Final

Question 1

Define self regulation.

Answer 1

The manner in which an individual deals with stress, in all its forms, and then recovers from the energy expended.

Question 2

What percentage of Canadian children are overweight?

Answer 2

33%

Question 3

Define attachment.

Answer 3

When a parent responds to a child who is frightened, ill or hurt, in a consistent and sensitive way that makes them feel safe secure and protected.

Question 4

What is a sensitive response.

Answer 4

When a caregiver responds with positionining and mood.

Positioning:
At child’s level
Close proximity
Face to face
Establish eye contact
Look at the baby’s face

Mood:
Responds warmly
Kind tone and volume
Gentle but assured

Question 5

What are the fours steps to establishing secure attachment?

Answer 5

1. A child becomes frightened I’ll or hurt, their attachment system becomes activated
2. A primary caregiver responds quickly and consistently in a sensitive manner that makes the child feel safe, secure, and protected
3. Child is comforted when caregiver responds and is able to resume exploring or play, their attachment system turns off
4. Child has secure attachment and is highly likely to go on and be a confident, emotionally stable adult and do well in life social

Question 6

What percentage of children with developmental disabilities are more likely to have a coexisting mental health challenge

Answer 6

50-70%

Question 7

What are the three criteria to formally diagnose depression in middle childhood.

Answer 7

Persistence - the symptoms persist everday, most of the day for 2+ weeks
Severity - the child is being immobilized by the symptoms
Functionality - the child’s daily functions are being impacted (eating, sleep, play, school, friendships)

Question 8

What are the signs of depression in children?

Answer 8

1. Lack of interest in play - disinterest in regular play and hobbies
2. Low energy, lack of sleep and appetite - changes in eating and sleeping, lack typical energy
3. Irritability - easily frustrated, annoyed, and generally unhappy, struggle to enjoy themselves with others
   **4. Physical complaints and frequent illness - feelings are expressed through frequent illness, stomach pains, headaches or other body pains
4. Developmental regression - toilet trained children may begin having frequent accidents, any area of development may be affected

Question 9

What are the common treatments of depression in children?

Answer 9

Childhood depression is often treated with psychotherapy:
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Play Therapy

Question 10

What are the 5 domains of stressors?

Answer 10

1. Biological
2. Cognitive
3. Emotional
4. Social
5. Pro-Social

Question 11

What are the 4 Parenting styles?

Answer 11

1. Authoritarian
2. Authoritative
3. Indulgence-permissive
4. Indifferent-uninvolved

Question 12

Describe the Authoritarian parenting style.

Answer 12

High control, little warmth
Children have little say in rules and expectations

Question 13

Describe the Authoritative parenting style.

Answer 13

Age appropriate degree of control, responsive and warm parenting
Children have greater say in the expectations and parents are more open to their ideas

Question 14

Describe the indulgence permissive parenting style.

Answer 14

Little parental control, responsive and warm parenting
Very little consequences for children’s behaviour

Question 15

Describe the indifferent uninvolved parenting style.

Answer 15

Neither control nor warmth
Little emotional connection beyond meeting basic needs of children

Question 16

What is the main point of Piaget’s pre operational stage?

Answer 16

Piaget claims that preschoolers do not have logical operations. This is because they limitations im their cognitive thinking (causality, Centration, egocentrism, fantasy vs. Reality, conservation)

Question 17

What is egocentrism in the pre-operational stage?

Answer 17

The preschoolers ideas about the work to only their point of view, can’t imagine someone else point of view

Question 18

What is egocentrism in the preoperational stage?

Answer 18

Limits a preschoolers ideas about the world to only their point of view
Can’t understand another perspective

Question 19

What is fantasy vs. reality in pre-operational stage?

Answer 19

Everything is alive
Nature has human conditions ) birds are happy, trees are naked, the sun goes to bed at night)
Animism - believing in Santa, tooth fairy etc.

Question 20

What is conservation in pre operational stage.

Answer 20

Children are limited in their ability to reverse a situation
Believe what they see, lack logical thinking

Question 21

What is theory of mind?

Answer 21

The ability to understand that others have different thought, believes, desires and intentions

Question 22

What is Centration in preoperational stage?

Answer 22

Tendency to focus on one aspect of a problem
Absolute terms, this or that
Transitions, transformation, and cause and effect confuse preschoolers

Question 23

Praise vs. Acknowledgement

Answer 23

Avoid praising outcome or precovienved standard, instead praise effort and commitment
Make observant comments

Question 24

What is the value of acknowledgement over praise?

Answer 24

Children who are acknloeedged for their effort and commitment are more likely to succeed, try new things, and adopt a growth mindset