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OTA Skills > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

OT Profession

A
  • helping people achieve independence, meaning, & satisfaction in ALL aspects of life
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2
Q

Occupation

A

Groups of activities/tasks of everyday life
ex. self care/productivity/leisure

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3
Q

Hand Hygiene points of contact

A
  1. before initial pt. contact
  2. before aseptic procedure
  3. after body fluid exposure
  4. after pt. contact
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4
Q

Putting ON PPE

A
  1. santize
  2. gown
  3. mask
  4. gloves
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5
Q

Taking OFF PPE

A
  1. gloves
  2. gown (roll)
  3. Sanitize
  4. Mask
  5. Sanitize
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6
Q

Contact Isolation

A

Gown & gloves

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7
Q

Droplet Isolation

A

-eye protection
-mask
-gown
-gloves

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8
Q

Airborne Isolation

A

-Negative pressure room
-eye protection
-gown
-gloves
-N95 mask

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9
Q

Roles/Responsibilities of OTA

A

-Implement treatment plan
-admin roll (collect data/paper work)
-Prep materials/data collection during assessment
-Pt. Education

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10
Q

Functional Assessment

A

-determines current level of functioning
-strengths/weaknesses
-how pt. manages day to day
-identify challenges/gaps needing to be addressed

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11
Q

OT Scope of Practice

A
  1. screening
  2. evaluation
  3. treatment plan
  4. re-evaluation
  5. discharge plan
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12
Q

Activity Analysis

A

activity skills decomposed for the purpose of analysis

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13
Q

How activity analysis is used in OT

A

-requirements of task is established (steps)
-Physical, cognitive, and psychological demands

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14
Q

Why we need activity analysis

A

-discover aspects of activity that make it difficult to complete
-understand the effect an activity has on a client
-adapt the activity to allow for change

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15
Q

Grading

A

-increasing/decreasing difficulty of activity based on how the client responds

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16
Q

Pacing

A

-breaking up steps and pacing through, rest in between
-client can acquire skill gradually, step by step
-one skill at a time

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17
Q

Adapting

A

-restructuring the activities to meet the needs of the client

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18
Q

Cognition

A

-knowing/awareness
-perceiving, remembering, reasoning, judging, problem-solving

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19
Q

Delerium

A

-sudden/severe change in cognition
-confusion, disorientation, cant think clearly
-temporary; associated with medical illness

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20
Q

Dementia

A

-decline in mental ability
-severe enough to interfere with daily life

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21
Q

Mild Cognitive Impairment

A

-cognitive changes serious enough to be noticed but does NOT interfere with daily life

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22
Q

Strategies when working with individuals who have a cognitive impairment

A

-Conitive training
-Tabletop activities
-Adapt approach to tailor to individual needs
-Remedial Approach
-Adaptive approach
-grade activities
-give cues

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23
Q

Cueing order

A

-Verbal
-Verbal non directive
-Verbal directive
-demonstration

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24
Q

Adaptive Aids for feeding

A

-universal cuff
-built up utentsils
-angled/weighted utensils
-rocker knife

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25
Q

Adaptive aids for dressing/hygiene

A

-sock aid
-long shoe horn
-reacher
-dressing stick

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26
Q

In hand manipulation skills

A

-Finger to palm translation
-palm to finger translation
-trapping
-shift
-rotation (simple & complex)

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27
Q

Principles of motor skill development

A
  1. Reach (transport phase)
  2. Grasp
  3. Voluntary release
  4. in hand manipulation
  5. bilateral hand use
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28
Q

Basic positions of hand

A

….

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29
Q

Direction of development/skills

A

-Stabilize shoulder/elbow BEFORE smaller movements
-develop top-down; middle-out
-stability before mobility

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30
Q

Walking aid types

A

-4ww
-2ww
-standard walker

31
Q

4ww Requirements

A

-both hands
-stability
-grip strength
-foldable
-cognitive
-environment

32
Q

2ww requirments

A

-both hands
-cognitive
-more supportive
-foldable
-not good outside

33
Q

Standard walker requirements

A

-lifting
-both hands
-cognitive
-more supportive
-foldable
-not good outside

34
Q

Fall prevention strategies

A

-clear paths
-eliminate clutter
-proper lighting
-stair safety
-grab bars

35
Q

FIM Levels

A
  1. Total <25%
  2. Max 25-49%
  3. Mod 50-74%
  4. Min 75+%
  5. supervision
  6. modified independence (device/more time)
  7. total independence (timely/safely)
36
Q

THR Posterior Precautions

A

-No bending over
-No crossing legs
-keep feet straight

37
Q

THR Anterior Precautions

A

-no bridging
-keep feet straight

38
Q

Hip Fracture precautions

A

-no movement precautions
-PWB

39
Q

TKR precautions

A

-No movement precautions
-WBAT

40
Q

Shoulder Replacement Precautions

A

-no weight bearing
-no pushing/pulling/lifting
-arm in sling always
-no AROM in shoulder

