final

Question 1

a system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual

Answer 1

Autocracy

Question 2

a government ruled by a few powerful people

Answer 2

oligarchy

Question 3

a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives

Answer 3

Direct democracy

Question 4

a system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to makes decisions about the laws for all the people

Answer 4

representative democracy

Question 5

notion that democracy depended on unselfish commitment to the public good

Answer 5

civic virtue

Question 6

the ideals and practices of ancient Greek or Roman city-states that emphasized civic participation and the responsibility of citizens for the well-being of their polity, or country

Answer 6

classical republicanism

Question 7

belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god

Answer 7

divine right

Question 8

stated that it was the government’s duty to protect life liberty and property

Answer 8

John Locke

Question 9

a law established by following earlier judicial decisions

Answer 9

common law

Question 10

a charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John of England by his rebellious barons at Runnymede in 1215

Answer 10

Magna Carta

Question 11

principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern

Answer 11

rule of law

Question 12

a court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court to explain why they are holding the person

Answer 12

writ of Habeas Corpus

Question 13

“Father of the Constitution”

Answer 13

James Madison

Question 14

a meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution

Answer 14

Constitutional convention

Question 15

constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judicial interpreting the law

Answer 15

separation of powers

Question 16

a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president

Answer 16

electoral college

Question 17

a system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse or power

Answer 17

checks and balances

Question 18

Article VI of the Constitution, which makes the constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its constitutional limits

Answer 18

supremacy clause

Question 19

a term used to describe supporters of the constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures

Answer 19

federalist

Question 20

a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution)

Answer 20

Bill of Rights

Question 21

official changes, corrections, or additions to the constitution

Answer 21

Amendments

Question 22

review by a court of law of actions of government official or entity or some other legally appointed person of body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

Answer 22

Judicial Review

Question 23

this case establishes the supreme court’s power of judicial review

Answer 23

Marbury v. Madison

Question 24

groups of people who organize to help elect government officials and influence government policies

Answer 24

political parties

Question 25

the administration of justice according to established rules and principles

Answer 25

due process

Question 26

rights possessed by persons who are arrested by the police. (remain silent, attorney, etc.)

Answer 26

Miranda Rights

Question 27

a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In the case, the supreme court unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the 6th Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys

Answer 27

Gideon v. Wainwright

Question 28

a document which spells out the principles by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society

Answer 28

Constitution