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Roman Art > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Apotheosis

A

the elevation of a deceased emperor to divine honours.

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2
Q

Decursio

A

Counter clockwise calvary procession at the death of an emperor

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3
Q

Crucifixion (Latin Cross)

A

Cross axis symbolizes the crucifixion of Christ

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4
Q

Eucharist

A

Ceremony where believer eats bread and drinks wine as a means of connecting themselves to Christ (body & blood)

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5
Q

Temptation

A

Adam and Eve were the first man and woman on Earth and were created by God. While they lived in the Garden of Eden for a time, they ate the forbidden fruit from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil and were forced to leave.

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6
Q

Typology

A

The old testament is the prefiguration of the new testament.
Interpret Old testament stories, always tying back to Christianity

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7
Q

Syncretism

A

The worship of multiple mystery religions simultaneously

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8
Q

Jonah and the Whale

A

Whale eats Jonah then 3 days later Jonah is thrown up by the whale alive.
Prefiguration of Christ’s resurrection.

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9
Q

Good Shepherd

A

Christ in the New Testament, King David in the Old Testament (example of typology)

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10
Q

Daniel in the Lion’s Den

A

Daniel is miraculously saved from lion’s den by Christ

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11
Q

Heraldic Image

A

Hero is placed in center of image and is flanked by animals or enemies on either side.
Animals symbolize paradise, enemies symbolize harassment of hero.

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12
Q

Confronted Animals

A

Mirror copies of one another.
Often in heraldic images.

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13
Q

Orant

A

Praying figure.
Signative gesture
Refers to Christ’s crucifixion.

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14
Q

Signative Art

A

Consists of signs or symbols

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15
Q

Phrygian Cap

A

Like a santa’s hat.
Signifies someone from the near east.

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16
Q

Pannonian Cap

A

Popular around the year 300 and after. Signifies pagans or soldiers.

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17
Q

Basilica

A

A large public building, rectangular in plan, normally featuring a nave flanked by aisles, and an apse

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18
Q

Nave

A

Main room of the longitudinal building

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19
Q

Side Aisles

A

Flank the nave

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20
Q

Apse

A

Semicircular shape protruding from the wall that would be crowned with a half dome

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21
Q

Narthex

A

Groin vaulted covered porch

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22
Q

Clerestory

A

Lets light in

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23
Q

Groin Vault

A

A vault produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel (tunnel) vaults

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24
Q

Pastiche

A

A conglomeration of sculptures from different moments/periods in Roman History

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25
Q

Chi Rho

A

First 2 letters of Christ’s name in greek. Constantine sees this symbol in a dream when going into battle in 312.
Thinks the symbol will secure his victory. Puts the symbol onto flag for soldiers in battle.
Makes soldiers Christian.

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26
Q

Edict of Milan

A

313 CE
Legalizes Christianity
and allows people to practice Christianity without fear of persecution

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27
Q

Sol Invictus (The Invincible Sun)

A

Sol Invictus was the official sun god of the late Roman Empire and a later version of the god Sol.

28
Q

Hand of God

A

Hand moving forth from an arc. Arc signifies heavens. Comes from jewish representations of God.

29
Q

Congiarium

A

Iconographic trope of emperor throwing coins. Showering of coins to your people as a reward for their support

30
Q

Tondo

A

A circular painting, relief carving, plaque, or mural design.

31
Q

Isocephaly

A

Lining up of heads in a row.
Characteristic of late antique abstraction.

32
Q

Traditio Legis

A

The passing of the the law. Christ handing the law to Peter (who Christ designated as the leader of the Church)

33
Q

Vintaging and Harvesting Scenes

A

Scenes of Bacchus. Making wine and harvesting crops.

34
Q

Atrium

A

Square forecourt

35
Q

Apocalypse

A

2nd coming of Christ

36
Q

Arcade

A

Row of arches

37
Q

Nave elevation

A

Collonade surmounted by an entablature. Middle zone contains pictorial art, Mosiacs, or wall paintings.
Upper level is the clerestory.

38
Q

Timber Roof

A

Roof of an Early Christian basilica

39
Q

Transcept

A

Cross axis where the nave terminates. Symbolizes the crucifixion.
Where shrine would be located (Ciborium)

40
Q

Triumphal Arch

A

At end of nave.
Signifies the triumph of Christianity

41
Q

Chancel Screens

A

Hip high wall that separates the clergy from the laity (people who aren’t in the clergy). Can be used for the choir

42
Q

Ciborium

A

A receptacle shaped like a shrine or a cup with an arched cover, used in the Christian Church for the reservation of the Eucharist

43
Q

Mausoleum

A

Funerary Buildings for Emperors and Empresses. Centrally planned. Circularity signifies death/rebirth

44
Q

Scatter Mosaic

A

Technique where objects are scattered throughout the negative space.
Emphasizes 2 dimensionality.

45
Q

Concha

A

Seashell motif. Originated in the myth of the birth of Venus. Overtones of creation and fertility

46
Q

Papyrus

A

Plant grows on the nile and is used to form paper.
Works in Egypt because of lack of humidity but falls apart in humid climates

47
Q

Parchment

A

Created by flaying an animal, skinning it, soaking the skin in a caustic bath to remove the hair, then stretching on a frame and scraping with a knife with a curved blade.

48
Q

Scribe

A

People who wrote/copied manuscripts

49
Q

Folio

A

Parchment is cut into rectangular strips (usually 4 in all), which are then folded to create 8 pages

50
Q

Recto

A

The front side of a folio

51
Q

Verso

A

The back side of a folio

52
Q

Pricking

A

Scribe uses a spiked wheel and runs it up the parchment to create evenly space, ruled lines and margins, thus preparing the book for writing

53
Q

Scoring

A

Marking pages with a bone folder to make them easier to fold

54
Q

Exemplar

A

That which is copied (manuscript)

55
Q

Classicism

A

Revival of earlier classical antique. Revival of classical style. Patrons of classicizing art are pagans

56
Q

Tituli

A

Little inscription identifying content in manuscript

57
Q

Rustic Capitals

A

Script used in illuminated manuscripts.
Vertical orientation.
Letters look “squeezed”

58
Q

Ductus

A

the shape of letters

59
Q

Continuous Narration

A

Artists trying to represent a story or narrative. Stories unfold through the passage of time. Showing two different moments of a story within a frame to portray the passage of time

60
Q

Aedicule

A

Niche or recess inserted into a wall. Indicates that someone important is sitting below it

61
Q

Tabula ansata

A

architectural framework holding an inscription identifying the patron on a consular diptych

62
Q

Mappa

A

Folded handkerchief which was waved by the council when the games began

63
Q

Sella Curulis

A

seat of a magistrate

64
Q

Victoriola

A

Little victory, personifications

65
Q

Venatio

A

Hunting scenes

66
Q

Clippeated image

A

Figures contained within circles. Figure in the circle is typically divine

67
Q

Late Antiquity/Early Christian

A

175-475 CE, if content is pagan the period is Late Antique, if content is Christian the period is Early Christian

Roman Art (1 decks)

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