41
Q

Assisted Devices for THR/TKR/LE Fractures

A

-Long handle Reacher, sock aid, shoe horn
-Long handle sponge
-Elastic shoelaces
-Raised toilet seat/over toilet commode with arms
-Shower chair, tub transfer bench, clamp on bar
-Foam cushion/furniture risers
-Bed helper
-Leg lifter

42
Q

Assisted Devices for TSA/UE Fractures

A

-Dressing stick, button hook
-Sling
-Elastic shoelaces
-1 hand techniques
-Cane
-Clamp on bar
-Long handle grooming tools

43
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

-wear and tear
-breakdown of cartilage
-weight bearing joints
-unilateral
-Jobs: capenter/physios/healthcare/office workers

44
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

-Autoimmune disorder
-inflammation/pain
-bilateral/symmetrical- both sides

45
Q

Gout

A

-inflammatory arthritis
-excess uric acid
-extreme pain

46
Q

Trigger Finger

A

-Affects tendons that flex fingers
-locking sensation when you bend/straighten fingers

47
Q

Swan neck

A

-PIP Hyperextension & DIP flexion
-degenerative
-weakness/tearing of ligament
-seen with RA

48
Q

Boutonniere

A

-PIP flexion & DIP hyperextension
-Injury to tendons

49
Q

4 Ps of energy conservation

A
  1. Prioritize
  2. Plan
  3. Pace
  4. Positioning
50
Q

Joint protection Strategies

A
  1. Respect pain
  2. Maintain good strength/ROM
  3. Avoid positions that push joints toward deformity
  4. Use of strongest/largest joint
  5. Avoid staying in one position
  6. Energy conservation: minimal effort
  7. Assistive devices/splinting
51
Q

Client Measurments for wheelchair

A

-Seat width: +2
-Seat Depth: -2
-Floor to seat: + 2 (foot rests)
-Back rest: to scapula (less support); to shoulders/head (more support)
-Armrest: +1

52
Q

Type 1 wheelchair

A

-standard
-basic/occasional use
-self-propelling

53
Q

Type 2 Wheelchair

A

-lighter weight
-daily use
-adjustable parts
-self-propelling

54
Q

Type 3 wheelchair

A

-even lighter weight
-very active use (main mobility)
-UE Propelling
-Anti-tippers, quick release axles, adjustable center of gravity

55
Q

Type 4 Wheelchair

A

-performance
-ultra light
-everyday/active
-non folding/fixed footrests
-UE Propelling

56
Q

Type 5 wheelchair

A

-Tilt in space
-heavy
-no self propelling

57
Q

Type of Cushion

A

-Foam
-Gel
-Air
-Hybrid

58
Q

Pro/Con of Foam cusion

A

Pro: Supportive
Con: not much pressure relief

59
Q

Pro/con of Gel Cushion

A

Pro: Prevent skin breakdown
Con: Not stable

60
Q

Pro/con of Air Cushion

A

Pro: Heal/prevent pressure injury
Con: self-management to inflate (requires cognition)

61
Q

Pro/Con of hybrid Cushion

A

Pro: equal support/pressure relief
Con: costly

62
Q

Impact of improper positioning

A

-deformities
-pressure injuries
-uncomfortable
-improper body alighnment
-decrease function/independence

63
Q

Impact of foot rest too high/low

A

High: too much pressure, discomfort, skin breakdown
Low: blood circulation reduces, digging in back of thighs, slide out of chair

64
Q

Impact of head rest too high/low

A

High: strain on neck
low: no support/head extension

65
Q

How to improve posure

A
  • hips/knees/elbow at 90 degrees
    -straight spine/normal curves
    -feet supported
    -equal height
    -tray for more stability
66
Q

OTA responsibility with splinting

A

-Assist OT
-Positioning, fabrication, pt. education (wear times/warning signs)
-Preperation/ordering inventory

67
Q

OT responsibility with splinting

A
  • assessment, splint design, fabrication, discharge
68
Q

Types of Splints

A
  • Immobilization Splint
  • Static Splint
  • Resting Pan
69
Q

Immobilization splint

A
  • wrist in neutral
  • full finger mobility
  • decrease pain/inflammation
  • prevent deformity
  • minimize pressure
70
Q

Static Splint

A
  • no moveable parts
    -immobilize
    -function with ADLs
71
Q

Resting Pan

A

-immobilize fingers/wrist
-characterized by C Bar
- 20-30 degrees of wrist extension
- slight flexion of PIP/DIP joints

72
Q

Splinting Principles

A

-contour
-decrease pressure
-hand creases

73
Q

Warning signs for client

A
  • skin discoloration
  • pain
  • pressure
  • sharpness
  • tightness

OTA Skills (1 decks)

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