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Environmental Systems Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

LLF

A

Light Loss Factor

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2
Q

K Degrees

A

Kelvin Degrees

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3
Q

IALD

A

International Association of Lighting Designers

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4
Q

IESNA

A

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America

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5
Q

FL/WFL

A

Flood/Wide Flood

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6
Q

SP/NSP

A

Spot/Narrow Spot

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7
Q

HID

A

High Intensity Discharge

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8
Q

LED

A

Light Emitting Diode

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9
Q

CFL

A

Compact Fluorescent

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10
Q

UV

A

Ultraviolet Light

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11
Q

IR

A

In Fa-red Lighting

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12
Q

CCT

A

Correlated Color Temperature

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13
Q

Directions in which light can be emitted

A

Downward
Upward
Multidirectional

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14
Q

What are Heat Sinks

A

A way for heat to dissipate from a luminaire or transformer or anything that generates heat

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15
Q

What are some pros and cons of UV Lights

A

Pros: can kill bacteria and germs

Cons: causes damage to organic materials

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16
Q

What is the difference between reflection and refraction?

A

Reflection is where light reflects off a medium and bounces back & refraction is where light changes its path as it travels through a medium, causing the light to bend.

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17
Q

What is an architectural cove & what does it do?

A

It is a general lighting system close to the ceiling that intentionally directs light upward

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18
Q

What does task lighting do?

A

It increases contrast in color to light areas for specific activities and tasks

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19
Q

What is a luminous ceiling?

A

A luminous ceiling has a light above that filters through, think a slat ceiling or translucent panels.

The ceilings acts as a lens

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20
Q

What is an Illuminated ceiling?

A

An illuminated ceiling is like a cove, where light is directed up.

The ceiling acts as a reflector

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21
Q

What is the purpose of shielding elements like Louvers?

A

They are meant to control the amount of light that comes through and the direction in which it goes as well.

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22
Q

What is the purpose of reflectors?

A

They are shaped to redirect via reflection. Takes a narrow spot and turns it into a wide angle.

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23
Q

What are the most common shapes of down lights?

A

round and square

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24
Q

What affects the efficiency of a downlight luminaire?

A

The finish on the rim.
White finish is most efficient & dark have lower efficacy

25
Q

What is a benefit of dark colored rims on a downlight

A

lower reflectance value helps to reduce glare

26
Q

What is the purpose of a housing unit for a luminaire?

A

to provide electrical connection and physical support for the light source

27
Q

What are the 5 categories of luminaire housing units?

A
  1. Recessed
  2. Semi-recessed
  3. Surface-mounted
  4. Pendant-mounted
  5. Track-mounted
28
Q

What type of light do downlights provide?

A

direct light that’s typically symmetrical

29
Q

What is a wash light?

A

a luminaire that provides an even “wash” or relatively uniform brightness, usually on a wall

30
Q

What is the purpose of Task Ambient light

A

to have task light for illuminance requirements for things like paper based visual tasks while allowing the ambient light to be of a lower illuminance for visual comfort

31
Q

What do grazing lights do?

A

they enhance perception of depth by emphasizing the natural textures and sculptural relief of the surface

32
Q

When do you use grazing light?

A

when you have heavily textured surfaces that you want to show the texture of

33
Q

What is visual clutter?

A

noise or static in acoustical design that becomes distracting to the brain

34
Q

What is a visual field

A

your field of view, what you see in a space

35
Q

What does visual clarity do

A

reduces the number of stimuli in the field of view. Allows us to move through the space without drawing attention to the lighting system.

36
Q

What are luminaire patterns?

A

the position/pattern of the luminaires and they must be highly organized and should follow architectural context within limits of light distribution

37
Q

What causes visual chaos in the ceiling plane?

A

irregular luminaire placement & excessive use of different luminaires

38
Q

What are scallops

A

an effect of a wall wash that creates hot spots or areas of high contrast that confuse the perception of the wall

39
Q

Difference between general ambient and task ambient lighting

A

general ambient is appropriate where scope of task can vary & task ambient is better for defined and limited scope tasks

40
Q

Why would you use ambient uplighting

A

to reduce glare at source and surface

41
Q

Decorative vs Accent lighting

A

Decorative lighting is meant as an ornamental element in a space & accent lighting highlights an object or element in a space

42
Q

What is a big way to enhance visual acuity?

A

using daylight and windows

43
Q

How do we read reflectance values

A

The higher the value the more light the surface reflects

44
Q

What is the most beneficial form of control?

A

Dimming

45
Q

What type of sources is a transformer typically for?

A

typically for incandescent/filament sources

46
Q

What does a transformer do?

A

Steps down standard building service (120V) to 12V

47
Q

What is a driver?

A

a self-contained power supply that has outputs matched to the electrical characteristics of an LED. Provides it constant current

48
Q

What allows LEDs to be dimmed?

A

a driver

49
Q

What is load shedding?

A

reducing electrical needs of a space

50
Q

What does a solid state source require?

A

A driver

51
Q

what is a solid state source?

A

a semiconductor light source that includes LEDs and OLEDs

52
Q

What is a discharge source?

A

a source that produces light by running an electrical current through gas or vapor under pressure

53
Q

What are the 2 types of discharge sources?

A
  1. Neon lamp
  2. Fluorescent lamp
54
Q

What does a solid state source require?

A

A driver

55
Q

What is a filament source?

A

a lighting source that has an electric current pass through a hot wire to emit light

56
Q

What are fiber optics?

A

fibers made of glass or plastic that emit light from the side or ends by total internal reflection

57
Q

How are neon lamps unique?

A

They are produced by bending heated glass into a design with neon gas inside. The light is the colored like that the neon atoms give off.

58
Q

What is alliesthesia

A

the influence that thermal environments can have on creating occupant satisfaction/thermal pleasure

Environmental Systems Final (1 decks)

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