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Environmental Systems Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

LLF

A

Light Loss Factor

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2
Q

K Degrees

A

Kelvin Degrees

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3
Q

IALD

A

International Association of Lighting Designers

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4
Q

IESNA

A

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America

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5
Q

FL/WFL

A

Flood/Wide Flood

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6
Q

SP/NSP

A

Spot/Narrow Spot

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7
Q

HID

A

High Intensity Discharge

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8
Q

LED

A

Light Emitting Diode

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9
Q

CFL

A

Compact Fluorescent

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10
Q

UV

A

Ultraviolet Light

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11
Q

IR

A

In Fa-red Lighting

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12
Q

CCT

A

Correlated Color Temperature

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13
Q

Directions in which light can be emitted

A

Downward
Upward
Multidirectional

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14
Q

What are Heat Sinks

A

A way for heat to dissipate from a luminaire or transformer or anything that generates heat

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15
Q

What are some pros and cons of UV Lights

A

Pros: can kill bacteria and germs

Cons: causes damage to organic materials

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16
Q

What is the difference between reflection and refraction?

A

Reflection is where light reflects off a medium and bounces back & refraction is where light changes its path as it travels through a medium, causing the light to bend.

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17
Q

What is an architectural cove & what does it do?

A

It is a general lighting system close to the ceiling that intentionally directs light upward

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18
Q

What does task lighting do?

A

It increases contrast in color to light areas for specific activities and tasks

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19
Q

What is a luminous ceiling?

A

A luminous ceiling has a light above that filters through, think a slat ceiling or translucent panels.

The ceilings acts as a lens

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20
Q

What is an Illuminated ceiling?

A

An illuminated ceiling is like a cove, where light is directed up.

The ceiling acts as a reflector

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21
Q

What is the purpose of shielding elements like Louvers?

A

They are meant to control the amount of light that comes through and the direction in which it goes as well.

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22
Q

What is the purpose of reflectors?

A

They are shaped to redirect via reflection. Takes a narrow spot and turns it into a wide angle.

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23
Q

What are the most common shapes of down lights?

A

round and square

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24
Q

What affects the efficiency of a downlight luminaire?

A

The finish on the rim.
White finish is most efficient & dark have lower efficacy

25
What is a benefit of dark colored rims on a downlight
lower reflectance value helps to reduce glare
26
What is the purpose of a housing unit for a luminaire?
to provide electrical connection and physical support for the light source
27
What are the 5 categories of luminaire housing units?
1. Recessed 2. Semi-recessed 3. Surface-mounted 4. Pendant-mounted 5. Track-mounted
28
What type of light do downlights provide?
direct light that's typically symmetrical
29
What is a wash light?
a luminaire that provides an even "wash" or relatively uniform brightness, usually on a wall
30
What is the purpose of Task Ambient light
to have task light for illuminance requirements for things like paper based visual tasks while allowing the ambient light to be of a lower illuminance for visual comfort
31
What do grazing lights do?
they enhance perception of depth by emphasizing the natural textures and sculptural relief of the surface
32
When do you use grazing light?
when you have heavily textured surfaces that you want to show the texture of
33
What is visual clutter?
noise or static in acoustical design that becomes distracting to the brain
34
What is a visual field
your field of view, what you see in a space
35
What does visual clarity do
reduces the number of stimuli in the field of view. Allows us to move through the space without drawing attention to the lighting system.
36
What are luminaire patterns?
the position/pattern of the luminaires and they must be highly organized and should follow architectural context within limits of light distribution
37
What causes visual chaos in the ceiling plane?
irregular luminaire placement & excessive use of different luminaires
38
What are scallops
an effect of a wall wash that creates hot spots or areas of high contrast that confuse the perception of the wall
39
Difference between general ambient and task ambient lighting
general ambient is appropriate where scope of task can vary & task ambient is better for defined and limited scope tasks
40
Why would you use ambient uplighting
to reduce glare at source and surface
41
Decorative vs Accent lighting
Decorative lighting is meant as an ornamental element in a space & accent lighting highlights an object or element in a space
42
What is a big way to enhance visual acuity?
using daylight and windows
43
How do we read reflectance values
The higher the value the more light the surface reflects
44
What is the most beneficial form of control?
Dimming
45
What type of sources is a transformer typically for?
typically for incandescent/filament sources
46
What does a transformer do?
Steps down standard building service (120V) to 12V
47
What is a driver?
a self-contained power supply that has outputs matched to the electrical characteristics of an LED. Provides it constant current
48
What allows LEDs to be dimmed?
a driver
49
What is load shedding?
reducing electrical needs of a space
50
What does a solid state source require?
A driver
51
what is a solid state source?
a semiconductor light source that includes LEDs and OLEDs
52
What is a discharge source?
a source that produces light by running an electrical current through gas or vapor under pressure
53
What are the 2 types of discharge sources?
1. Neon lamp 2. Fluorescent lamp
54
What does a solid state source require?
A driver
55
What is a filament source?
a lighting source that has an electric current pass through a hot wire to emit light
56
What are fiber optics?
fibers made of glass or plastic that emit light from the side or ends by total internal reflection
57
How are neon lamps unique?
They are produced by bending heated glass into a design with neon gas inside. The light is the colored like that the neon atoms give off.
58
What is alliesthesia
the influence that thermal environments can have on creating occupant satisfaction/thermal pleasure

Environmental Systems Final (1 decks)

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