mandelbaum considers this element - absent from baseball - a participant in football

A

the clock

61
Q

Mandelbaum argues basketball is a “generic game” because of a lack of what two things compared to other games with netted goals?

A

equipment and a goaltender

62
Q

Which Catholic school rose to basketball prominence in the 1980s with an African-American coach and several inner-city players, but played a tenacious style of defense and team play as opposed to the “playground” style of basketball mentioned by Mandelbaum?

A

georgetown

63
Q

This player - who played collegiately at DePaul and then professionally for the Minneapolis Lakers - is credited for transitioning college popularity to his time as a pro. Mandelbaum compared him to what Red Grange had done for football two decades earlier.

A

george mikan

64
Q

Two dynasties existed in basketball in the Sixties. This was the pro-level dynasty with 11 titles in 13 years between 1957-1969.

A

celtics coached by Red Auerbach

65
Q

Two dynasties existed in basketball in the Sixties. This was the college-level dynasty with ten titles in 12 years between 1964-1975.

A

UCLA coached by John Wooden

66
Q

What element of the sport of basketball does Mandelbaum argue limits the role of the coach in basketball as opposed to football?

A

it is a continuos game

67
Q

Mandelbaum suggests football has this Achilles heel

A

Violence

68
Q

Mandelbaum cites a change in this media function as a continuing challenge for sport in the 21st century.

A

New expansions beyond the field

69
Q

Structural Issues in Sport-

A

-Access
-Development
-Distribution of Attention
-Interplay of Constructions

70
Q

Psychology & Sport

A

-Performance Coaching
-Associative Need
-Deviant Behavior

71
Q

Theory - Rule #1

A

Everything is suspect.
-All perceptions are based on previous experience

72
Q

Management means:

A

Meeting goals or objectives to be achieved, within limited resources, with and through people

73
Q

Management theory evolved through two phases

A

-scientific management
-Human Relations Movement

74
Q

Taylorism

A

-Workers should not be soing the same job different ways, but instead in the “one best way” (most efficient way)

-Manager can get workers to perform job the “best way” by enticing them with economic rewards

75
Q

Hawthorne studies:

A

Social factors in the workplace were important, and job satisfaction and output were depended more on cooperation and a feeling of worth.

76
Q

Mary Parker Follet

A

Effective, motivational management existed in partnership and cooperation

77
Q

College that generated the greatest revenue in 2008

A

Alabama $123.8m

78
Q

Governane

A

The exercise of power and authority
in sport organizations, including
policy making, to determine
organizational mission, membership,
eligibility and regulatory power,
within the organization’s appropriate
local, national, or international
scope
ex: USA Basketball, International Olympics Committee

79
Q

Agent’s fiduciary duties

A
  1. To obey
  2. To remain loyal
  3. To excercise reasonable care
  4. To notify
  5. To account (for info and finances on a reasonable basis)
80
Q

Elements of a contract

A

Agreement
Consideration
Contractual Capacity
Lawful Object

81
Q

Contract Law elements

A

-Offer and acceptance (mutual consent)
-Consideration (value)
-Capaciy
-Legality (subject matter legal and not against public policy)

82
Q

Court will intervene if athletic org:

A

-Violates its own rule
-Violates a statute
-Violates public policy
-Violates constitutional law and it’s a state actor
-Acts arbitrarily or in a capricious manner
-Exceeds the scope of its authority

83
Q

Sport event management

A

All functions related to the planning,
implementation, and evaluation of a
sport event

84
Q

sport event management requires

A

Finance/budgeting, risk
management, tournament
operations, registration, volunteer
management, and event marketing

85
Q

Full service agencies

A

performs the complete set of agency functions

86
Q

specialized agencies

A

limit either the scope of services performed or the type of clients serviced

87
Q

in house agencies

A

are formations of separate departments or divisions dealing with event management

88
Q

vertical integration also

A

raises a significant ethical dilemma: There is no other organization or entity in place to ensure the ethical operations of an event

89
Q

beliefs

A

-not fact driven, but arguments for the way things should be
-often “the triumph of hope over experience”

90
Q

myths and stories

A

-In support (or even instead) of lived experiences, myths and stories provide evidence for beliefs
-resulting perceptions that lead to actions are the main concern of the study

91
Q

EX. of myths and stories

A

-Babe Ruth “calling” his shot
-‘72 Olympics Men’s Basketball
-“Immaculate Reception”
-“Hand of God” Maradonna in ‘86 WC
-Tiger’s chip in at Augusta

92
Q

sacred texts:

A

-“The Shot Heard ‘Round The World”
-“Do You Believe in Miracles?”
-Moneyball

93
Q

rituals

A

-Religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order

94
Q

ethics

A

the golden rule

95
Q

spectator sports similarity to religon has several implications to be considered

A

-Commercial nature vs spirituality
-Role of competition vs shared experience
-Community building vs measuring
-Marxist critique of “opiod effect”

96
Q

most sport orgs are:

A

-White-dominated
-White-identified
-White-centered

success by ethnic minorities requires living to standards set by whites and acting in ways that whites define as appropriate

97
Q

stacking

A

The use of athletes from underrepresented minority groups in particular positions
-Maximixe teams chances to win
-Minimize individual attention to that athlete

Often based on prejudice of capacity
-Black QBs were limited by argument

98
Q

sports participation and temporal pattern

A

-Football = Sequential + Collective
-Basketball = Continuous + Collective
-Baseball = Sequential + Individual

99
Q

basketball issues at all levels

A

-Integrity of the competition
-Gender
-Race
-SES elevation of myths
-Labor relations
-Safety concerns
-Off field deviance

100
Q

major keys from basketball slides:

A

-Basketball is a true modern sport
-Basketball has elements of gender equity unseen in others
-Basketball can be influenced by individuals and the NCAA garners most of its revenue from the D-1 Men’s tournament

101
Q

Andrei Markovits

A

-Political scientist at U. of Michigan
-Theorist in Central European politics
-Writes about sport culture and animal culture

102
Q

gender ideology

A

Interrelated ideas and beliefs widely used to define masculinity and femininity
-Identify people as male or female
-Evaluate forms of sexual expression
-Organize social relationships

103
Q

orthodox gender ideology

A

-Ideas and beliefs associated with this two-sex approach
-“Orthodox” represents a traditional way of thinking
-People internalized this as unchanging truth
-Linked to their religious beliefs
-Works against change

104
Q

definition from Coakley- Race:

A

a population of people who are believed to be naturally or biologically distinct from other populations
-Meanings are given to particular physical traits

105
Q

definition from Coakley- Ethnicity

A

a cultural heritage that people use to identify a particular population
-Share a way of life, a collective history, and a sense of themselves as people

106
Q

Heroes represent individual groups

A

-Ali - militant blacks
-Billie Jean King - militant women
-Vince Lombardi - militant traditionalist
-Joe Namath - quest for personal liberation
-Marketing targered at individual audiences

107
Q

apparent importance of self to the detriment of others:

A

-Immediate gratification - sacrifice
-Personal aggrandizement - teamwork
-Self indulgence - virtue
-Escaped reserve clause - lost loyalty to fans

108
Q

Title IX

A

“No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.”

109
Q

Resistance of Title IX

A

-NCAA lobbied against enforcement
—-1992 males outnumber females 2/1 in D1 athletics
-1998 Civil Rights Restortion Act
-1993 Office of Civil Rights outlines proportionality